Naturally Rehearsing Passwords

We introduce quantitative usability and security models to guide the design of password management schemes --- systematic strategies to help users create and remember multiple passwords. In the same way that security proofs in cryptography are based on complexity-theoretic assumptions (e.g., hardness of factoring and discrete logarithm), we quantify usability by introducing usability assumptions. In particular, password management relies on assumptions about human memory, e.g., that a user who follows a particular rehearsal schedule will successfully maintain the corresponding memory. These assumptions are informed by research in cognitive science and validated through empirical studies. Given rehearsal requirements and a user's visitation schedule for each account, we use the total number of extra rehearsals that the user would have to do to remember all of his passwords as a measure of the usability of the password scheme. Our usability model leads us to a key observation: password reuse benefits users not only by reducing the number of passwords that the user has to memorize, but more importantly by increasing the natural rehearsal rate for each password. We also present a security model which accounts for the complexity of password management with multiple accounts and associated threats, including online, offline, and plaintext password leak attacks. Observing that current password management schemes are either insecure or unusable, we present Shared Cues--- a new scheme in which the underlying secret is strategically shared across accounts to ensure that most rehearsal requirements are satisfied naturally while simultaneously providing strong security. The construction uses the Chinese Remainder Theorem to achieve these competing goals

The commodification of time and memory: Online communities and the dynamics of commercially produced nostalgia

This article addresses the lack of analysis of the specific ways in which the online environment configures the relationship between the processual dynamics of nostalgia which allow for both creative and conservative modes of identification and the commercial exploitation and commodification of the nostalgia produced and articulated in online communities. We introduce an empirical case study of one of the companies operating on Facebook as a nostalgia maker: DoYouRemember.com and consider analytical frameworks for future work on the (online) ‘nostalgia business’ and its economic and political dimensions

What do people want from their lifelogs?

The practice of lifelogging potentially consists of automatically capturing and storing a digital record of every piece of information that a person (lifelogger) encounters in their daily experiences. Lifelogging has become an increasingly popular area of research in recent years. Most current lifeloggiing research focuses on techniques for data capture or processing. Current applications of lifelogging technology are usually driven by new technology inventions, creative ideas of researchers, or the special needs of a particular user group, e.g. individuals with memory impairment. To the best of our knowledge, little work has explored potential lifelogs applications from the perspective of the desires of the general public. One of the difficulties of carrying out such a study is the balancing of the information given to the subject regarding lifelog technology to enable them to generate realistic ideas without limiting or directing their imaginations by providing too much specific information. We report a study in which we take a progressive approach where we introduce lifelogging in three stages, and collect the ideas and opinions of a volunteer group of general public participants on techniques for lifelog capture, and applications and functionality

Using web services to put metamorphosis on the web

This paper describes the exposure on the Web of Metamorphosis main functionalities. This exposure will be accom- plished through an XML Web Service. Metamorphosis is a Semantic Web tool aiming at the automatic creation of knowledge views for heterogeneous data sources or information systems. Each view is characterized by an ontology that corresponds to a semantic network composed of concepts and relations that are built with data extracted from several data sources. There are several formal notations for knowledge representation; Topic Maps were chosen due to their advantages like: having a frozen syntax which enables the creation of tools like extractors and navigators; and being abstract enough to specify anything (everything can be represented as a topic and these topics can relate to each other). The knowledge views are the final result of Metamorphosis but this tool has four different stages. We intend to expose each one of these stages. This way the desired XML Web Service will have four different modes, offering the following functionalities: f1: TM-Builder - the user provides a data source specification, and the Service will return an extractor for that data source. f2: TM - the user provides a data source specification together with the data source, and the Service will give the user the extracted Topic Map. f3: WebSite - the user provides a data source specification together with the data source, and the Service will send back the Website. f4: Remote WebSite - the user provides a data source specification together with the data source, and the Service will give the user an access point (URL) to the Website that will be hosted by the server. In the paper we will give enough information to understand Metamorphosis and all the layers developed so far. The four exposed functionalities of Metamorphosis will be discussed in detail

a scoping review protocol

Funding Information: This project is funded by National funds through FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, I. P. under the PhD grant SFRH/BD/148420/2019 awarded to the first author. This protocol was included in the PhD previously approved project. Funding Information: Funding This project is funded by national funds through FCT-Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I. P. under the PhD grant SFRH/BD/148420/2019 awarded to the first author. This protocol was included in the PhD previously approved project. Publisher Copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Introduction Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent condition with associated high disability and healthcare costs. Evidence of major gaps in the implementation of evidence-based interventions in people with knee OA led several healthcare systems to implement models of care (MoCs) in order to improve knowledge translation and guaranty their economic sustainability. Nevertheless, there are few studies that analyse the existing body of evidence of MoCs for patients with knee OA in primary healthcare settings. Therefore, we aim to identify MoCs developed for patients with knee OA implemented in primary healthcare and, analyse their core components and outcomes. This scoping review will create knowledge about the components and outcomes of these MoCs which, in the future, will facilitate their transferability to practice. Methods and analysis We will include studies that developed and implemented an MoC for people with knee OA in primary healthcare. We will use the PCC mnemonic, being 'Population' -people with Knee OA, 'Concept' -the MoCs and 'Context' -the primary healthcare setting. We will conduct the search on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, as well as grey literature databases and relevant institutions and organisations websites, for articles published after 2000. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts followed by a full-text review to assess papers regarding their eligibility. We will evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies with the Mixed Methods Appraisal tool and apply a data abstraction form to describe and interpret the evidence. Ethics and dissemination As a secondary analysis, this scoping review does not require ethical approval. Findings will be published in peer-review journal, presented in scientific conferences and as a summary through primary healthcare units.publishersversionpublishe

Spartan Daily, April 14, 2004

Volume 122, Issue 46https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/9980/thumbnail.jp

CITIDEL Collection Building

The aim of this study is to facilitate the goals of the Computing and Information Technology Interactive Digital Educational Library (CITIDEL) by increasing the number of collections available to it. This study will help in achieving this goal by focusing on four diverse collections

Minds Online: The Interface between Web Science, Cognitive Science, and the Philosophy of Mind

Alongside existing research into the social, political and economic impacts of the Web, there is a need to study the Web from a cognitive and epistemic perspective. This is particularly so as new and emerging technologies alter the nature of our interactive engagements with the Web, transforming the extent to which our thoughts and actions are shaped by the online environment. Situated and ecological approaches to cognition are relevant to understanding the cognitive significance of the Web because of the emphasis they place on forces and factors that reside at the level of agent–world interactions. In particular, by adopting a situated or ecological approach to cognition, we are able to assess the significance of the Web from the perspective of research into embodied, extended, embedded, social and collective cognition. The results of this analysis help to reshape the interdisciplinary configuration of Web Science, expanding its theoretical and empirical remit to include the disciplines of both cognitive science and the philosophy of mind

Machine Learning Meets Mental Training -- A Proof of Concept Applied to Memory Sports

This work aims to combine these two fields together by presenting a practical implementation of machine learning to the particular form of mental training that is the art of memory, taken in its competitive version called "Memory Sports". Such a fusion, on the one hand, strives to raise awareness about both realms, while on the other it seeks to encourage research in this mixed field as a way to, ultimately, drive forward the development of this seemingly underestimated sport.Comment: 75 pages, 47 figures, 2 tables, 26 code excerpt