38,755 research outputs found
Best Practices in Disaster Grantmaking: Lessons From the Gulf Coast
Summarizes NYRAG members' response to hurricanes Katrina and Rita, highlights innovative grantmaking, and outlines best practices, practices to avoid, and strategies for promoting the recovery, transformation, and revitalization of the Gulf Coast
Charitable Giving Report: How Nonprofit Fundraising Performed in 2013
The Charitable Giving Report, derived from The Blackbaud Index, includes overall giving data from 4,129 nonprofit organizations representing 1.7 billion in online fundraising from 2013. This year's report features the addition of overall charitable giving data from 985 organizations and online giving data from 778 organizations
Understanding Bots on Social Media - An Application in Disaster Response
abstract: Social media has become a primary platform for real-time information sharing among users. News on social media spreads faster than traditional outlets and millions of users turn to this platform to receive the latest updates on major events especially disasters. Social media bridges the gap between the people who are affected by disasters, volunteers who offer contributions, and first responders. On the other hand, social media is a fertile ground for malicious users who purposefully disturb the relief processes facilitated on social media. These malicious users take advantage of social bots to overrun social media posts with fake images, rumors, and false information. This process causes distress and prevents actionable information from reaching the affected people. Social bots are automated accounts that are controlled by a malicious user and these bots have become prevalent on social media in recent years.
In spite of existing efforts towards understanding and removing bots on social media, there are at least two drawbacks associated with the current bot detection algorithms: general-purpose bot detection methods are designed to be conservative and not label a user as a bot unless the algorithm is highly confident and they overlook the effect of users who are manipulated by bots and (unintentionally) spread their content. This study is trifold. First, I design a Machine Learning model that uses content and context of social media posts to detect actionable ones among them; it specifically focuses on tweets in which people ask for help after major disasters. Second, I focus on bots who can be a facilitator of malicious content spreading during disasters. I propose two methods for detecting bots on social media with a focus on the recall of the detection. Third, I study the characteristics of users who spread the content of malicious actors. These features have the potential to improve methods that detect malicious content such as fake news.Dissertation/ThesisDoctoral Dissertation Computer Science 201
Developing an Efficient DMCIS with Next-Generation Wireless Networks
The impact of extreme events across the globe is extraordinary which
continues to handicap the advancement of the struggling developing societies
and threatens most of the industrialized countries in the globe. Various fields
of Information and Communication Technology have widely been used for efficient
disaster management; but only to a limited extent though, there is a tremendous
potential for increasing efficiency and effectiveness in coping with disasters
with the utilization of emerging wireless network technologies. Early warning,
response to the particular situation and proper recovery are among the main
focuses of an efficient disaster management system today. Considering these
aspects, in this paper we propose a framework for developing an efficient
Disaster Management Communications and Information System (DMCIS) which is
basically benefited by the exploitation of the emerging wireless network
technologies combined with other networking and data processing technologies.Comment: 6 page
A Secure Lightweight Approach of Node Membership Verification in Dense HDSN
In this paper, we consider a particular type of deployment scenario of a
distributed sensor network (DSN), where sensors of different types and
categories are densely deployed in the same target area. In this network, the
sensors are associated with different groups, based on their functional types
and after deployment they collaborate with one another in the same group for
doing any assigned task for that particular group. We term this sort of DSN as
a heterogeneous distributed sensor network (HDSN). Considering this scenario,
we propose a secure membership verification mechanism using one-way accumulator
(OWA) which ensures that, before collaborating for a particular task, any pair
of nodes in the same deployment group can verify each other-s legitimacy of
membership. Our scheme also supports addition and deletion of members (nodes)
in a particular group in the HDSN. Our analysis shows that, the proposed scheme
could work well in conjunction with other security mechanisms for sensor
networks and is very effective to resist any adversary-s attempt to be included
in a legitimate group in the network.Comment: 6 page
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