457 research outputs found
30th European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2023)
This is the abstract book of 30th European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2023
Modern meat: the next generation of meat from cells
Modern Meat is the first textbook on cultivated meat, with contributions from over 100 experts within the cultivated meat community.
The Sections of Modern Meat comprise 5 broad categories of cultivated meat: Context, Impact, Science, Society, and World.
The 19 chapters of Modern Meat, spread across these 5 sections, provide detailed entries on cultivated meat. They extensively tour a range of topics including the impact of cultivated meat on humans and animals, the bioprocess of cultivated meat production, how cultivated meat may become a food option in Space and on Mars, and how cultivated meat may impact the economy, culture, and tradition of Asia
The BIRD Study:How should best interests decisions concerning end-stage kidney disease care for adults be made?
This thesis investigates “best interests” decisions concerning the care of adults with or approaching end-stage kidney failure. I focus on the ethico-legal dimensions of questions of dialysis provision versus conservative kidney management. Through an empirical bioethics approach, I complement my normative inquiry with qualitative exploration of the views and experiences of three stakeholder groups: nephrologists, renal nurses, and “consultees” (family members).Limited existing literature lacks consensus on how these decisions should be made, but overwhelmingly recognises difficulties in involving various stakeholders and manoeuvring towards an appropriate decision without conflict. There is acknowledgement of the complexity of balancing medical and non-medical factors, with particular reference to what the patient might value. Participants in my own empirical research similarly highlighted areas of conflict in their own experiences. Whilst wanting to respect the patient’s own care preferences, healthcare professionals and consultees alike spoke of a difficulty in accurately identifying such preferences. For professionals, resulting disagreements had the potential to lead them down the “path of least resistance” in trying to maintain relationships with those close to the patient.Employing a process of reflective equilibrium, I combine my own intuitions with the perspectives identified in the literature and my empirical data to reach a set of coherent positions on how these best interests decisions should be made. I argue that active discussions should begin in advance of any significant care decision arising. These should focus on exploring not only what care options the patient might want, but also how the patient might want any future best interests decision to be approached. Further, these discussions should include the clarification of stakeholder roles in best interests decisions and sensitively set expectations – following which, strong communication should remain consistent. In addition, I highlight where research is needed to supplement my recommendations
Bad Blood: A Critical Inquiry into UK Blood Donor Activism
Since 1983, men who have sex with men have been prohibited from donating blood in the UK on the basis of purportedly elevated rates of HIV and other transfusion transmissible infections. This policy of deferral, known to many as the ‘gay blood ban’, has persisted in some form ever since and has been the subject of protest by individuals or groups termed blood donor activists. Utilising an array of theory from across science and technology studies (STS) and queer studies – situated at the nexus of a burgeoning queer STS – this thesis is a critical inquiry into UK blood donor activism. Drawing on archival research and 31 semi-structured interviews with blood donor activists in the UK as well as representatives of patient groups and the UK blood services, this research seeks to understand and critically interrogate the aims, motivations, and implications of the work of blood donor activists.
This thesis argues, first, that blood donor activism in the UK is motivated both by an opposition to blood donor deferral criteria as a technology of homophobia and a contingent framing of blood donation as an altruistic act, which marks out blood donors as good and happy citizens (an affective economy into which queer men seek inclusion). This thesis goes on to argue, however, that blood donor activism is a deeply homonormative political form with a politics that tends to centre ‘respectable’ (e.g. monogamous) gay men at the expense of other figures of risk, like sex workers or promiscuous queers. These politics, this thesis contends, are a product not merely of activist agencies but the epistemic (hetero)norms of the biomedical context within which lay activists seek to raise their credibility. This thesis suggests, therefore, that blood donor activism operates in pursuit of Pyrrhic victories governed by chilling structures that demand we seek alternative routes of political investment
2022 Touro University System Faculty Publications
The 2022 edition of the Faculty Publications Book of the Touro University system. This bibliography contains the published works of affiliated authors during 2022, arranged by academic unit.https://touroscholar.touro.edu/facpubs/1012/thumbnail.jp
Re-emergence of Neglected Tropical Diseases amid the COVID-19 Pandemic : Epidemiology, Transmission, Mitigation Strategies, and Recent Advances in Chemotherapy and Vaccines
The current re-emergence of neglected tropical diseases (NTD) amid the global COVID-19 pandemic requires increased attention. These include communicable and vector-borne diseases caused by various fungi, bacteria (e.g. tuberculosis), viruses (e.g. dengue, Chikungunya fever, monkeypox, Marburg and Ebola virus disease, poliomyelitis, rabies), and parasites (e.g. filariasis, malaria, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis). Whilst the vast majority of such diseases remain endemic to specific regions of the world (e.g. tropical Africa), some - like those caused by the Ebola virus, the Marburg virus, and more recently the Monkeypox virus - have been reported elsewhere (e.g. Europe and America), forcing public health boards in various countries to take all necessary precautions to control such a spread. The Department for Control of Neglected Tropical Disease was created in 2005 by the World Health Organization (WHO) to tackle NTD. In 2021, the 74th World Health Assembly proposed a 9-year plan (2021-2030) intended to eradicate neglected diseases. Over the past three years, COVID-19 has had a significant impact on socio-economic activities and healthcare systems worldwide. With the WHO recently declaring the global monkeypox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, a coordinated effort among high-income and low/middle-income countries is now more than ever recommended to address the threat posed by the worldwide re-emergence of some NTD. There is currently a lack of knowledge on understanding how such diseases are transmitted and what mitigation strategies should be put in place to control their spread. Better availability of diagnostic tests, vaccines, and drugs in affected countries is also required. In this Research Topic, we wish to address how to best tackle the re-emergence of NTD in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This collection welcomes a range of articles including opinion, commentary, systematic reviews, and original research articles on epidemiology, transmission, mitigation strategies, and recent advances in chemotherapy and vaccines for these NTD
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