Adaptation of domestic state governance to international governance models

The purpose of the article is to provide the evolving international trends of modern management models and authorial vision of model of state governance system in Ukraine, its subsystems, in particular, the system of provision of administrative services that is appropriate for the contemporary times. Methodology. On the basis of scientific and theoretical approaches to the definitions of terms “state governance” and “public governance”, there was an explanation of considerable difference between them and, taking into consideration, the mentality of Ukrainian society and peculiar weak side in self-organization, the authors offered to form authorial model of governance on the basis of historically traditional for Ukraine model of state governance and to add some elements of management concepts that proved their significance, efficiency and priority in practice. Results. The authors emphasized the following two prevailing modern management models in the international practice: “new state management” and “good governance”. The first concept offered for consideration served as a basis for the semantic content of state activity that reflects more the state of administrative reformation. Practical meaning. A practical introduction of management to the domestic model of governance creates the range of contradictions that do not allow implementing herein concept. Pursuant to authors, the second one allows in considerable measure to reform state governance, considering historically developed peculiarities of this model. Moreover, the involvement of concept herein into introduction of informational and communicational technologies in the process of governance eliminates the necessity of power decentralization, it allows to form real net structure and, at the same, to keep vertical power structure, to involve citizens for formation and taking of management decisions, to form electronic communicational channel of feedback, to provide citizens with electronic administrative services. All indicated advantages of the concept certify about the necessity to reform state governance exactly in this field. Meaning/ Distinction. This article raises a question about the significance of formation and sequence of state policy in Ukraine aimed at creating an information-oriented society, space, as well as informational and technological infrastructure

Net structure of subject-to-subject relations in the management of the system of administrative services provision

The purpose of the work is to form the net structure of management of the system of administrative services provision on the basis of implementation of subject-to-subject interactions between state sector and civil society. Methodology. The methodology basis for the investigation is the abstract-logical analysis of theoretical and methodological backgrounds for management of relations and interactions. For the theoretical generalization and formation of net structure, there are used scientific recommendations of Ukrainian scientists regarding the necessity to implement subject-to-subject relations in the system of administrative services provision. Results. The investigations allowed confirming that the hierarchical structure of the state governance system does not give an opportunity to implement equal interaction between a subject of provision and a subject of an appeal as these relations have one – way communication and the feedback channel has a formal character. Moreover, the civil society is not considered by state sector to be a source of methods and ways to develop the system of state governance, in particular, the management system of administrative services provision. Practical meaning. The net structure of management will allow implementing the subject-subject relations in the system, under which the actions of the subject of provision – that means state sector – will be directed to the realization of rights and interests of the subjects of appeal. In their turn, apart from the performance of all legislative responsibilities that they should perform, they can carry out activities directed to the development of management activity in the system of administrative services provision and the whole system of state governance as an integral system of management. Meaning/Distinction. The provided model of the net structure will allow involving citizens in the processes of state governance and increasing the impact of the civil sector during the making of state and management decisions and, as a result, to confirm subject-to-subject positions in the relations

Firm Segmentation as a Tool for R&D Policy Evaluation: Revisiting the Taxonomy of Firms Engaged in International R&D Networks

As we have addressed in an earlier article, quantitative evaluation of R&D policies often approaches the outcomes of initiatives without effectively considering differential impacts on economic agents. Our goal is to confirm the existence of “segments” of firms according to their outcomes arising from participation in a given R&D program. Data is gathered from Eureka Program’s Final Reports (2000-2005 and 2006-2008) from Spanish, Italian, French, British, and German firms. Classification focus is directed towards variables related to innovation projects’ outcomes. Log-likelihood clustering method was used. Tests for differences between clusters in terms of some variables of interest were performed. Results are consistent with the hypothesis of marked heterogeneity in firms’ outcomes. This methodology offers a valuable instrument for RTD policymakers in terms of monitoring and ex post intervention

CURRENT ISSUES AFFECTING TRADE AND TRADE POLICY: AN ANNOTATED LITERATURE REVIEW

This review provides a base of literature describing current issues and research on the impacts of lobalization and the industrialization of agriculture and recent approaches to analyze and model agricultural trade and trade policies. Three key factors of the survey are differentiated goods, global economic integration and international supply chain linkages. The review covers 182 publications, which are presented alphabetically by author with a brief annotation describing how it relates to the above criteria. The articles are also indexed by keyword. A brief summary highlights the documented literature and includes a series of issues for future discussion and research.International Relations/Trade,

What drives to succes? A contribution to the debate on international R&D cooperation policies. Identifying determinants of achievements through Eureka's firm level data, (200-2008)

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, leída el 18/10/2013La innovación presenta características crecientemente internacionales. Una estrategia de fundamental importancia en este escenario es la cooperación internacional en I+D. Para las empresas, esta estrategia representa la oportunidad de alcanzar niveles más altos de eficiencia, reducción de costes y riesgos en actividades innovadoras, además de acceso a conocimientos existentes fuera de la estructura tradicional de las firmas. Sin embargo, las relaciones entre agentes de distintos países añaden complejidad a los procesos gerenciales, lo que pone de manifiesto la necesidad de mejores estructuras de coordinación entre las empresas debido a la presencia de costes de transacción adicionales (idioma, contexto institucional, etc.). En el contexto europeo, esfuerzos son dirigidos a la organización de un Sistema de Innovación integrado en el continente, favoreciendo relaciones internacionales entre miembros de la Unión Europea. Esta situación plantea la necesidad de investigaciones continuadas de las iniciativas existentes con el objetivo de mejorar la capacidad competitiva del bloque. Asimismo, nuestro enfoque dedica especial atención al caso del Sistema Nacional de Innovación español, uno de los más grandes en términos económicos en Europa, pero en una condición rezagada en la UE. La propuesta se define en identificar los factores determinantes de los logros empresariales basados en tres dimensiones: Microeconómica, Contextual y Macroeconómica. Además, hemos creado un abordaje para determinar patrones de conducta de las empresas de acuerdo con sus resultados, proponiendo una estructura de análisis para la evaluación de políticas de innovación. La estrategia metodológica para abordar estos temas está basada en la construcción de modelos regresivos logísticos, buscando verificar los determinantes de éxito en términos tecnológicos y mercadológicos (obtenidos y esperados). Datos para los análisis provienen de los cuestionarios de fin de proyecto del Programa Eureka (2000-2005 y 2006-2008) para España (enfoque principal), Italia, Francia, Reino Unido y Alemania (efectos de comparación). Los resultados indican la importancia fundamental de la Dimensión Contextual. El Sistema Nacional de Innovación tiene una relevancia marginal (Dimensión Macroeconómica), y las características de las empresas no parecen tener influencia en los resultados de los proyectos de cooperación internacional en I+D. Estos resultados ponen énfasis en los aspectos de coordinación de las redes internacionales de innovación considerando sus impactos sobre los resultados alcanzados. La falta de significación estadística de las variables de la Dimensión Microeconómica como un determinante de los logros empresariales tiene implicaciones para el uso de metodologías cuasi-experimentales en la evaluación de efectividad de políticas de innovación. Algunos patrones de rendimiento fueron identificados a través de conglomerados agrupados por log-verosimilitud (log likelihood clusters). Los resultados confirman los patrones sugeridos por Fischer y Molero (2012): Inventors, Consistent Innovators y Risky Innovators. Son presentadas implicaciones para el caso español, donde la cooperación internacional en I+D aparece como una estrategia fundamental para un desarrollo sostenido de las empresas que hacen parte del Sistema Nacional de Innovación de España. ABSTRACT. Innovation is increasingly becoming an internationalized process. A strategy that has recently been playing a central role in this regard is that of R&D collaboration. In the case of firms this is mainly driven by the search of more efficient operations, reduced costs and risks of innovative activities, as well as access to pools of knowledge available outside the traditional organizational boundaries. However, relationships among firms increase complexity of managerial processes, thus evidencing the need for closer coordination between agents, which is expected to be even more complex when these connections happen between companies from different nations, provided that there are additional transaction costs involved, e.g., language, institutional settings, etc. In the European context, efforts have been made towards organizing an integrated Innovation System across the continent, favoring international linkages within the European Union. This situation poses a need for specialized research to focus on the improvement of such initiatives to strengthen the bloc’s competitiveness. Moreover, we stress the case of the Spanish Innovation System, one of the largest economies of the European Union with an Innovation System that occupies a relatively laggard position in the EU. The approach undertaken in this dissertation focuses on determining the influential aspects of firms’ results, which are expected to lie on three fundamental dimensions: Microeconomic, Contextual (project-specific), and Macroeconomic. Furthermore, behavioral patterns regarding firms’ outcomes are assessed, aiming at providing policymakers with workable information for programs’ evaluation and improvement. To cope with these goals we develop logistic regressions to identify determinants of success in terms of: a) technological outcomes; b) market achievements; and c) future expected accomplishments. Data is gathered from Eureka’s Final Reports (2000-2005 and 2006-2008) from Spain (research focus), Italy, France, United Kingdom, and Germany (benchmark countries). Results highlight the core importance of the Contextual Dimension, whereas the National Innovation System to which a given firm belongs has marginal relevance (Macroeconomic Dimension), and firms’ characteristics (Microeconomic Dimension) do not seem to be related to projects’ achievements. This puts special emphasis on the fundamental role played by network coordination. The lack of significance of the Microeconomic Dimension as a determinant of achievements poses some implications for the use of quasi-experimental methodologies in assessing the effectiveness of innovation policies. Behavioral patterns were identified through log-likelihood clusters. Results confirm trends suggested by Fischer and Molero (2012), where firms fall under three categories: Inventors, Consistent Innovators, and Risky Innovators. Implications for the specific case of Spain are offered, where international R&D cooperation seems to be a fundamental strategy for sustainable development of firms located in this particular country.Depto. de Economía Aplicada, Estructura e HistoriaFac. de Ciencias Económicas y EmpresarialesTRUEunpu

Transformation of international economic relations: modern challenges, risks, opportunities and prospects: collective monograph

The authors of the book have come to the conclusion that it is necessary to effectively use the methodological tools for assessing the competitiveness of financial and insurance markets, methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of regional policy, internal audit of resources. Basic research is aimed at researching the main trends in the international economy, socialization of global economic development, investment aspects of development countries, functioning of consumer market in the international economic system, trends of international population migration, processes of European integration in the field of energy efficiency. The research results have been implemented in the different models of the behavior of the economic system in the conditions of crisis, provision competitiveness of national economy in the face of increasing burden of public debt. The results of the study can be used in decision-making at the level of international business, ministries and departments that regulate international relations, ensuring security and overcoming risks. The results can also be used by students and young scientists in modern concepts of the formation of international economic relations in the context of strengthening European integration processes and globalization of the economy

Proceedings from the ECFIN Workshop "The budgetary implications of structural reforms" - Brussels, 2 December 2005

Most of the reforms discussed within the framework of the Lisbon strategy will benefit public finances in the long term. However, in the short-term, there could a trade-off between some structural reforms and budgetary discipline. This possible tension between reforms and fiscal discipline was identified by academic economists as a possible drawback of the Stability and Growth Pact since its inception.budgetary discipline, Stability and Growth Pact, Lisbon strategy, fiscal discipline, Deroose, Flores, Turrini

Unmet goals of tracking: within-track heterogeneity of students' expectations for

Educational systems are often characterized by some form(s) of ability grouping, like tracking. Although substantial variation in the implementation of these practices exists, it is always the aim to improve teaching efficiency by creating homogeneous groups of students in terms of capabilities and performances as well as expected pathways. If students’ expected pathways (university, graduate school, or working) are in line with the goals of tracking, one might presume that these expectations are rather homogeneous within tracks and heterogeneous between tracks. In Flanders (the northern region of Belgium), the educational system consists of four tracks. Many students start out in the most prestigious, academic track. If they fail to gain the necessary credentials, they move to the less esteemed technical and vocational tracks. Therefore, the educational system has been called a 'cascade system'. We presume that this cascade system creates homogeneous expectations in the academic track, though heterogeneous expectations in the technical and vocational tracks. We use data from the International Study of City Youth (ISCY), gathered during the 2013-2014 school year from 2354 pupils of the tenth grade across 30 secondary schools in the city of Ghent, Flanders. Preliminary results suggest that the technical and vocational tracks show more heterogeneity in student’s expectations than the academic track. If tracking does not fulfill the desired goals in some tracks, tracking practices should be questioned as tracking occurs along social and ethnic lines, causing social inequality

Management of socio-economic transformations of business processes: current realities, global challenges, forecast scenarios and development prospects

The authors of the scientific monograph have come to the conclusion that мanagement of socio-economic transformations of business processes requires the use of mechanisms to support of entrepreneurship, sectors of the national economy, the financial system, and critical infrastructure. Basic research focuses on assessment the state of social service provision, analysing economic security, implementing innovation and introducing digital technologies. The research results have been implemented in the different models of costing, credit risk and capital management, tax control, use of artificial intelligence and blockchain. The results of the study can be used in the developing of policies, programmes and strategies for economic security, development of the agricultural sector, transformation of industrial policy, implementation of employment policy in decision-making at the level of ministries and agencies that regulate the management of socio-economic and European integration processes. The results can also be used by students and young scientists in the educational process and conducting scientific research on global challenges and creation scenarios for the development of socio-economic processes