Individual Knowledge Sharing Behavior in Organizations

Knowledge management is one of the most important research streams in IS research since knowledge is being seen as a vital and significant strategic organizational resource that can influence the competitive advantages of the organization. Organizations have been trying to understand how knowledge is created, shared, and used within the organization as they need to capitalize on the knowledge they possess. Knowledge exists and is shared at different levels (individual, group, and organization level) in organizations. This paper reviews existing literature in this area and presents a framework that identifies factors that most significantly influence knowledge sharing between individuals in organizations

Driving the Use of Enterprise Social Media at Work: A Framework for Employees’ Adoption

More and more organizations are using enterprise social media (ESM) to improve the efficiency of communication and collaboration. Although many studies have tried to investigate employees’ adoption of this technology, most only provide limited insights and fail to capture the differences between ESM and other information systems used in organizations. In this article, we introduce a framework for enterprise social media adoption at the individual level. Our framework is based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and enterprise social media affordances. It is necessary to divide employees’ usage behavior into three types: not use, contribute, and lurk. We propose that the affordances initiate new types of factors that drive the three types of employees’ usage behavior differently

Knowledge Contribution Motivators – An Expectation-Confirmation Approach

Individual knowledge needs to be shared across IS developing organizations to provide information for all types of decisions. Considering knowledge management (KM) as a two-part process of knowledge contribution and knowledge seeking, we focus on the former one as it is (1) the required condition for knowledge sharing and (2) the greater challenge to accomplish by organizations compared to implementing successful knowledge seeking. Distinguishing different types of individual and organizational extrinsic motivators based on self-determination theory, we use expectation-confirmation theory (ECT) to analyze the extent to which software developers’ expectations towards knowledge contributions are fulfilled by organizations. Additionally, showing extrinsic motivators’ importance for software developers to contribute to KM systems, we provide organizations a roadmap for setting favorable conditions. Whereas our consolidation of previous research on knowledge contribution provides guidelines for future research on extrinsic motivators, we contribute to existing theory by applying ECT to the context of KM contribution

An Empirical Investigation of Factors Influencing Knowledge Management System Success

Knowledge has been viewed as a critical component for organizations. Consequently, organizations implement Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) to seek competitive advantages, but they may encounter mixed results. This research draws on previous information system and knowledge management system success-related literature and selects eight factors that are believed to be critical for the successful implementation of a KMS. These factors were derived through a literature search of current KMS success-related literature. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that could have a clear influence on the development and implementation of KMSs. The study presents the empirical examination of a theoretical model of KMS success for predicting system use by law enforcement officers. The research findings were accomplished through a validated questionnaire that surveyed 10 law enforcement officers from various agencies. These results contribute to the literature by empirically supporting the hypothesized relationships between identified success factors and KMS success. Though limited in sample size, this research can serve as a foundation for future studies, which can help identify other factors critical for KMS success. The comprehensive model can be used to undertake further research and thus add value to knowledge management system-based literature. In addition to its theoretical contributions, the study also presents important practical implications through the identification of specific infrastructure capabilities leading to KMS success

An Empirical Investigation of the Willingness of US Intelligence Community Analysts to Contribute Knowledge to a Knowledge Management System (KMS) in a Highly Classified and Sensitive Environment

Since September 11, 2001, the United States Government (USG) has possessed unparalleled capability in terms of dedicated intelligence and information collection assets supporting the analysts of the Intelligence Community (IC). The USG IC has sponsored, developed, and borne witness to extraordinary advances in technology, techniques, and procedures focused on knowledge harvesting, knowledge sharing, and collaboration. Knowledge, within successful (effective & productive) organizations, exists as a commodity; a commodity that can be created, captured, imparted, shared, and leveraged. The research problem that this study addressed is the challenge of maintaining strong organizational effectiveness and productivity through the use of an information technology-based knowledge management system (KMS). The main goal of this study was to empirically assess a model testing the impact of the factors of rewards, power, centrality, trust, collaborative environment, resistance to share, ease-of-using KMS, organizational structure, and top management support to inducement, willingness to share, as well as opportunity to contribute knowledge to a KMS on knowledge-sharing in a highly classified and sensitive environment of the USG IC. This study capitalized on prior literature to measure each of the 15 model constructs. This study was conducted with a select group of USG Departments and Agencies whose primary interest is Intelligence Operations. This study solicited responses from more than 1,000 current, as well as former, Intelligence Analysts of the USG IC, using an unclassified anonymous survey instrument. A total of 525 (52.5%) valid responses were analyzed using a partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM) statistical technique to perform model testing. Pre-analysis data screening was conducted to ensure the accuracy of the data collected, as well as to correct irregularities or errors within the gathered data. The 14 propositions outlined in this research study were tested using the PLS-SEM analysis along with reliability and validity checks. The results of this study provide insights into the key factors that shed light onto the willingness of US intelligence community analysts to contribute knowledge to a KMS in a highly classified and sensitive environment. Specifically, the significance of a knowledge worker’s willingness to contribute his/her knowledge to a KMS along with the opportunity to contribute knowledge, while inducement was not a significant factor when it comes to knowledge sharing using KMS in highly classified environments

The Role of Organizational and Individual Factors in Knowledge Management System Acceptance

The aim of this study is to investigates the how individual and organizational factors influence people behavior in using knowledge management. This research applied Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a basis theory; TAM was enriched with individual and organizational factors for this study. A survey approach was conducted for data collection. Three of institutions in Banking Sector at Indonesia were invited to join this study and 215 knowledge workers were participated for the survey. Data from survey were analyzed through Structural Equations Model (SEM) using PLS (Partial Least Square) V2. The conclusion specify that ‘‘individual elements'' and ‘‘organizational elements'' are the significantly affect people behavior in KMS acceptance factors that influence knowledge worker behavior in knowledge sharing. However this study not found relationship between individual and organization factors and “perceived ease of use” construct with people behavior in accept KMS

From Individual Cognition to Social Ecosystem: A Structuration Model of Enterprise Systems Use

In this paper, we argue that one can understand the adoption and routine use of enterprise systems by examining the fit between the system and the social structures of the organization. We develop a model of the adoption and long- term use of enterprise systems based on sociological concepts (Lord Anthony Giddens’ structuration theory) rather than the usual cognitive psychology concepts. We focus on the adoption and use of three versions of an enterprise KMS to support sales representatives at a multinational pharmaceutical firm. Our first study (a five-year case study of the KMS that went through one failed deployment and two successful ones) shows that the structures of signification, legitimation, and domination all influence loyal use, although domination may be less important. Our second study (a survey of 893 users at the firm) shows that the structures of signification, legitimation, and domination explain about 50 percent of the variance in ongoing loyal use but that their relative importance depends on the job experience of the users: signification and legitimation influence novices more, and signification and domination influence experts more. We believe that this parsimonious three-factor model offers a useful approach for future research and practice

Understanding Knowledge Management Systems Continuance: A Decomposed Model

Knowledge management (KM) research has yielded extensive theoretical explanations on the motivations of an individual to share knowledge using various types of face-to-face or virtual communication, each with different sets of influential factors. We propose that by decomposing individual belief into multidimensional belief constructs specific to knowledge contribution and knowledge-seeking contexts, those diverse factors can be consistently related to the antecedents of behavioral intention. Based on information systems (IS) continuance research and extant literature on KM, we formulate the research models for knowledge management systems (KMS) continuance for knowledge-contribution and -seeking behaviors, and test them with empirical data

Assessing job performance in brazilian digital government : the role of knowledge management systemsuse and social capital

Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies ManagementDiante dos desafios do governo digital, esta pesquisa busca compreender os propulsores do desempenho laboral e organizacional na administração pública brasileira. Foi criado modelo de pósadoção para avaliar o desempenho da administração pública mediante a utilização de sistemas de gestão do conhecimento (KMS), com base nos conceitos de satisfação do usuário, uso enxuto de sistemas (duração, frequência e intensidade), capital social, e liderança transformacional. Após revisão de literatura sobre as teorias de liderança transformacional e capital social, foi analisado o impacto destes fatores contextuais no ambiente governamental de uma agência pública brasileira (Ministério do Meio Ambiente). Utilizando-se de abordagem empírica, a pesquisa recolheu dados de 295 funcionários públicos, após questionário on-line, e obteve como resultados que o desempenho individual no trabalho, usando KMS, afeta positivamente o desempenho da organização, sendo também impactado por fatores como intensidade do uso de KMS, satisfação do usuário e capital social. A satisfação do individuo impacta o desempenho individual, sendo afetada pela frequência e intensidade do uso do KMS, assim como pelo capital social, que desempenha relevante papel no desempenho individual e organizacional, ampliando o relacionamento entre a satisfação do usuário e o desempenho individual, vez que apresenta efeito moderador. O desempenho organizacional é influenciado pela liderança transformacional, responsável por moderar as conexões entre a performance individual e institucional. A pesquisa fornece informações relevantes para a literatura em sistemas de gestão do conhecimento, de forma a conectar o uso de KMS com a satisfação e o desempenho, elucidando a importância do capital social para o alcance de melhores resultados em ambientes governamentais.Faced with the challenges of digital government, this research seeks to clarify the drivers of individual and organizational performance in the Brazilian public administration. A post-adoption model was developed to evaluate the performance of public administration with knowledge management systems (KMS), given the concepts of user satisfaction, lean system use (duration, frequency and intensity), social capital, and transformational leadership. After literature review on theories of transformational leadership and social capital, the impact of these contextual factors on the government environment of a Brazilian public agency (Ministry of the Environment) was verified. Using an empirical approach, the survey collected data from 295 public officials, using online questionnaire, obtained as results that the individual performance at work, using KMS, positively affects the organizational performance, being also impacted by factors such as intensity of the KMS use, user satisfaction and social capital. User satisfaction impacts individual performance, being affected by the frequency and intensity of KMS use, as well as by social capital, which plays a relevant role in individual and organizational performances, amplifying the relationship between user satisfaction and individual performance, given its moderating effect. Organizational performance is influenced by transformational leadership, responsible for moderating the connections among individual and institutional performance. The research provided relevant information to the literature on KMS, to connect system use, satisfaction and performance, elucidating the importance of social capital to achieve better results in government contexts