3,280 research outputs found
A layered framework for pattern-based ontology evolution
The challenge of ontology-driven modelling of information
components is well known in both academia and industry. In this paper, we present a novel approach to deal with customisation and abstraction of ontology-based model evolution. As a result of an empirical study, we identify a layered change operator framework based on the granularity,
domain-speciļ¬city and abstraction of changes. The implementation of the operator framework is supported through layered change logs. Layered change logs capture the objective of ontology changes at a higher level of granularity and support a comprehensive understanding of ontology evolution. The layered change logs are formalised using a graph-based approach. We identify the recurrent ontology change patterns from an ontology change log for their reuse. The identiļ¬ed patterns facilitate optimizing and improving the deļ¬nition of domain-speciļ¬c change patterns
Integrating descriptions of knowledge management learning activities into large ontological structures: A case study
Ontologies have been recognized as a fundamental infrastructure for advanced approaches to Knowledge Management (KM) automation, and the conceptual foundations for them have been discussed in some previous reports. Nonetheless, such conceptual structures should be properly integrated into existing ontological bases, for the practical purpose of providing the required support for the development of intelligent applications. Such applications should ideally integrate KM concepts into a framework of commonsense knowledge with clear computational semantics. In this paper, such an integration work is illustrated through a concrete case study, using the large OpenCyc knowledge base. Concretely, the main elements of the Holsapple & Joshi KM ontology and some existing work on e-learning ontologies are explicitly linked to OpenCyc definitions, providing a framework for the development of functionalities that use the built-in reasoning services of OpenCyc in KM ctivities. The integration can be used as the point of departure for the engineering of KM-oriented systems that account for a shared understanding of the discipline and rely on public semantics provided by one of the largest open knowledge bases available
Towards a re-engineering method for web services architectures
Recent developments in Web technologies ā in particular
through the Web services framework ā have greatly enhanced the flexible and interoperable implementation of service-oriented software architectures. Many older Web-based and other distributed software systems will be re-engineered to a Web services-oriented platform. Using an advanced
e-learning system as our case study, we investigate central aspects of a re-engineering approach for the Web services platform. Since our aim is to provide components of the legacy system also as services in the new platform, re-engineering to suit the new development paradigm is as important as re-engineering to suit the new architectural requirements
Eliciting Expertise
Since the last edition of this book there have been rapid developments in the use and exploitation of formally elicited knowledge. Previously, (Shadbolt and Burton, 1995) the emphasis was on eliciting knowledge for the purpose of building expert or knowledge-based systems. These systems are computer programs intended to solve real-world problems, achieving the same level of accuracy as human experts. Knowledge engineering is the discipline that has evolved to support the whole process of specifying, developing and deploying knowledge-based systems (Schreiber et al., 2000) This chapter will discuss the problem of knowledge elicitation for knowledge intensive systems in general
Bringing Structure into Summaries: Crowdsourcing a Benchmark Corpus of Concept Maps
Concept maps can be used to concisely represent important information and
bring structure into large document collections. Therefore, we study a variant
of multi-document summarization that produces summaries in the form of concept
maps. However, suitable evaluation datasets for this task are currently
missing. To close this gap, we present a newly created corpus of concept maps
that summarize heterogeneous collections of web documents on educational
topics. It was created using a novel crowdsourcing approach that allows us to
efficiently determine important elements in large document collections. We
release the corpus along with a baseline system and proposed evaluation
protocol to enable further research on this variant of summarization.Comment: Published at EMNLP 201
Escaping the Trap of too Precise Topic Queries
At the very center of digital mathematics libraries lie controlled
vocabularies which qualify the {\it topic} of the documents. These topics are
used when submitting a document to a digital mathematics library and to perform
searches in a library. The latter are refined by the use of these topics as
they allow a precise classification of the mathematics area this document
addresses. However, there is a major risk that users employ too precise topics
to specify their queries: they may be employing a topic that is only "close-by"
but missing to match the right resource. We call this the {\it topic trap}.
Indeed, since 2009, this issue has appeared frequently on the i2geo.net
platform. Other mathematics portals experience the same phenomenon. An approach
to solve this issue is to introduce tolerance in the way queries are understood
by the user. In particular, the approach of including fuzzy matches but this
introduces noise which may prevent the user of understanding the function of
the search engine.
In this paper, we propose a way to escape the topic trap by employing the
navigation between related topics and the count of search results for each
topic. This supports the user in that search for close-by topics is a click
away from a previous search. This approach was realized with the i2geo search
engine and is described in detail where the relation of being {\it related} is
computed by employing textual analysis of the definitions of the concepts
fetched from the Wikipedia encyclopedia.Comment: 12 pages, Conference on Intelligent Computer Mathematics 2013 Bath,
U
Report on the EHCR (Deliverable 26.2)
This deliverable is the second for Workpackage 26. The first, submitted after
Month 12, summarised the areas of research that the partners had identified as
being relevant to the semantic indexing of the EHR. This second one reports
progress on the key threads of work identified by the partners during the project to
contribute towards semantically interoperable and processable EHRs.
This report provides a set of short summaries on key topics that have emerged as
important, and to which the partners are able to make strong contributions. Some of
these are also being extended via two new EU Framework 6 proposals that include
WP26 partners: this is also a measure of the success of this Network of Excellence
Weaving creativity into the Semantic Web: a language-processing approach
This paper describes a novel language processing ap- proach to the analysis of creativity and the development of a machine-readable ontology of creativity. The ontol- ogy provides a conceptualisation of creativity in terms of a set of fourteen key components or building blocks and has application to research into the nature of cre- ativity in general and to the evaluation of creative prac- tice, in particular. We further argue that the provision of a machine readable conceptualisation of creativity pro- vides a small, but important step towards addressing the problem of automated evaluation, āthe Achillesā heel of AI research on creativityā (Boden 1999)
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