Discovery and efficient reuse of technology pictures using Wikimedia infrastructures. A proposal

Multimedia objects, especially images and figures, are essential for the visualization and interpretation of research findings. The distribution and reuse of these scientific objects is significantly improved under open access conditions, for instance in Wikipedia articles, in research literature, as well as in education and knowledge dissemination, where licensing of images often represents a serious barrier. Whereas scientific publications are retrievable through library portals or other online search services due to standardized indices there is no targeted retrieval and access to the accompanying images and figures yet. Consequently there is a great demand to develop standardized indexing methods for these multimedia open access objects in order to improve the accessibility to this material. With our proposal, we hope to serve a broad audience which looks up a scientific or technical term in a web search portal first. Until now, this audience has little chance to find an openly accessible and reusable image narrowly matching their search term on first try - frustratingly so, even if there is in fact such an image included in some open access article

Coronavirus mapping in scientific publications: When science advances rapidly and collectively, is access to this knowledge open to society?

The COVID-19 pandemic is creating a global health emergency. Mapping this health emergency in scientific publications demands multiple approaches to obtain a picture as complete as possible. To progress in the knowledge of this pandemic and to control its effects, international collaborations between researchers are essentials, as well as having open and immediate access to scientific publications, what we called 'coopetition'. Our main objectives are to identify the most productive countries in coronavirus publications, to analyse the international scientific collaboration on this topic, and to study the proportion and typology of open accessibility to these publications. We have analyzed 18,875 articles indexed in Web of Science. We performed the descriptive statistical analysis in order to explore the performance of the more prolific countries and organizations, as well as paying attention to the last 2 years. Registers have been analyzed separately via the VOSviewer software, drawing a network of links among countries and organizations to identify the starred countries and organizations, and the strongest links of the net. We have explored the capacity of researchers to generate scientific knowledge about a health crisis emergency, and their global capacity to collaborate among them in a global emergency. We consider that science is moving rapidly to find solutions to international health problems but access to this knowledge by society is not so quick due to several limitations (open access policies, corporate interests, etc.). We have observed that papers from China in the last 3 months (from January 2020 to March 2020) have a strong impact compared with papers published in years before. The United States and China are the major producers of documents of our sample, followed by all European countries, especially the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, and France. At the same time, the leading role of Saudi Arabia, Canada or South Korea should be noted, with a significant number of documents submitted but very different dynamics of international collaboration. The proportion of international collaboration is growing in all countries in 2019-2020, which contrasts with the situation of the last two decades. The organizations providing the most documents to the sample are mostly Chinese. The percentage of open access articles on coronavirus for the period 2001-2020 is 59.2% but if we focus in 2020 the figures increase up to 91.4%, due to the commitment of commercial publishers with the emergency

MuLMS: A Multi-Layer Annotated Text Corpus for Information Extraction in the Materials Science Domain

Keeping track of all relevant recent publications and experimental results for a research area is a challenging task. Prior work has demonstrated the efficacy of information extraction models in various scientific areas. Recently, several datasets have been released for the yet understudied materials science domain. However, these datasets focus on sub-problems such as parsing synthesis procedures or on sub-domains, e.g., solid oxide fuel cells. In this resource paper, we present MuLMS, a new dataset of 50 open-access articles, spanning seven sub-domains of materials science. The corpus has been annotated by domain experts with several layers ranging from named entities over relations to frame structures. We present competitive neural models for all tasks and demonstrate that multi-task training with existing related resources leads to benefits.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, 28 tables, to be published in "Proceedings of the second Workshop on Information Extraction from Scientific Publications

Analogue and digital scientific communication at the Polish Academy of Sciences

Polska Akademia Nauk przez kilkadziesiąt lat wypracowała różne sposoby komunikowania naukowego, począwszy od komunikacji nieformalnej – konferencji, zjazdów, spotkań o charakterze naukowym – przez książki i czasopisma, po publikacje udostępniane w bibliotekach cyfrowych oraz w modelu Open Access. Celem artykułu jest analiza analogowej komunikacji naukowej i funkcjonowania PAN w kulturze konwergencji oraz wykazanie, że instytucja ta wykorzystuje najnowsze formy udostępniania wyników badań, w tym narzędzia Web 2.0. W artykule przedstawiono dane liczbowe dotyczące drukowanych publikacji naukowych PAN. Na podstawie danych rejestrowanych przez bazę Arianta, przeglądu stron internetowych instytutów, komitetów i oddziałów oraz wywiadu przeprowadzonego w Biurze Upowszechniania i Promocji Nauki PAN opisano rozwój cyfrowego modelu komunikacji naukowej w PAN.The Polish Academy of Sciences for several dozen years developed different manners of scientific communication, starting from unofficial communication - conferences, conventions, meetings having a scientific character - from books and magazines to publications made available at digital libraries and in the Open Access model. The purpose of this article is the analysis of the analogue scientific communication and functioning of the Polish Academy of Science in the convergence culture and showing that this institution is using newest forms of submitting research results, including 2.0 Web tools. Figures concerning printed academic publications of the Polish Academy of Science are described in the article. Based on data registered by the Arianta base, the review of websites of institutes, committees and branches and an interview conducted in the Office of Popularization and Promotion of Education of the Polish Academy of Science, the development of the digital communication scientific model of the Polish Academy of Science is described.

Impact of the 2022 OSTP Memo: A Bibliometric Analysis of U.S. Federally Funded Publications, 2017-2021

On August 25, 2022, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) released a memo regarding public access to scientific research. Signed by Director Alondra Nelson, this updated guidance eliminated the 12-month embargo period on publications arising from U.S. federal funding that had been allowed from a previous 2013 OSTP memo. While reactions to this updated federal guidance have been plentiful, to date there has not been a detailed analysis of the publications which would fall under this new framework. The OSTP released a companion report along with the memo, but it only provided a broad estimate of total numbers affected per year. Therefore, this study seeks to more deeply investigate the characteristics of U.S. federally funded research over a 5-year period from 2017-2021 to better understand the updated guidance's impact. It uses a manually created custom filter in the Dimensions database to return only publications that arise from U.S. federal funding. Results show that an average of 265,000 articles were published each year that acknowledge U.S. federal funding agencies, and these research outputs are further examined by publisher, journal title, institutions, and Open Access status. Interactive versions of the plots are available online at https://ostp.lib.iastate.edu/.Comment: 27 pages, including Appendix. 11 figures, 6 table

Open Access –Towards a non-normative and systematic understanding

Taubert NC, Hobert A, Fraser N, Jahn N, Iravani E. Open Access –Towards a non-normative and systematic understanding. Submitted.The term Open Access not only describes a certain model of scholarly publishing – namely in digital format freely accessible to readers – but often also implies that free availability of research results is desirable, and hence has a normative character. Together with the large variety of presently used definitions of different Open Access types, this normativity hinders a systematic investigation of the development of open availability of scholarly literature. In this paper, we propose a non-normative definition of Open Access and its usage as a neutral, descriptive term in bibliometric studies and research on science. To this end, we first specify what normative figures are commonly associated with the term Open Access and then develop a neutral definition. We further identify distinguishing characteristics of openly accessible literature, called dimensions, and derive a classification scheme into Open Access categories based on these dimensions. Additionally, we present an operationalisation method to assign scientific publications to the respective categories in practice. Here, we describe useful data sources, which can be employed to gather the information needed for the classification of scholarly works according to the presented classification scheme

Diseño de un algoritmo de minería de texto para realizar análisis semántico de publicaciones científicas sobre sistemas ciber físicos

The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. (Take Action for the Sustainable Development Goals – United Nations Sustainable Development, n.d.), and knowing their actual state, it is crucial to be aware of where each country stands and what they must do in order to accomplish the 2030 agenda. Nowadays fields of science, technology and innovation are key drivers of economic growth and development, making target 9.5 “Increase research and upgrade industrial technologies” important to reduce inequality gaps in the world. In Colombia, the National Planning Department (DNP) reports the monitoring figures for the SDGs in the country and in the case of target 9.5, it is measure based on the results of bibliometric analysis of scientific publications reported by the Colombian Observatory of Science and Technology (OCyT). The current investigation aimed to carry out a semantic and bibliometric analysis of academic publications regarding cyber physical systems in the Scopus database from the period 2017 to 2019, which purpose is to compare the results between the two analyses. A total of 1075 articles were analyzed with the bibliometric software Vantage Point and then was compared with an algorithm of text mining that was able to analyze semantic content executed in Python. The bibliometric results show how in recent years the number of publications has been growing exponentially specially for countries of the first world such as United States or China where the R&B spending is bigger unlike third World Countries as Colombia were there are only 8 publications of open access in the last three years. To complement the study using the text mining algorithm it was able to identify for the three most important topics: Engineering, Computer Science and Material Science what researchers are most focus on is the subtopics Network Security, Internet of things, embedded systems and Manufacture. It is important to clarify that SDG 9.5 is always rated with all the publications made since 2015, however this study was limited for publications of open access about industry 4.0 with a focus on cyber physical systems (CPS).Ingeniero (a) IndustrialPregrad

Enhanced journals - a case study with general remarks

The Information Bulletin on Variable Stars - a small astronomy journal published in Hungary - was an early Open Access journal. Now it offers several enhanced features to its reader community. Relying on the rather unique publishing environment existing in the field of astronomy, and on software developed locally, this journal is markedly different from other enhanced journals in certain aspects. We explore the key features of enhanced and common electronic journals: reference linking, database connections, data linking, multi-media content, feedback from the reader community, quality control. We argue that while exploring new avenues of scientific publishing, one should conservatively preserve some traditional values and features. Some aspects of article disassembly - dealing with items smaller than the usual basic publication unit, the article - are explored too. Figures, for example, are article components which might be re-used, used outside the original context

Mining Images in Biomedical Publications: Detection and Analysis of Gel Diagrams

Authors of biomedical publications use gel images to report experimental results such as protein-protein interactions or protein expressions under different conditions. Gel images offer a concise way to communicate such findings, not all of which need to be explicitly discussed in the article text. This fact together with the abundance of gel images and their shared common patterns makes them prime candidates for automated image mining and parsing. We introduce an approach for the detection of gel images, and present a workflow to analyze them. We are able to detect gel segments and panels at high accuracy, and present preliminary results for the identification of gene names in these images. While we cannot provide a complete solution at this point, we present evidence that this kind of image mining is feasible.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1209.148