29,693 research outputs found
An Overview on Application of Machine Learning Techniques in Optical Networks
Today's telecommunication networks have become sources of enormous amounts of
widely heterogeneous data. This information can be retrieved from network
traffic traces, network alarms, signal quality indicators, users' behavioral
data, etc. Advanced mathematical tools are required to extract meaningful
information from these data and take decisions pertaining to the proper
functioning of the networks from the network-generated data. Among these
mathematical tools, Machine Learning (ML) is regarded as one of the most
promising methodological approaches to perform network-data analysis and enable
automated network self-configuration and fault management. The adoption of ML
techniques in the field of optical communication networks is motivated by the
unprecedented growth of network complexity faced by optical networks in the
last few years. Such complexity increase is due to the introduction of a huge
number of adjustable and interdependent system parameters (e.g., routing
configurations, modulation format, symbol rate, coding schemes, etc.) that are
enabled by the usage of coherent transmission/reception technologies, advanced
digital signal processing and compensation of nonlinear effects in optical
fiber propagation. In this paper we provide an overview of the application of
ML to optical communications and networking. We classify and survey relevant
literature dealing with the topic, and we also provide an introductory tutorial
on ML for researchers and practitioners interested in this field. Although a
good number of research papers have recently appeared, the application of ML to
optical networks is still in its infancy: to stimulate further work in this
area, we conclude the paper proposing new possible research directions
It’s a Relationship: A Qualitative Exploration of the Challenges to Interorganizational Collaborative Relationships
Interorganizational collaboration is increasingly used to address social issues, but it can fail when the underlying relationships become damaged. This study explores the qualities, characteristics, and processes that can fracture collaborative relationships and the consequences of failing to correct these fractures. Using a qualitative design, interview data were collected from 19 executive directors of Canadian human service organizations. The findings highlight several challenges to collaboration and show the importance of exploring negative outcomes of inaction. An additional aim of this study is to provide strategies for building and nurturing collaborative relationships
Machine Learning in Wireless Sensor Networks: Algorithms, Strategies, and Applications
Wireless sensor networks monitor dynamic environments that change rapidly
over time. This dynamic behavior is either caused by external factors or
initiated by the system designers themselves. To adapt to such conditions,
sensor networks often adopt machine learning techniques to eliminate the need
for unnecessary redesign. Machine learning also inspires many practical
solutions that maximize resource utilization and prolong the lifespan of the
network. In this paper, we present an extensive literature review over the
period 2002-2013 of machine learning methods that were used to address common
issues in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The advantages and disadvantages of
each proposed algorithm are evaluated against the corresponding problem. We
also provide a comparative guide to aid WSN designers in developing suitable
machine learning solutions for their specific application challenges.Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorial
Investigation of Entrepreneurial Marketing Practices in Social Enterprises in the Context of Bangladesh
Despite the strong integration between marketing and entrepreneurship in practice and increasing attention towards social entrepreneurship (SE), marketing scholarsclaim that the current SE conceptualisation has yet satisfactorily offered a
comprehensive framework for research, policy and practice adjoining its marketing phenomenon. This study thus employs entrepreneurial marketing (EM) as a theoretical framework to analyse and develop an insight into the practices used by social
enterprises. As social enterprises typically seek betterment of social, environmental, and community-based initiatives and gain, the EM strategy often fits well for this venture as more unconventional means of marketing are usually required for such
enterprises.
In particular, this research investigates how social enterprises apply EM in Bangladesh, an emerging economy. In Bangladesh, Social Enterprises (SE) have experienced many challenges, including achieving long-term growth and remaining in business due to their unsustainable business models and lack of competitiveness in a highly competitive global market. A qualitative case study has been in this thesis adopts approach to examine the EM strategy and its practices. Data was also gathered and analysed through secondary sources such as online observation by reviewing websites, Facebook, YouTube, and different reports from case study SEs. In line with the interpretive approach, this online observation and case study method allows the researcher to gain insight into EM practices that helps the development of a new framework. Further, data was collected from interviews with the entrepreneurs and respective managers from some selected case study SEs. The researcher used a combination of purposive and snowballing sampling to determine 14 participants (entrepreneurs and managers) from seven case study SEs for in-depth interviews. Data triangulation was conducted to ensure the authenticity of data and information through in-depth interviewing of an additional five social entrepreneurs from five different SEs.
By examining EM within the context of the social entrepreneurship sector, this study investigates how SEs in an emerging economy apply EM strategy. In so doing, this research examines the elements essential to an EM framework when being applied to a SE context. Furthermore, it offers a clear explanation of the interactivity of the elements. The thesis contributes to the EM literature by proposing a new EM framework for SEs, responding to the scholarly inquiry of cross-disciplinary research.
A key contribution of this thesis lies in the integration of the social value creation element, an important aspect discussed in Shaw (2004) and Santos (2012), into the new EM framework and expanding this concept by introducing the empowerment dimension. In addition to the theoretical contributions, the research also offers managerial implications and suggestions for future studie
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'R.I.P. man...u are missed and loved by many': entextualising moments of mourning on a Facebook Rest in Peace group site
Digital media offer new domains for people to articulate aspects of their everyday selves, as well as to share resources, views, attitudes, and emotions on an unprecedented scale (Barton and Lee 2013; Georgakopoulou 2006; Jones and Hafner 2012). The recent emergence of online environments as new sites for the temporal, spatial and social expansion of death and mourning (Brubaker and Hayes 2011; Brubaker, Hayes and Dourish 2013) has attracted scholarly interest in digital post-death rituals of mourning and memorialisation as an important social phenomenon (Walter et al. 2011; de Vries and Roberts 2004).
While previous studies have been largely based on content analyses of individual MySpace logs and Facebook or discussion forum posts, the present study approaches digital memorial posts as entextualised moments of mourning shared with and for a networked audience (John 2013; Androutsopoulos 2014).
The article analyses a corpus of Facebook memorial posts (N=525) as post sequences, wall events and texts, looking at how content on the site is produced, shared and discursively regimented. Based on the analysis, it is suggested that the intextualisation of moments of mourning on Facebook is participatory: it involves users’ selection of moments for public display relating to offline ceremonies of mourning, calendar-important dates or personal updates and contributing to the production of a textured wall in memory of the dead. The textuality of posts is found to rely on an ad hoc blending of formal genres of mourning and vernacular genres of writing dependent on (i) situational (date of posting activity, position in the post sequence) and (ii) extra-textual parameters (gender of poster, relationship with the deceased). The present socio-discursive investigation contributes to the growing, in-depth understanding of the texture and textuality of Web 2.0 mourning practices
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