Support pour la reconfiguration d'implantation dans les applications à composants Java

De nombreux modèles de composants sont aujourd'hui utilisés à des fins variées : construction d'applications, d'intergiciels, ou encore de systèmes d'exploitation. Ces modèles permettent tous des reconfigurations de structure, c'est-à-dire des modifications de l'architecture de l'application. En revanche, peu permettent des reconfigurations d'implantation qui consistent à modifier dynamiquement le code des composants de l'application. Dans cet article nous présentons le travail que nous avons effectué dans JULIA, une implémentation Java du modèle FRACTAL, pour permettre le dynamisme d'implantation. Nous montrons comment les limitations du mécanisme de chargement de classes Java ont été contournées pour permettre de modifier les classes d'implémentation et d'interfaces des composants. Nous décrivons également l'intégration de notre proposition avec l'ADL de JULIA. –––––Nowadays, numerous component models are used for various purposes: to build applications, middleware or even operating systems. Those models commonly support structure reconfiguration, that is modification of application's architecture at runtime. On the other hand, very few allow implementation reconfiguration, that is runtime modification of the code of components building the application. In this article we present the work we performed on JULIA, a Java-based implementation of the FRACTAL component model, in order for it to support implementation reconfigurations. We show how we overcame the limitations of Java class loading mechanism to allow runtime modifications of components' implementation and interfaces. We also describe the integration of our solution with the JULIA ADL

Gender in Peacebuilding

This volume analyses how and to what effect gender shapes, and is shaped by, peacebuilding initiatives in relation to other social dynamics in the context of local peacebuilding initiatives in Indonesia and Nigeria.; Readership: Academic scholars and researchers, policymakers and development practitioners interested in international development policy, peacebuilding and gender and their effects on development, economic and political trends, and local development issues

Men, Masculinities and Water Powers in Irrigation

The aim of this article is to provide an informed plea for more explicitly identifying, naming and unravelling the linkages between water control and gender in irrigation. The fact that power, expertise and status in irrigation tend to have a strong masculine connotation is by now quite well established, and underlies calls for more women in water decision making, engineering education and professions. Yet, the questions of how and why water control, status and expertise are linked to masculinity, and of whether and how such links work to legitimize the exercise of power, are seldom asked. To date, associations between masculinity and professional water performance have largely been taken for granted and remained unexamined. The resulting perceived normalcy makes mechanisms of (gendered) power and politics in water appear self-evident, unchangeable, and indeed gender-neutral. The article reviews examples of the masculinity of irrigation in different domains to argue that exposing and challenging such hitherto hidden dimensions of (gendered) power is important for the identification of new avenues of gender progressive change, and for shedding a new and interesting light on the workings of power in water. KEYWORDS: Irrigation, water, gender, politics, masculinities, engineer

Scala Macros, a Technical Report

Metaprogramming is a powerful technique of software development, which allows to automate program generation. Applications of metaprogramming range from improving expressiveness of a programming language via deep embedding of domain-specific languages to boosting performance of produced code by providing programmer with finegrained control over compilation. In this report we introduce macros, facility that enables compile-time metaprogramming in the Scala programming language

Narrative Storytelling In VR Through Gaming

Gaming has consistently been acknowledged as a storytelling medium for its signature ability to provide user interaction. As virtual reality becomes a more prominent gaming environment, it will be expected to carry on the tradition of storytelling. Currently, virtual reality is in a state of infancy, where products offer little sophistication and serve as amusements rather than storytellers. As this changeover takes effect, there are certain discrepancies which will hinder a transition from flat screen gaming to virtual reality gaming. In order to create a successful narrative driven virtual reality game, these discrepancies must be addressed in a meaningful way. This thesis will also experiment with the aforementioned differences by developing a virtual reality game in Unreal Engine 4

Gender in Peacebuilding

This volume analyses how and to what effect gender shapes, and is shaped by, peacebuilding initiatives in relation to other social dynamics in the context of local peacebuilding initiatives in Indonesia and Nigeria.; Readership: Academic scholars and researchers, policymakers and development practitioners interested in international development policy, peacebuilding and gender and their effects on development, economic and political trends, and local development issues