5 research outputs found
Exploration of Convolutional Neural Network Architectures for Large Region Map Automation
Deep learning semantic segmentation algorithms have provided improved
frameworks for the automated production of Land-Use and Land-Cover (LULC) maps,
which significantly increases the frequency of map generation as well as
consistency of production quality. In this research, a total of 28 different
model variations were examined to improve the accuracy of LULC maps. The
experiments were carried out using Landsat 5/7 or Landsat 8 satellite images
with the North American Land Change Monitoring System labels. The performance
of various CNNs and extension combinations were assessed, where VGGNet with an
output stride of 4, and modified U-Net architecture provided the best results.
Additional expanded analysis of the generated LULC maps was also provided.
Using a deep neural network, this work achieved 92.4% accuracy for 13 LULC
classes within southern Manitoba representing a 15.8% improvement over
published results for the NALCMS. Based on the large regions of interest,
higher radiometric resolution of Landsat 8 data resulted in better overall
accuracies (88.04%) compare to Landsat 5/7 (80.66%) for 16 LULC classes. This
represents an 11.44% and 4.06% increase in overall accuracy compared to
previously published NALCMS results, including larger land area and higher
number of LULC classes incorporated into the models compared to other published
LULC map automation methods
Memory Influences Visual Cognition across Multiple Functional States of Interactive Cortical Dynamics
No embargo requiredMemory supports a wide range of abilities from categorical perception to goal-directed behavior, such as decision-making and episodic recognition. Memory activates fast and surprisingly accurately and even when information is ambiguous or impoverished (i.e., showing object constancy). This paper proposes the multiple-state interactive (MUSI) account of object cognition that attempts to explain how sensory stimulation activates memory across multiple functional states of neural dynamics, including automatic and strategic mental simulation mechanisms that can ground cognition in modal information processing. A key novel postulate of this account is ‘multiple-function regional activity’: The same neuronal population can contribute to multiple brain states, depending upon the dominant set of inputs at that time. In state 1, the initial fast bottom-up pass through posterior neocortex happens between 95 ms and ~200 ms, with knowledge supporting categorical perception by 120 ms. In state 2, starting around 200 ms, a sustained state of iterative activation of object-sensitive cortex involves bottom-up, recurrent, and feedback interactions with frontoparietal cortex. This supports higher cognitive functions associated with decision-making even under ambiguous or impoverished conditions, phenomenological consciousness, and automatic mental simulation. In the latest state so far identified, state M, starting around 300 to 500 ms, large-scale cortical network interactions, including between multiple networks (e.g., control, salience, and especially default mode), further modulate posterior cortex. This supports elaborated cognition based on earlier processing, including episodic memory, strategic mental simulation, decision evaluation, creativity, and access consciousness. Convergent evidence is reviewed from cognitive neuroscience of object cognition, decision-making, memory, and mental imagery that support this account and define the brain regions and time course of these brain dynamics