1,576 research outputs found
Mobile support in CSCW applications and groupware development frameworks
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is an established subset of the field of Human Computer Interaction that deals with the how people use computing technology to enhance group interaction and collaboration. Mobile CSCW has emerged as a result of the progression from personal desktop computing to the mobile device platforms that are ubiquitous today.
CSCW aims to not only connect people and facilitate communication through using computers; it aims to provide conceptual models coupled with technology to manage, mediate, and assist collaborative processes. Mobile CSCW research looks to fulfil these aims through the adoption of mobile technology and consideration for the mobile user. Facilitating collaboration using mobile devices brings new challenges. Some of these challenges are inherent to the nature of the device hardware, while others focus on the understanding of how to engineer software to maximize effectiveness for the end-users. This paper reviews seminal and state-of-the-art cooperative software applications and development frameworks, and their support for mobile devices
To Link or Not to Link? Multiple Team Membership and Unit Performance
Multiple team membership is common in today’s team-based organizations, but little is known about its relationship with collective effectiveness across teams. We adopted a microfoundations framework utilizing existing individual- and team-level research to develop a higher-level perspective on multiple team membership’s relationship with performance of entire units of teams. We tested our predictions with data collected from 849 primary care units of the Veterans Health Administration serving over 4.2 million patients. In this context, we found multiple team membership is negatively associated with unit performance, and this negative relationship is exacerbated by task complexity
Recommended from our members
uC: Ubiquitous Collaboration Platform for Multimodal Team Interaction Support
A human-centered computing platform that improves teamwork and transforms the “human- computer interaction experience” for distributed teams is presented. This Ubiquitous Collaboration, or uC (“you see”), platform\u27s objective is to transform distributed teamwork (i.e., work occurring when teams of workers and learners are geographically dispersed and often interacting at different times). It achieves this goal through a multimodal team interaction interface realized through a reconfigurable open architecture. The approach taken is to integrate: (1) an intuitive speech- and video-centric multi-modal interface to augment more conventional methods (e.g., mouse, stylus and touch), (2) an open and reconfigurable architecture supporting information gathering, and (3) a machine intelligent approach to analysis and management of heterogeneous live and stored sensor data to support collaboration. The system will transform how teams of people interact with computers by drawing on both the virtual and physical environment
Digitizing the field: designing ERP systems for Triple-A humanitarian supply chains
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore what design principles need to be considered in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems for humanitarian organizations (HOs) to enable agile, adaptive and aligned (Triple-A) humanitarian supply chain capabilities and digitize humanitarian operations. Design/methodology/approach: This study follows an embedded case study approach with ahumanitarian medical relief organization, Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), which engaged in a multiyear ERP design at its humanitarian field missions. Findings: This research shows that ERP systems for humanitarian organizations should be designed asunique systems addressing humanitarian organizations' challenges and unique missions, their valuegeneration processes, and resource base in an effort to improve organizational performance. This study presents 12 general design principles that are unique for humanitarian organizations. These design principle sprovide a high-level structure of guidance under which specific requirements can be further defined and engineered to achieve success. Research limitations/implications: The results of this study are based on a single case study limiting generalizability. However, the case study was analyzed and presented as an embedded case study with five autonomous subunits using different business processes and following different adoption and implementation approaches. Therefore, the findings are derived based on considerable variance reflective of humanitarian organizations beyond MSF. Practical implications: This study recognizes that HOs have unique routines that standard commercial ERP packages do not address easily at the field level. The primary contribution of this research is a set of design principles that consider these unique routines and guide ERP development in practice. National and international HOs that are planning to implement information systems, private companies that are trading partners of HOs as well as vendors of ERP systems that are looking for new opportunities would all benefitfrom this research. Originality/value: This study fills the gap in the humanitarian literature regarding the design of ERPsystems for humanitarian organizations that enable Triple–A supply chain capabilities and it advances the knowledge of the challenges of ERP design by HOs in the context of humanitarian operations
From the battlefield to the homeland : building the case for network-centric response
CHDS State/LocalOur nation's ability to respond to natural or man-made disasters has remained relatively unchanged since the attacks of 9/11. Current response operations are characterized by the inability to efficiently produce a collaborative and effective response to incidents of national significance and address the challenges of the Information Age. The military has adapted network-centric tenants and principles from business applications to effectively operate in the Information Age and increase mission effectiveness. These tenants and principles can be adapted by responders to address current deficiencies and increase mission effectiveness. Implementation of "network-centric response" is both technologically and organizationally feasible. Network-centric response operations would allow responders to meet the challenges and leverage the opportunities of the Information Age, resulting in increased mission effectiveness.http://archive.org/details/frombattlefieldt109453561Commander, US Navy (USN) author
My time is my own: a project for analysis and research on the social situation, demography and the family
Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse des Projektes 'My time is my own' vor. Bei diesem europäischen Projekt handelte es sich um eine transnationale Studie, in der in verschiedenen Ländern neue Formen der Zeitnutzung im Umgang mit sozialen Dienstleistungen zur Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Privatleben gesammelt und ausgewertet wurden. Die Auswertung sollte qualitative Indikatoren ermitteln, die es Verwaltungen, Organisationen, Firmen, usw. erlauben, sich bei der Planung von innovativen Projekten zur Zeitgestaltung an Ergebnissen aus bestehenden Praxiserfahrungen orientieren zu können. Der Beitrag enthält die Ergebnisse aus Italien, Frankreich, Spanien und Deutschland. (ICD
Sustainable Availability Provision in Distributed Cloud Services
The article is an extension of this paper 1 . It describes methods for dealing with reliability and fault tolerance issues in cloud-based datacenters. These methods mainly focus on the elimination of a single point of failure within any component of the cloud infrastructure, availability of infrastructure and accessibility of cloud services. Methods for providing the availability of hardware, software and network components are also presented. The analysis of the actual accessibility of cloud services and the mapping of a cloud-based datacenter infrastructure with different levels of reliability to the Tier Classification System2 is described. Non-compliance of the actual accessibility with the level of High Availability for cloud web services is unraveled
The Head and the Heart in Crisis: The Temporal Dynamics of the Interplay Between Team Cognitive Processes and Collective Emotions During Crisis Events
Organizations commonly use teams to rapidly and appropriately respond to crises. These teams must face a multidimensional challenge because crises not only present sets of ill-defined, complex problems, but also exert high emotional demands on the team. As a result, effective team functioning in crisis events involves handling each dimension of the crisis through distinct, yet concurrent, types of responses, namely team cognitive processes and collective emotions. Research on groups also suggests that cognitive processes and collective emotions are dynamically intertwined and can influence one another. Studies of crisis events to date, however, have largely examined cognition and emotion in isolation from one another. As a result, we know little about how team cognitive processes and collective emotions go hand in hand over the course a crisis event to shape team performance. This study seeks to address this research gap. Focusing on 20 teams of MBA students dealing with a simulated organizational crisis, I used a longitudinal research design and behavioural observation methods to examine the dynamics of the interplay between team cognitive processes and collective emotions at two different temporal scales.
At the micro-temporal scale, I examined the co-occurrence (also called coupling) of team cognitive processes and collective emotions to determine which observed couplings were statistically meaningful in higher- versus lower-performing teams facing a crisis event. Lag sequential analyses revealed that compared with lower-performing teams, higher-performing teams were less likely to engage in explicit situation processing in an emotionally-midaroused team atmosphere. Higher-performing teams were also less likely than lower-performing teams to exhibit implicit situation processing in an emotionally-neutral team atmosphere. Lower-performing teams, on the other hand, had more tendency to engage in implicit situation processing in an emotionally-homogeneous team atmosphere. Finally, lower-performing teams were more likely than higher-performing teams to exhibit implicit action processing in an emotionally-midaroused team atmosphere.
At the macro-temporal scale, I tracked the evolution of couplings over the course of the crisis event by means of an exploratory visualization tool called GridWare. GridWare enabled me to characterize and compare the structure and the content of the coupling trajectory of higher- and lower-performing teams. The coupling trajectory of higher performers was not found to be any more or less variable than that of lower performers. However, according to my analyses, the coupling trajectory of higher-performing teams was significantly more likely to become absorbed in a single, strong, attracting coupling, as opposed to the coupling trajectory of lower-performing teams which tended to get drawn toward multiple, weaker, attracting couplings. The single, strong attracting coupling that pulled the trajectory of higher-performing teams was the coupling of explicit action processing and midaroused-neutral collective emotions. This indicates that higher performers had more tendency to keep returning to discussing and updating their decisions/actions in a midaroused-neutral emotional atmosphere. Theoretical contributions of this study and implications of these findings for practice and for future research are discussed
- …