Design and implementation of FPGA-based high power LED lighting system for ships

724-729Light emitting drive system used in ships induce less input side power factor with highly distorted line (AC) current which brings down the quality of AC power supply system. To suppress these limitations, futuristic ANFIS tuned PI controller operated modified SEPIC rectifier is designed and the effective analysis and results are presented in this paper. More desirable power quality is achieved with ANFIS tuned PI controller when compared with PI/fuzzy tuned PI controller in ship’s LED light module. LED driver module of 48 V, 100 W power rating is built and its upgraded operating performance is accomplished by the execution of controller in FPGA Spartan–6 platform. The satisfactory result of 2.927%-line current harmonic distortion and supply side 0.9991 power factor (within IEEE-516 standard) is attained. Steady state study involving 0.09 s, rise time with zero overshoot is acquired

Hybrid three-phase rectifiers with active power factor correction: a systematic review

The hybrid three-phase rectifiers (HTR) consist of parallel associations of two rectifiers (rectifier 1 and rectifier 2), each one of them with a distinct operation, while the sum of their input currents forms a sinusoidal or multilevel waveform. In general, the rectifier 1 is a GRAETZ (full bridge) (can be combined with a BOOST converter) and the rectifier 2 combined with a DC-DC converter. In this HTR contest, this paper is intended to answer some important questions about those hybrid rectifiers. To obtain the correct answers, the study is conducted as an analysis of a systematic literature review. Thus, a search was carried out in the databases, mostly IEEE and IET, and 34 papers were selected as the best corresponding to the HTR thematic. It is observed that the preferred form of power distribution in a unidirectional hybrid three-phase rectifiers (UHTR) is 〖55%P〗_o (rectifier 1) and 〖45%P〗_o (rectifier 2). For the bidirectional hybrid three-phase rectifiers (BHTR) the rectifier 1 preferably takes 〖90% of P〗_o and 〖10% of P〗_o are processed by rectifier 2. It is also observed that the UHTR that employ the single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) or VIENNA converter topologies in their rectifier 2, can present sinusoidal input currents with low total harmonic distortion (THD) and high Power Factor (PF), even succeeding to comply with the international standards. The same can be said about the rectifier that employs a pulse-width (PWM) converter of BOOST topology in rectifier 2. In short, the HTR are interesting because they allow to use the GRAETZ full bridge topology in rectifier 1, thus taking advantage of its characteristics, being simple, robust and reliable. At the same time, the advantages of rectifier 2, i.e., high PF and low THD are well used. In addition, this article also points out the future direction of research that is still unexplored in the literature, thus giving opportunities for future innovation

A Single-Input Single-Output Approach by using Minor-Loop Voltage Feedback Compensation with Modified SPWM Technique for Three-Phase AC–DC Buck Converter

The modified sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM) is one of the PWM techniques used in three-phase AC–DC buck converters. The modified SPWM works without the current sensor (the converter is current sensorless), improves production of sinusoidal AC current, enables obtainment of near-unity power factor, and controls output voltage through modulation gain (ranging from 0 to 1). The main problem of the modified SPWM is the huge starting current and voltage (during transient) that results from a large step change from the reference voltage. When the load changes, the output voltage significantly drops (through switching losses and non-ideal converter elements). The single-input single-output (SISO) approach with minor-loop voltage feedback controller presented here overcomes this problem. This approach is created on a theoretical linear model and verified by discrete-model simulation on MATLAB/Simulink. The capability and effectiveness of the SISO approach in compensating start-up current/voltage and in achieving zero steady-state error were tested for transient cases with step-changed load and step-changed reference voltage for linear and non-linear loads. Tests were done to analyze the transient performance against various controller gains. An experiment prototype was also developed for verification

Design and Analysis of High Frequency Power Converters for Envelope Tracking Applications

In the field of power electronics, designers are constantly researching new methods to improve efficiency while optimizing dynamic performance. As communication technologies progress we are more often dealing with systems of increasing speed and complexity. For instance, from 1991 to 2013 we have observed the mobile broadband communication sector evolve from ~230 Kbits/s (2G) speeds to ~100 Mbits/s (4G LTE), a 430% increase in communication speed. In contrast, we have not observed the same evolutionary development in industrial power converters. Most switch-mode power supplies are still manufactured for 100 KHz to 800 KHz operating frequencies. The main reason for this is that most electrical devices only require steady-state DC power, so high speed conversion performance is largely unnecessary. But as size expectations for portable electronic devices continue to decrease, the only way to meet future demand is to realize power electronics that operate at much higher switching frequencies. Furthermore there is increasing demand to improve the transient response requirements in processor-based systems and achieve practical envelope tracking in RF communication systems. The most straightforward method of increasing the dynamic response for these systems is to increase the switching frequency of the power electronics in a sustainable and coherent manner

Analysis of a new family of DC-DC converters with input-parallel output-series structure

There is an increasing trend of development and installation of switching power supplies due to their highly efficient power conversion, fast power control and high quality power conditioning for applications such as renewable energy integration and energy storage management systems. In most of these applications, high voltage conversion ratio is required. However, basic switching converters have limited voltage conversion ratio. There has been much research into development of high gain power converters. While most of the reported topologies focus on high gain and high efficiency, in this thesis, the input and output ripple currents and reliability are also considered to derive a new converter structure suitable for high step-up voltage conversion applications. High ripple currents and voltages at the input and output of dc-dc converters are not desirable because they may affect the operation of the dc source or the load. A number of converters operating in an interleaved manner can reduce these ripples. This thesis proposes a dc/dc switching converter structure which is capable of reducing the ripple problem through interleaved action, in addition to high gain and high efficiency voltage conversion. The thesis analyses the proposed converter structure through a dual buck-boost converter topology. The structure allows different converter topologies and combinations of them for different applications to be configured. The study begins with a motivation and a literature review of dc/dc converters. The new family of high step-up converters is introduced with an interleaved buck-boost as an example, followed by small-signal analysis. Experimental verifications, conclusions and future work are discussed

Survey on Photo-Voltaic Powered Interleaved Converter System

Renewable energy is the best solution to meet the growing demand for energy in the country. The solar energy is considered as the most promising energy by the researchers due to its abundant availability, eco-friendly nature, long lasting nature, wide range of application and above all it is a maintenance free system. The energy absorbed by the earth can satisfy 15000 times of today’s total energy demand and its hundred times more than that our conventional energy like coal and other fossil fuels. Though, there are overwhelming advantages in solar energy, It has few drawbacks as well such as its low conversion ratio, inconsistent supply of energy due to variation in the sun light, less efficiency due to ripples in the converter, time dependent and, above all, high capitation cost. These aforementioned flaws have been addressed by the researchers in order to extract maximum energy and attain hundred percentage benefits of this heavenly resource. So, this chapter presents a comprehensive investigation based on photo voltaic (PV) system requirements with the following constraints such as system efficiency, system gain, dynamic response, switching losses are investigated. The overview exhibits and identifies the requirements of a best PV power generation system

Analysis of a new family of DC-DC converters with input-parallel output-series structure

There is an increasing trend of development and installation of switching power supplies due to their highly efficient power conversion, fast power control and high quality power conditioning for applications such as renewable energy integration and energy storage management systems. In most of these applications, high voltage conversion ratio is required. However, basic switching converters have limited voltage conversion ratio. There has been much research into development of high gain power converters. While most of the reported topologies focus on high gain and high efficiency, in this thesis, the input and output ripple currents and reliability are also considered to derive a new converter structure suitable for high step-up voltage conversion applications. High ripple currents and voltages at the input and output of dc-dc converters are not desirable because they may affect the operation of the dc source or the load. A number of converters operating in an interleaved manner can reduce these ripples. This thesis proposes a dc/dc switching converter structure which is capable of reducing the ripple problem through interleaved action, in addition to high gain and high efficiency voltage conversion. The thesis analyses the proposed converter structure through a dual buck-boost converter topology. The structure allows different converter topologies and combinations of them for different applications to be configured. The study begins with a motivation and a literature review of dc/dc converters. The new family of high step-up converters is introduced with an interleaved buck-boost as an example, followed by small-signal analysis. Experimental verifications, conclusions and future work are discussed

Hardware-in-the-loop and digital control techniques applied to single-phase PFC converters

Power electronic converters for power factor correction (PFC) play a key role in single-phase electrical power systems, ensuring that the line current waveform complies with the applicable standards and grid codes while regulating the DC voltage. Its verification implies significant complexity and cost, since it requires long simulations to verify its behavior, for around hundreds of milliseconds. The development and test of the controller include nominal, abnormal and fault conditions in which the equipment could be damaged. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) is a cost-effective technique that allows the power converter to be replaced by a real-time simulation model, avoiding building prototypes in the early stages for the development and validation of the controller. However, the performance-vs-cost trade-off associated with HIL techniques depends on the mathematical models used for replicating the power converter, the load and the electrical grid, as well as the hardware platform chosen to build it, e.g., microprocessor or FPGA, and the required number of channels and I/O types to test the system. This work reviews state-of-the-art HIL techniques and digital control techniques for single-phase PFC converters.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under Project RTI2018-095138-B-C31 PEGIA—Power Electronics for the Grid and Industry Applications

Power Converters in Power Electronics

In recent years, power converters have played an important role in power electronics technology for different applications, such as renewable energy systems, electric vehicles, pulsed power generation, and biomedical sciences. Power converters, in the realm of power electronics, are becoming essential for generating electrical power energy in various ways. This Special Issue focuses on the development of novel power converter topologies in power electronics. The topics of interest include, but are not limited to: Z-source converters; multilevel power converter topologies; switched-capacitor-based power converters; power converters for battery management systems; power converters in wireless power transfer techniques; the reliability of power conversion systems; and modulation techniques for advanced power converters

A Comprehensive Review of DC-DC Converters for EV Applications

DC-DC converters in Electric vehicles (EVs) have the role of interfacing power sources to the DC-link and the DC-link to the required voltage levels for usage of different systems in EVs like DC drive, electric traction, entertainment, safety and etc. Improvement of gain and performance in these converters has a huge impact on the overall performance and future of EVs. So, different configurations have been suggested by many researches. In this paper, bidirectional DC-DC converters (BDCs) are divided into four categories as isolated-soft, isolated-hard, non-isolated-soft and non-isolated-hard depending on the isolation and type of switching. Moreover, the control strategies, comparative factors, selection for a specific application and recent trends are reviewed completely. As a matter of fact, over than 200 papers have been categorized and considered to help the researchers who work on BDCs for EV application