191 research outputs found
Integrating passive ubiquitous surfaces into human-computer interaction
Mobile technologies enable people to interact with computers ubiquitously. This dissertation investigates how ordinary, ubiquitous surfaces can be integrated into human-computer interaction to extend the interaction space beyond the edge of the display. It turns out that acoustic and tactile features generated during an interaction can be combined to identify input events, the user, and the surface. In addition, it is shown that a heterogeneous distribution of different surfaces is particularly suitable for realizing versatile interaction modalities. However, privacy concerns must be considered when selecting sensors, and context can be crucial in determining whether and what interaction to perform.Mobile Technologien ermöglichen den Menschen eine allgegenwĂ€rtige Interaktion mit Computern. Diese Dissertation untersucht, wie gewöhnliche, allgegenwĂ€rtige OberflĂ€chen in die Mensch-Computer-Interaktion integriert werden können, um den Interaktionsraum ĂŒber den Rand des Displays hinaus zu erweitern. Es stellt sich heraus, dass akustische und taktile Merkmale, die wĂ€hrend einer Interaktion erzeugt werden, kombiniert werden können, um Eingabeereignisse, den Benutzer und die OberflĂ€che zu identifizieren. DarĂŒber hinaus wird gezeigt, dass eine heterogene Verteilung verschiedener OberflĂ€chen besonders geeignet ist, um vielfĂ€ltige InteraktionsmodalitĂ€ten zu realisieren. Bei der Auswahl der Sensoren mĂŒssen jedoch Datenschutzaspekte berĂŒcksichtigt werden, und der Kontext kann entscheidend dafĂŒr sein, ob und welche Interaktion durchgefĂŒhrt werden soll
The architectural nature of the illustrated books of Iliazd : (Ilia Zdanevich, 1894-1975)
Cette thĂšse propose lâapplication de la conception de la promenade architecturale Ă une sĂ©lection de quatre livres qui ont Ă©tĂ© conçus et produits par Iliazd (Ilia Zdanevitch, 1894-1975, nĂ© Ă Tiflis, en la GĂ©orgie). Les quatre livres sont Pismo (1948), PoĂ©sie de mots inconnus (1949), Chevaux de minuit (1956), et Le Courtisan grotesque (1974). Toutes les Ă©ditions dâIliazd avaient des structures soigneusement conçues et aussi des intĂ©grations de textes imprimĂ©s et dâĂ©lĂ©ments gravĂ©s, au contraire des designs gĂ©nĂ©riques de ses contemporains, mais chacun de ces quatre livres prĂ©sentent aussi des variations successives de pliages atypiques. Les structures expĂ©rimentales de ces livres demandent considĂ©ration comme des constructions architecturales, qui a Ă©tĂ© reconnue par les spĂ©cialistes. Les architectoniques complexes des livres exigent un vocabulaire critique du genre suggĂ©rĂ© par la promenade architecturale de Le Corbusier, qui a Ă©tĂ© proposĂ©e comme la base pour les structures de ses bĂątiments. En effet, la promenade architecturale affirme une chaĂźne dâĂ©vĂ©nements qui dirige lâexplorateur de ses Ă©difices aux pointes de perspective successives, lesquelles prĂ©sentent des vues internes et externes pendant lâascension de lâentrĂ©e jusquâau toit.
Flora Samuel a Ă©crit une monographie (The Elements of Le Corbusierâs Architectural Promenade, 2010), dans laquelle elle propose cinq Ă©tapes pour la promenade. Des modifications de ses Ă©tapes sont utilisĂ©es par cette Ă©tude, altĂ©rĂ©es pour la transition dâun bĂątiment Ă un livre. Ces Ă©tapes, dont certaines sont descriptives et certaines analytiques, tant quâelles soient prĂ©sentĂ©es comme lâexpĂ©rience probable dâun spectateur gĂ©nĂ©ral, sont basĂ©es sur ma connaissance personnelle de tous les dĂ©tails des structures de ces livres. Ces structures complexes, mĂȘme fascinantes, ne sont pas le but, mais plutĂŽt le soutien habilitant dâune expĂ©rience esthĂ©tique individuelle. Cette Ă©tude affirme que la promenade architecturale illumine lâexpĂ©rience de la conception unique dâIliazd du livre illustrĂ©, permettant une apprĂ©ciation sans prĂ©cĂ©dent de leur complexitĂ©.This dissertation proposes the application of Le Corbusierâs conception of the architectural promenade to a selection of four distinctive illustrated books conceived and produced by Iliazd (Ilia Zdanevich, 1894-1975, born Tiflis, Georgia). The four books examined in this study are Pismo (1948), PoĂ©sie de mots inconnus (1949), Chevaux de minuit (1956), and Le Courtisan grotesque (1974). While all of Iliazdâs editions featured carefully conceived structures and integrations of typeset texts and engraved elements, as opposed to the largely generic designs of his contemporaries, each of these four books in particular presents successive variations of atypical page foldings. The experimental structures of these books allow for their justifiable designation as architectural constructions, as scholars have previously recognized. The complex architectonics of the books demands a critical vocabulary of the kind Le Corbusierâs architectural promenade, which has been broadly proposed as the basis for the structures of his buildings, provides. The architectural promenade in effect asserts a chain of elements which guide the explorer of Le Corbusierâs buildings to successive perspective points, which present views of internal and external spaces during an ascent from entry level to rooftop.
Flora Samuel wrote a monograph (The Elements of Le Corbusierâs Architectural Promenade, 2010) in which she proposed five stages for the promenade. Modifications of her stages are used for the present study, altered for the transition from building to book. These stages, some of which are descriptive and some analytical, while presented as the likely experience of a general viewer, are based on my individual understanding of all the details of the structures of these books. The complex structures, while fascinating, are not an end in themselves, but rather the enabling support of an individual aesthetic experience. This study asserts that the architectural promenade illuminates the experience of Iliazdâs unique conception of the illustrated book, enabling a hitherto unparalleled appreciation of their complexity
Pattern Recognition
A wealth of advanced pattern recognition algorithms are emerging from the interdiscipline between technologies of effective visual features and the human-brain cognition process. Effective visual features are made possible through the rapid developments in appropriate sensor equipments, novel filter designs, and viable information processing architectures. While the understanding of human-brain cognition process broadens the way in which the computer can perform pattern recognition tasks. The present book is intended to collect representative researches around the globe focusing on low-level vision, filter design, features and image descriptors, data mining and analysis, and biologically inspired algorithms. The 27 chapters coved in this book disclose recent advances and new ideas in promoting the techniques, technology and applications of pattern recognition
Change blindness: eradication of gestalt strategies
Arrays of eight, texture-defined rectangles were used as stimuli in a one-shot change blindness (CB) task where there was a 50% chance that one rectangle would change orientation between two successive presentations separated by an interval. CB was eliminated by cueing the target rectangle in the first stimulus, reduced by cueing in the interval and unaffected by cueing in the second presentation. This supports the idea that a representation was formed that persisted through the interval before being 'overwritten' by the second presentation (Landman et al, 2003 Vision Research 43149â164]. Another possibility is that participants used some kind of grouping or Gestalt strategy. To test this we changed the spatial position of the rectangles in the second presentation by shifting them along imaginary spokes (by ±1 degree) emanating from the central fixation point. There was no significant difference seen in performance between this and the standard task [F(1,4)=2.565, p=0.185]. This may suggest two things: (i) Gestalt grouping is not used as a strategy in these tasks, and (ii) it gives further weight to the argument that objects may be stored and retrieved from a pre-attentional store during this task
Non-Visual Representation of Complex Documents for Use in Digital Talking Books
Essential written information such as text books, bills, and catalogues needs to be accessible by everyone. However, access is not always available to vision-impaired people. As they require electronic documents to be available in specific formats. In order to address the accessibility issues of electronic documents, this research aims to design an affordable, portable, standalone and simple to use complete reading system that will convert and describe complex components in electronic documents to print disabled users
Behavioural biometric identification based on human computer interaction
As we become increasingly dependent on information systems, personal identification and profiling systems have received an increasing interest, either for reasons of personali- sation or security. Biometric profiling is one means of identification which can be achieved by analysing something the user is or does (e.g., a fingerprint, signature, face, voice). This Ph.D. research focuses on behavioural biometrics, a subset of biometrics that is concerned with the patterns of conscious or unconscious behaviour of a person, involving their style, preference, skills, knowledge, motor-skills in any domain. In this work I explore the cre- ation of user profiles to be applied in dynamic user identification based on the biometric pat- terns observed during normal Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) by continuously logging and tracking the corresponding computer events. Unlike most of the biometrics systems that need special hardware devices (e.g. finger print reader), HCI-based identification sys- tems can be implemented using regular input devices (mouse or keyboard) and they do not require the user to perform specific tasks to train the system. Specifically, three components are studied in-depth: mouse dynamics, keystrokes dynamics and GUI based user behaviour. In this work I will describe my research on HCI-based behavioural biometrics, discuss the features and models I proposed for each component along with the result of experiments. In addition, I will describe the methodology and datasets I gathered using my LoggerMan application that has been developed specifically to passively gather behavioural biometric data for evaluation. Results show that normal Human-Computer Interaction reveals behavioural information with discriminative power sufficient to be used for user modelling for identification purposes
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'A New Type of Part Writing': Notation and Performance in Beethoven's Late String Quartets
Beethovenâs late string quartets are among his most extraordinary and elusive works. A source of fascination to performers, audiences and scholars alike for nearly two centuries, they are defined by an aesthetic of âdifficultyâ. This thesis argues that one crucial source of difficulty lies in Beethovenâs eccentric uses of notation in the quartets â a difficulty that has had profound implications for the future study and performance of the works. Mirroring the stylistic pluralities of the late quartets themselves, issues of notation and performance are explored through a variety of methodologies, drawn from the digital humanities, Peircean semiotics, anthropology and critical theory. Although the late quartets are the central impetus, this thesis is ultimately about the relational nature of creativity. It conceives of notation not as a textual codification of the composerâs intentions, a private act of composition in the mind, but rather as a mediating material that describes, enacts, engenders, and is dependent upon, social activity.
Using Wagnerâs notion of Beethovenâs âHearing Eyesâ, Chapter 1 considers the influences of Beethovenâs material, writerly approach to composition in his later years and the peculiarly textual emphasis of the quartetsâ early reception. Through an analogy with maps and scores, it highlights the importance of considering notation from the perspective of individual performersâ parts. Chapter 2 situates the notational complexity of the late quartets within Beethovenâs entire output through the use of computational methods and statistical analysis. In contrast, Chapter 3 maps a networked understanding of Beethovenâs notation and explores its inextricable entanglement in the social, political and technological currents of 1820s Vienna. Using Alfred Gellâs theory of art and agency, Chapter 4 extends this network to include non-human actors and examines the different âmaterial livesâ of the string quartets, both past and present. Ethnographic methods and the insights of twenty-first-century performers are employed to situate this material agency in practice in Chapter 5. The final chapter engages Theodor Adornoâs seminal work on Beethovenâs late style to mediate a very personal source of insight into the unique difficulties of the late quartets: my own, as performer, scholar and listener
PAPIERCRAFT: A PAPER-BASED INTERFACE TO SUPPORT INTERACTION WITH DIGITAL DOCUMENTS
Many researchers extensively interact with documents using both computers and paper printouts, which provide an opposite set of supports. Paper is comfortable to read from and write on, and it is flexible to be arranged in space; computers provide an efficient way to archive, transfer, search, and edit information. However, due to the gap between the two media, it is difficult to seamlessly integrate them together to optimize the user's experience of document interaction.
Existing solutions either sacrifice inherent paper flexibility or support very limited digital functionality on paper. In response, we have proposed PapierCraft, a novel paper-based interface that supports rich digital facilities on paper without sacrificing paper's flexibility. By employing the emerging digital pen technique and multimodal pen-top feedback, PapierCraft allows people to use a digital pen to draw gesture marks on a printout, which are captured, interpreted, and applied to the corresponding digital copy. Conceptually, the pen and the paper form a paper-based computer, able to interact with other paper sheets and computing devices for operations like copy/paste, hyperlinking, and web searches. Furthermore, it retains the full range of paper advantages through the light-weighted, pen-paper-only interface. By combining the advantages of paper and digital media and by supporting the smooth transition between them, PapierCraft bridges the paper-computer gap.
The contributions of this dissertation focus on four respects. First, to accommodate the static nature of paper, we proposed a pen-gesture command system that does not rely on screen-rendered feedback, but rather on the self-explanatory pen ink left on the paper. Second, for more interactive tasks, such as searching for keywords on paper, we explored pen-top multimodal (e.g. auditory, visual, and tactile) feedback that enhances the command system without sacrificing the inherent paper flexibility. Third, we designed and implemented a multi-tier distributed infrastructure to map pen-paper interactions to digital operations and to unify document interaction on paper and on computers. Finally, we systematically evaluated PapierCraft through three lab experiments and two application deployments in the areas of field biology and e-learning. Our research has demonstrated the feasibility, usability, and potential applications of the paper-based interface, shedding light on the design of the future interface for digital document interaction. More generally, our research also contributes to ubiquitous computing, mobile interfaces, and pen-computing
Collected Papers (Neutrosophics and other topics), Volume XIV
This fourteenth volume of Collected Papers is an eclectic tome of 87 papers in Neutrosophics and other fields, such as mathematics, fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, picture fuzzy sets, information fusion, robotics, statistics, or extenics, comprising 936 pages, published between 2008-2022 in different scientific journals or currently in press, by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 99 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 26 countries: Ahmed B. Al-Nafee, Adesina Abdul Akeem Agboola, Akbar Rezaei, Shariful Alam, Marina Alonso, Fran Andujar, Toshinori Asai, Assia Bakali, Azmat Hussain, Daniela Baran, Bijan Davvaz, Bilal Hadjadji, Carlos DĂaz Bohorquez, Robert N. Boyd, M. Caldas, Cenap Ăzel, Pankaj Chauhan, Victor Christianto, Salvador Coll, Shyamal Dalapati, Irfan Deli, Balasubramanian Elavarasan, Fahad Alsharari, Yonfei Feng, Daniela GĂźfu, Rafael Rojas GualdrĂłn, Haipeng Wang, Hemant Kumar Gianey, Noel Batista HernĂĄndez, Abdel-Nasser Hussein, Ibrahim M. Hezam, Ilanthenral Kandasamy, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Muthusamy Karthika, Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa, Madad Khan, Kifayat Ullah, Valeri Kroumov, Tapan Kumar Roy, Deepesh Kunwar, Le Thi Nhung, Pedro LĂłpez, Mai Mohamed, Manh Van Vu, Miguel A. Quiroz-MartĂnez, Marcel Migdalovici, Kritika Mishra, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Mohamed Talea, Mohammad Hamidi, Mohammed Alshumrani, Mohamed Loey, Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Shabir, Mumtaz Ali, Nassim Abbas, Munazza Naz, Ngan Thi Roan, Nguyen Xuan Thao, Rishwanth Mani Parimala, Ion PÄtraÈcu, Surapati Pramanik, Quek Shio Gai, Qiang Guo, Rajab Ali Borzooei, Nimitha Rajesh, JesĂșs Estupiñan Ricardo, Juan Miguel MartĂnez Rubio, Saeed Mirvakili, Arsham Borumand Saeid, Saeid Jafari, Said Broumi, Ahmed A. Salama, Nirmala Sawan, Gheorghe SÄvoiu, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Seok-Zun Song, Shahzaib Ashraf, Jayant Singh, Rajesh Singh, Son Hoang Le, Tahir Mahmood, Kenta Takaya, Mirela Teodorescu, Ramalingam Udhayakumar, Maikel Y. Leyva VĂĄzquez, V. Venkateswara Rao, Luige VlÄdÄreanu, Victor VlÄdÄreanu, Gabriela VlÄdeanu, Michael Voskoglou, Yaser Saber, Yong Deng, You He, Youcef Chibani, Young Bae Jun, Wadei F. Al-Omeri, Hongbo Wang, Zayen Azzouz Omar
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