Analysis and Modeling Experiment Performance Parameters of Routing Protocols in MANETs and VANETs

In this paper, a framework for experimental parameters in which Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), effect of link duration over End-to-End Delay (E2ED) and Normalized Routing Overhead (NRO) in terms of control packets is analyzed and modeled for Mobile Ad-Hoc NETworks (MANETs) and Vehicular Ad-Hoc NETworks (VANETs) with the assumption that nodes (vehicles) are sparsely moving in two different road. Moreover, this paper contributes the performance comparison of one Proactive Routing Protocol; Destination Sequenced Distance vector (DSDV) and two reactive protocols; DYnamic Source Routing (DSR) and DYnamic MANET On-Demand (DYMO). A novel contribution of this work is enhancements in default versions of selected routing protocols. Three performance parameters; PDR, E2ED and NRO with varying scalabilities are measured to analyze the performance of selected routing protocols with their original and enhanced versions. From extensive simulations, it is observed that DSR outperforms among all three protocols at the cost of delay. NS-2 simulator is used for simulation with TwoRayGround propagation model to evaluate analytical results

A performance study of routing protocols for mobile grid environment

Integration of mobile wireless consumer devices into the Grid initially seems unlikely due to limitation such as CPU performance,small secondary storage, heightened battery consumption sensitivity and unreliable low-bandwidth communication. The current grid architecture and algorithm also do not take into account the mobile computing environment since mobile devices have not been seriously considered as valid computing resources or interfaces in grid communities. This paper presents the results of simulation done in identifying a suitable ad hoc routing protocol that can be used for the target grid application in mobile environment. The simulation comparing three ad hoc routing protocols named DSDV, DSR and AODV

Performance Evaluation of Manhattan Mobility Model in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Mobility model is the foundation of the simulation study of various routing protocols in Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET). A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a continuously self-configuring network without infrastructure, where every node functions as a transmitter, router, and data sink. A high mobility of MANET nodes reduces the reliability of network communication. In dynamic networks, high mobility of the nodes makes it very difficult to predict the dynamic network topology and hence route/link failures. NS2 network simulator is used to implement MANET by using Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV), Ad Hoc Demand Vector (AODV), and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) by using mobility generator tool, Bonnmotion-3.0.1 in this paper. This paper compares mobility model on AODV, DSDV, and DSR routing protocols with QoS performance metrics throughput, packet delivery ratio, end to end delay, packet overhead and packet dropping rate

Performance Analysis of Three Routing Protocols in MANET Using the NS-2 and ANOVA Test with Varying Speed of Nodes

In this chapter, we analyzed ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV), dynamic source routing (DSR), and destination-sequenced distance vector (DSDV) routing protocols using different parameters of QoS metrics such as packet delivery ratio (PDR), normalize routing overhead, throughput, and jitter. The aim of this chapter is to determine a difference between routing protocol performance when operating in a large-area MANET with high-speed mobile nodes. After the simulations, we use AWK to analyze the data and then Xgraph to plot the performance metric. After that we use one-way ANOVA tools to confirm the correctness of the result. We use NS-2 for the simulation work. The comparison analysis of these protocols will be carrying out and in the last, we conclude that which routing protocol is the best one for mobile ad hoc networks

Comprehensive experimental performance analysis of DSR, AODV and DSDV routing protocol for different metrics values with predefined constraints

A Mobile Adhoc Network is a multi-hop self-configuring network without any fixed infrastructure. Due to mobility of nodes, dynamic topology and highly dynamic environment, designing and implementing stable routing in Mobile Ad-hoc Networking is a major challenge and a critical issue. This paper analyses the performance analysis of on demand routing protocol, Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Adhoc on Demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV) and table driven protocol, Destination-Sequenced Distance Vectoring (DSDV) using a network simulator NS2. Different types of test scenario have designed with fixed number of nodes but varying mobility. Different performance metric values like, throughput, delay, normalized network load, end to end delay, dropped packets, packets delivery ratio have been observed. The experimental results have been analysed and recommendation based on the obtained results has been proposed about the significance of each protocol in different scenarios and situations. The simulation results show that both protocols are good in performance in their own categories. We believe that findings of this paper will help the researcher to find the best protocol under predefined condition with varied mobility. We believe that this research will help the researcher to identify and further investigate any particular metrics value of AODV, DSR and DSDV

An Analysis of DSR, DSDV, AODV and Adv.-AODV Routing Protocols in MANET

A mobile Ad-Hoc network is a collection of autonomous wireless nodes without any fixed infrastructure and centralized administration. Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. Each node operates not only as an end system, but also as a router to forward packets. The nodes are free to move about and organize themselves into a network. These nodes change position frequently. The main classes of routing protocols are Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid. A Reactive (on-demand) routing strategy is a popular routing category for wireless ad hoc routing The design follows the idea that each node tries to reduce routing overhead by sending routing packets whenever a communication is requested. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of reactive routing protocols, Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and proactive routing protocol Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV).The major goal of this study is to analyze the performance of well known MANETs routing protocol in high mobility case under low, medium and high density scenario. Unlike military applications, most of the other applications of MANETs require moderate to high mobility. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of reactive routing protocols, Advanced- Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector (Adv.-AODV), Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and proactive routing protocol Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV)[7][9].The major goal of this study is to analyze the performance of well known MANETs routing protocol in high mobility case under low, medium and high density scenario. Unlike military applications, most of the other applications of MANETs require moderate to high mobility. In this paper we analyzed the Adv.-AODV, AODV, DSDV and DSR protocols based on the performance metrics such as packet delivery ratio, average end to end delay and throughput in different test environments. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15081

Dissection of Mobility Model Routing Protocols in MANET on QoS Criterion

Essential difficulties in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) are routing selection and Quality of Service(QoS) support. Several different approaches have been described in the literature, and a number of performance simulations have been produced, in an attempt to tackle this challenging problem. In this study, we take a close look at the relative merits of several popular routing protocols. In this research, we looked into how changing QoS parameters in tandem with routing protocol choices affected network throughput. Typical measures for measuring network efficiency include average throughput, packet delivery ratio (PDR), average delay, and power usage. NS-3 is used to run the simulations

Building Realistic Mobility Models for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a self-configuring wireless network in which each node could act as a router, as well as a data source or sink. Its application areas include battlefields and vehicular and disaster areas. Many techniques applied to infrastructure-based networks are less effective in MANETs, with routing being a particular challenge. This paper presents a rigorous study into simulation techniques for evaluating routing solutions for MANETs with the aim of producing more realistic simulation models and thereby, more accurate protocol evaluations. MANET simulations require models that reflect the world in which the MANET is to operate. Much of the published research uses movement models, such as the random waypoint (RWP) model, with arbitrary world sizes and node counts. This paper presents a technique for developing more realistic simulation models to test and evaluate MANET protocols. The technique is animation, which is applied to a realistic scenario to produce a model that accurately reflects the size and shape of the world, node count, movement patterns, and time period over which the MANET may operate. The animation technique has been used to develop a battlefield model based on established military tactics. Trace data has been used to build a model of maritime movements in the Irish Sea. Similar world models have been built using the random waypoint movement model for comparison. All models have been built using the ns-2 simulator. These models have been used to compare the performance of three routing protocols: dynamic source routing (DSR), destination-sequenced distance-vector routing (DSDV), and ad hoc n-demand distance vector routing (AODV). The findings reveal that protocol performance is dependent on the model used. In particular, it is shown that RWP models do not reflect the performance of these protocols under realistic circumstances, and protocol selection is subject to the scenario to which it is applied. To conclude, it is possible to develop a range of techniques for modelling scenarios applicable to MANETs, and these simulation models could be utilised for the evaluation of routing protocols

Analyzing the Impact of Offer Load, Mobility and Energy Related Issues on Simulation Areas of Reactive and Proactive Routing Protocols in Manets

MANETS is a collection of Independent mobile nodes that can communicate through each other via radio waves. The mobile nodes that are in radio range can directly communicate where as the other needs the aid of intimidate node to route the packets. These networks are fully disturbed and can work with any place without the help of any Infrastructure this property makes these networks highly flexible and robust. In this Project we analyzed the impact of offer load, mobility and energy related issues with respect to simulation areas for reactive and proactive routing protocols for MANETS by using NS2 simulator to measure the different parameters like Routing Overhead, Rout load, packet delivery ratio energy consume, energy remaining