16,615 research outputs found
Numerical implementation of some reweighted path integral methods
The reweighted random series techniques provide finite-dimensional
approximations to the quantum density matrix of a physical system that have
fast asymptotic convergence. We study two special reweighted techniques that
are based upon the Levy-Ciesielski and Wiener-Fourier series, respectively. In
agreement with the theoretical predictions, we demonstrate by numerical
examples that the asymptotic convergence of the two reweighted methods is cubic
for smooth enough potentials. For each reweighted technique, we propose some
minimalist quadrature techniques for the computation of the path averages.
These quadrature techniques are designed to preserve the asymptotic convergence
of the original methods.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, submitted to JC
Multivariate NIR studies of seed-water interaction in Scots Pine Seeds (Pinus sylvestris L.)
This thesis describes seed-water interaction using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, multivariate regression models and Scots pine seeds. The presented research covers classification of seed viability, prediction of seed moisture content, selection of NIR wavelengths and interpretation of seed-water interaction modelled and analysed by principal component analysis, ordinary least squares (OLS), partial least squares (PLS), bi-orthogonal least squares (BPLS) and genetic algorithms. The potential of using multivariate NIR calibration models for seed classification was demonstrated using filled viable and non-viable seeds that could be separated with an accuracy of 98-99%. It was also shown that multivariate NIR calibration models gave low errors (0.7% and 1.9%) in prediction of seed moisture content for bulk seed and single seeds, respectively, using either NIR reflectance or transmittance spectroscopy. Genetic algorithms selected three to eight wavelength bands in the NIR region and these narrow bands gave about the same prediction of seed moisture content (0.6% and 1.7%) as using the whole NIR interval in the PLS regression models. The selected regions were simulated as NIR filters in OLS regression resulting in predictions of the same quality (0.7 % and 2.1%). This finding opens possibilities to apply NIR sensors in fast and simple spectrometers for the determination of seed moisture content. Near infrared (NIR) radiation interacts with overtones of vibrating bonds in polar molecules. The resulting spectra contain chemical and physical information. This offers good possibilities to measure seed-water interactions, but also to interpret processes within seeds. It is shown that seed-water interaction involves both transitions and changes mainly in covalent bonds of O-H, C-H, C=O and N-H emanating from ongoing physiological processes like seed respiration and protein metabolism. I propose that BPLS analysis that has orthonormal loadings and orthogonal scores giving the same predictions as using conventional PLS regression, should be used as a standard to harmonise the interpretation of NIR spectra
Effect of mixing and spatial dimension on the glass transition
We study the influence of composition changes on the glass transition of
binary hard disc and hard sphere mixtures in the framework of mode coupling
theory. We derive a general expression for the slope of a glass transition
line. Applied to the binary mixture in the low concentration limits, this new
method allows a fast prediction of some properties of the glass transition
lines. The glass transition diagram we find for binary hard discs strongly
resembles the random close packing diagram. Compared to 3D from previous
studies, the extension of the glass regime due to mixing is much more
pronounced in 2D where plasticization only sets in at larger size disparities.
For small size disparities we find a stabilization of the glass phase quadratic
in the deviation of the size disparity from unity.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, Phys. Rev. E (in print
Distance Oracles for Time-Dependent Networks
We present the first approximate distance oracle for sparse directed networks
with time-dependent arc-travel-times determined by continuous, piecewise
linear, positive functions possessing the FIFO property.
Our approach precomputes approximate distance summaries from
selected landmark vertices to all other vertices in the network. Our oracle
uses subquadratic space and time preprocessing, and provides two sublinear-time
query algorithms that deliver constant and approximate
shortest-travel-times, respectively, for arbitrary origin-destination pairs in
the network, for any constant . Our oracle is based only on
the sparsity of the network, along with two quite natural assumptions about
travel-time functions which allow the smooth transition towards asymmetric and
time-dependent distance metrics.Comment: A preliminary version appeared as Technical Report ECOMPASS-TR-025 of
EU funded research project eCOMPASS (http://www.ecompass-project.eu/). An
extended abstract also appeared in the 41st International Colloquium on
Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2014, track-A
Computational coarse graining of a randomly forced 1-D Burgers equation
We explore a computational approach to coarse graining the evolution of the
large-scale features of a randomly forced Burgers equation in one spatial
dimension. The long term evolution of the solution energy spectrum appears
self-similar in time. We demonstrate coarse projective integration and coarse
dynamic renormalization as tools that accelerate the extraction of macroscopic
information (integration in time, self-similar shapes, and nontrivial dynamic
exponents) from short bursts of appropriately initialized direct simulation.
These procedures solve numerically an effective evolution equation for the
energy spectrum without ever deriving this equation in closed form.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure
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