177,391 research outputs found
New fermion discretizations and their applications
We review the recent progress in new lattice fermion formulations. We focus
on the following three types which have possibility of improving lattice
simulations. (1) Flavored-mass fermions are a generalization of Wilson fermions
with species-splitting mass terms. In particular, staggered-Wilson fermions
initiated by Adams have possibilities of reducing numerical costs in overlap
fermions and the influence of taste-breaking in staggered fermions. (2)
Central-branch Wilson fermions, in which additive mass renormalization is
forbidden by extra axial symmetry, could enable us to perform Wilson-fermion
lattice QCD without fine-tuning. (3) Minimally doubled fermions, which reduce
the number of species by species-dependent chemical potential terms, realizes a
ultra-local chiral fermion at the price of hypercubic symmetry. These setups
reveal unknown aspects of lattice fermions, and we obtain a deeper
understanding of lattice field theory.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, plenary talk presented at the 30th International
Symposium on Lattice Field Theory - Lattice 2012, June 24-29, 2012 Cairns,
Australi
Spin-1/2 fermions with attractive interaction in an optical lattice
We study attractive fermions in an optical lattice superimposed by a trapping
potential, such that fermions may form bosonic molecules. We map the model onto
nonlinear field equations depending on the Nambu-Gor'kov propagator. The
resulting field equations where solved numerically by a relaxation technique
that allowed us to calculate the inhomogeneous densities of fermions and
condensed molecules at zero temperature. When the interactions between fermions
are strong there is a competition between unbound fermions and bound molecules
leading to an unexpected reduction of the non-homogeneous density of fermions
at the center of the trap.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures; revise
The Sphaleron Barrier in the Presence of Fermions
We calculate the minimal energy path over the sphaleron barrier in the
pre\-sen\-ce of fermions, assuming that the fermions of a doublet are
degenerate in mass. This allows for spherically symmetric ans\"atze for the
fields, when the mixing angle dependence is neglected. While light fermions
have little influence on the barrier, the presence of heavy fermions ( TeV) strongly deforms the barrier, giving rise to additional sphalerons
for very heavy fermions ( 10 TeV). Heavy fermions form
non-topological solitons in the vacuum sector.Comment: 19 pages, latex, 18 figures in 3 seperate uuencoded postscript files
THU-93/1
An alternative to domain wall fermions
We define a sparse hermitian lattice Dirac matrix, , coupling Dirac
fermions. When fermions are integrated out the induced action for the last
fermion is a rational approximation to the hermitian overlap Dirac operator. We
provide rigorous bounds on the condition number of and compare them to
bounds for the higher dimensional Dirac operator of domain wall fermions. Our
main conclusion is that overlap fermions should be taken seriously as a
practical alternative to domain wall fermions in the context of numerical QCD.Comment: Revtex Latex, 26 pages, 1 figure, a few minor change
Large N Expansion for Strongly-coupled Boson-Fermion Mixtures
We study a many-body mixture of an equal number of bosons and two-component
fermions with a strong contact attraction. In this system bosons and fermions
can be paired into composite fermions. We construct a large N extension where
both bosons and fermions have the extra large N degrees of freedom and the
boson-fermion interaction is extended to a four-point contact interaction which
is invariant under the O(N) group transformation, so that the composite
fermions become singlet in terms of the O(N) group. It is shown that such O(N)
singlet fields have controllable quantum fluctuations suppressed by 1/N factors
and yield a systematic 1/N-expansion in terms of composite fermions. We derive
an effective action described by composite fermions up to the
next-to-leading-order terms in the large N expansion, and show that there can
be the BCS superfluidity of composite fermions at sufficiently low
temperatures.Comment: 26 pages, 11 figure
Fermion masses and quantum numbers from extra dimensions
We study the localization of fermions on a brane embedded in a space-time
with geometry. Quantum numbers of localized fermions are
associated with their rotation momenta around the brane. Fermions with
different quantum numbers have different higher-dimensional profiles. Fermion
masses and mixings, which are proportional to the overlap of higher-dimensional
profiles of the fermions, depend on the fermion quantum numbers.Comment: 14 page
- …