Polarization behaviour of on-body communication channels at 2.45 GHz

The advent of body worn devices and the use of them for a wide range of applications, from entertainment to military purposes, indicate the need to investigate to the behaviour of antennas and wave propagation on the body in depth. Knowledge and understanding and of the on-body channel can lead to the design of efficient antennas and systems for wearable devices. The objective of this work is to identify the propagation mechanism on the body for different polarisation states at 2.45 GHz. In particular, the effect of the body on the antenna performance with normal and parallel polarisation is studied and their capability in launching surface waves is evaluated. It is shown that both vertically and horizontally polarised antennas can launch a transverse magnetic (TM) Norton surface wave mode regardless of their polarisation states. However, horizontally polarised antennas do not launch the wave as strongly as vertically polarised antennas. Also, the change in the far field and near field behaviour of the antennas such as a dipole in proximity to the body is investigated and the observations lead to the design of a novel surface wave parasitic array. This new antenna is directive and can increase the path gain by almost 10 dB compared to other planar antennas. In addition, the effect of the polarization of the antenna on channel path gain is studied and channel cross polarization discrimination is quantified, using both simulation and measurement.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Introduction to Migration Studies

This open access textbook provides an introduction to theories, concepts and methodological approaches concerning various facets of migration and migration-related diversities. It starts with an introduction to migration studies and continues with an introductory reading of migration drivers, migration infrastructures, migration flows, and several transversal topics such as gender and migration. It also covers politics, policies and governance as well as specific research methods. As an interactive guide, this book develops an innovative format that brings a connection with various online sources. This means that whereas the chapters bring together literature in a coherent way, they are also connected to IMISCOE's online interactive Migration Research Hub for further reading and for more empirical material on migration and diversity. As such, this textbook provides a very useful introductory reading for undergraduate and graduate students as well as for policymakers, policy advisors, and all those interested in studies on migration and migration-related diversities

European cinema: face to face with Hollywood

In the face of renewed competition from Hollywood since the early 1980s and the challenges posed to Europe's national cinemas by the fall of the Wall in 1989, independent filmmaking in Europe has begun to re-invent itself. European Cinema: Face to Face with Hollywood re-assesses the different debates and presents a broader framework for understanding the forces at work since the 1960s. These include the interface of "world cinema" and the rise of Asian cinemas, the importance of the international film festival circuit, the role of television, as well as the changing aesthetics of auteur cinema. New audiences have different allegiances, and new technologies enable networks to reshape identities, but European cinema still has an important function in setting critical and creative agendas, even as its economic and institutional bases are in transition

Bowdoin Orient v.139, no.1-26 (2009-2010)

https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/bowdoinorient-2010s/1000/thumbnail.jp