5,963 research outputs found
Viewpoints: A high-performance high-dimensional exploratory data analysis tool
Scientific data sets continue to increase in both size and complexity. In the
past, dedicated graphics systems at supercomputing centers were required to
visualize large data sets, but as the price of commodity graphics hardware has
dropped and its capability has increased, it is now possible, in principle, to
view large complex data sets on a single workstation. To do this in practice,
an investigator will need software that is written to take advantage of the
relevant graphics hardware. The Viewpoints visualization package described
herein is an example of such software. Viewpoints is an interactive tool for
exploratory visual analysis of large, high-dimensional (multivariate) data. It
leverages the capabilities of modern graphics boards (GPUs) to run on a single
workstation or laptop. Viewpoints is minimalist: it attempts to do a small set
of useful things very well (or at least very quickly) in comparison with
similar packages today. Its basic feature set includes linked scatter plots
with brushing, dynamic histograms, normalization and outlier detection/removal.
Viewpoints was originally designed for astrophysicists, but it has since been
used in a variety of fields that range from astronomy, quantum chemistry, fluid
dynamics, machine learning, bioinformatics, and finance to information
technology server log mining. In this article, we describe the Viewpoints
package and show examples of its usage.Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, PASP in press, this version corresponds more
closely to that to be publishe
Shape: A 3D Modeling Tool for Astrophysics
We present a flexible interactive 3D morpho-kinematical modeling application
for astrophysics. Compared to other systems, our application reduces the
restrictions on the physical assumptions, data type and amount that is required
for a reconstruction of an object's morphology. It is one of the first publicly
available tools to apply interactive graphics to astrophysical modeling. The
tool allows astrophysicists to provide a-priori knowledge about the object by
interactively defining 3D structural elements. By direct comparison of model
prediction with observational data, model parameters can then be automatically
optimized to fit the observation. The tool has already been successfully used
in a number of astrophysical research projects.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in the "IEEE
Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
DoF-NeRF: Depth-of-Field Meets Neural Radiance Fields
Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) and its variants have exhibited great success on
representing 3D scenes and synthesizing photo-realistic novel views. However,
they are generally based on the pinhole camera model and assume all-in-focus
inputs. This limits their applicability as images captured from the real world
often have finite depth-of-field (DoF). To mitigate this issue, we introduce
DoF-NeRF, a novel neural rendering approach that can deal with shallow DoF
inputs and can simulate DoF effect. In particular, it extends NeRF to simulate
the aperture of lens following the principles of geometric optics. Such a
physical guarantee allows DoF-NeRF to operate views with different focus
configurations. Benefiting from explicit aperture modeling, DoF-NeRF also
enables direct manipulation of DoF effect by adjusting virtual aperture and
focus parameters. It is plug-and-play and can be inserted into NeRF-based
frameworks. Experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets show that,
DoF-NeRF not only performs comparably with NeRF in the all-in-focus setting,
but also can synthesize all-in-focus novel views conditioned on shallow DoF
inputs. An interesting application of DoF-NeRF to DoF rendering is also
demonstrated. The source code will be made available at
https://github.com/zijinwuzijin/DoF-NeRF.Comment: Accepted by ACMMM 202
Design and operation of the wide angular-range chopper spectrometer ARCS at the Spallation Neutron Source
The wide angular-range chopper spectrometer ARCS at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is optimized to provide a high neutron flux at the sample position with a large solid angle of detector coverage. The instrument incorporates modern neutron instrumentation, such as an elliptically focused neutron guide, high speed magnetic bearing choppers, and a massive array of ^3He linear position sensitive detectors. Novel features of the spectrometer include the use of a large gate valve between the sample and detector vacuum chambers and the placement of the detectors within the vacuum, both of which provide a window-free final flight path to minimize background scattering while allowing rapid changing of the sample and sample environment equipment. ARCS views the SNS decoupled ambient temperature water moderator, using neutrons with incident energy typically in the range from 15 to 1500 meV. This range, coupled with the large detector coverage, allows a wide variety of studies of excitations in condensed matter, such as lattice dynamics and magnetism, in both powder and single-crystal samples. Comparisons of early results to both analytical and Monte Carlo simulation of the instrument performance demonstrate that the instrument is operating as expected and its neutronic performance is understood. ARCS is currently in the SNS user program and continues to improve its scientific productivity by incorporating new instrumentation to increase the range of science covered and improve its effectiveness in data collection
System integration report
Several areas that arise from the system integration issue were examined. Intersystem analysis is discussed as it relates to software development, shared data bases and interfaces between TEMPUS and PLAID, shaded graphics rendering systems, object design (BUILD), the TEMPUS animation system, anthropometric lab integration, ongoing TEMPUS support and maintenance, and the impact of UNIX and local workstations on the OSDS environment
Adjustable Visual Appearance for Generalizable Novel View Synthesis
We present a generalizable novel view synthesis method where it is possible
to modify the visual appearance of rendered views to match a target weather or
lighting condition. Our method is based on a generalizable transformer
architecture, trained on synthetically generated scenes under different
appearance conditions. This allows for rendering novel views in a consistent
manner of 3D scenes that were not included in the training set, along with the
ability to (i) modify their appearance to match the target condition and (ii)
smoothly interpolate between different conditions. Experiments on both real and
synthetic scenes are provided including both qualitative and quantitative
evaluations. Please refer to our project page for video results:
https://ava-nvs.github.io
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