106 research outputs found

    QoS-aware architectures, technologies, and middleware for the cloud continuum

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    The recent trend of moving Cloud Computing capabilities to the Edge of the network is reshaping how applications and their middleware supports are designed, deployed, and operated. This new model envisions a continuum of virtual resources between the traditional cloud and the network edge, which is potentially more suitable to meet the heterogeneous Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of diverse application domains and next-generation applications. Several classes of advanced Internet of Things (IoT) applications, e.g., in the industrial manufacturing domain, are expected to serve a wide range of applications with heterogeneous QoS requirements and call for QoS management systems to guarantee/control performance indicators, even in the presence of real-world factors such as limited bandwidth and concurrent virtual resource utilization. The present dissertation proposes a comprehensive QoS-aware architecture that addresses the challenges of integrating cloud infrastructure with edge nodes in IoT applications. The architecture provides end-to-end QoS support by incorporating several components for managing physical and virtual resources. The proposed architecture features: i) a multilevel middleware for resolving the convergence between Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT), ii) an end-to-end QoS management approach compliant with the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) standard, iii) new approaches for virtualized network environments, such as running TSN-based applications under Ultra-low Latency (ULL) constraints in virtual and 5G environments, and iv) an accelerated and deterministic container overlay network architecture. Additionally, the QoS-aware architecture includes two novel middlewares: i) a middleware that transparently integrates multiple acceleration technologies in heterogeneous Edge contexts and ii) a QoS-aware middleware for Serverless platforms that leverages coordination of various QoS mechanisms and virtualized Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) invocation stack to manage end-to-end QoS metrics. Finally, all architecture components were tested and evaluated by leveraging realistic testbeds, demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed solutions

    Systematic Approaches for Telemedicine and Data Coordination for COVID-19 in Baja California, Mexico

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    Conference proceedings info: ICICT 2023: 2023 The 6th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologies Raleigh, HI, United States, March 24-26, 2023 Pages 529-542We provide a model for systematic implementation of telemedicine within a large evaluation center for COVID-19 in the area of Baja California, Mexico. Our model is based on human-centric design factors and cross disciplinary collaborations for scalable data-driven enablement of smartphone, cellular, and video Teleconsul-tation technologies to link hospitals, clinics, and emergency medical services for point-of-care assessments of COVID testing, and for subsequent treatment and quar-antine decisions. A multidisciplinary team was rapidly created, in cooperation with different institutions, including: the Autonomous University of Baja California, the Ministry of Health, the Command, Communication and Computer Control Center of the Ministry of the State of Baja California (C4), Colleges of Medicine, and the College of Psychologists. Our objective is to provide information to the public and to evaluate COVID-19 in real time and to track, regional, municipal, and state-wide data in real time that informs supply chains and resource allocation with the anticipation of a surge in COVID-19 cases. RESUMEN Proporcionamos un modelo para la implementación sistemática de la telemedicina dentro de un gran centro de evaluación de COVID-19 en el área de Baja California, México. Nuestro modelo se basa en factores de diseño centrados en el ser humano y colaboraciones interdisciplinarias para la habilitación escalable basada en datos de tecnologías de teleconsulta de teléfonos inteligentes, celulares y video para vincular hospitales, clínicas y servicios médicos de emergencia para evaluaciones de COVID en el punto de atención. pruebas, y para el tratamiento posterior y decisiones de cuarentena. Rápidamente se creó un equipo multidisciplinario, en cooperación con diferentes instituciones, entre ellas: la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, la Secretaría de Salud, el Centro de Comando, Comunicaciones y Control Informático. de la Secretaría del Estado de Baja California (C4), Facultades de Medicina y Colegio de Psicólogos. Nuestro objetivo es proporcionar información al público y evaluar COVID-19 en tiempo real y rastrear datos regionales, municipales y estatales en tiempo real que informan las cadenas de suministro y la asignación de recursos con la anticipación de un aumento de COVID-19. 19 casos.ICICT 2023: 2023 The 6th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologieshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3236-

    IoT Applications Computing

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    The evolution of emerging and innovative technologies based on Industry 4.0 concepts are transforming society and industry into a fully digitized and networked globe. Sensing, communications, and computing embedded with ambient intelligence are at the heart of the Internet of Things (IoT), the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), and Industry 4.0 technologies with expanding applications in manufacturing, transportation, health, building automation, agriculture, and the environment. It is expected that the emerging technology clusters of ambient intelligence computing will not only transform modern industry but also advance societal health and wellness, as well as and make the environment more sustainable. This book uses an interdisciplinary approach to explain the complex issue of scientific and technological innovations largely based on intelligent computing

    Contributions to energy-aware demand-response systems using SDN and NFV for fog computing

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    Ever-increasing energy consumption, the depletion of non-renewable resources, the climate impact associated with energy generation, and finite energy-production capacity are important concerns worldwide that drive the urgent creation of new energy management and consumption schemes. In this regard, by leveraging the massive connectivity provided by emerging communications such as the 5G systems, this thesis proposes a long-term sustainable Demand-Response solution for the adaptive and efficient management of available energy consumption for Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructures, in which energy utilization is optimized based on the available supply. In the proposed approach, energy management focuses on consumer devices (e.g., appliances such as a light bulb or a screen). In this regard, by proposing that each consumer device be part of an IoT infrastructure, it is feasible to control its respective consumption. The proposal includes an architecture that uses Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking technologies as enablers to promote the primary use of energy from renewable sources. Associated with architecture, this thesis presents a novel consumption model conditioned on availability in which consumers are part of the management process. To efficiently use the energy from renewable and non-renewable sources, several management strategies are herein proposed, such as the prioritization of the energy supply, workload scheduling using time-shifting capabilities, and quality degradation to decrease- the power demanded by consumers if needed. The adaptive energy management solution is modeled as an Integer Linear Programming, and its complexity has been identified to be NP-Hard. To verify the improvements in energy utilization, an optimal algorithmic solution based on a brute force search has been implemented and evaluated. Because the hardness of the adaptive energy management problem and the non-polynomial growth of its optimal solution, which is limited to energy management for a small number of energy demands (e.g., 10 energy demands) and small values of management mechanisms, several faster suboptimal algorithmic strategies have been proposed and implemented. In this context, at the first stage, we implemented three heuristic strategies: a greedy strategy (GreedyTs), a genetic-algorithm-based solution (GATs), and a dynamic programming approach (DPTs). Then, we incorporated into both the optimal and heuristic strategies a prepartitioning method in which the total set of analyzed services is divided into subsets of smaller size and complexity that are solved iteratively. As a result of the adaptive energy management in this thesis, we present eight strategies, one timal and seven heuristic, that when deployed in communications infrastructures such as the NFV domain, seek the best possible scheduling of demands, which lead to efficient energy utilization. The performance of the algorithmic strategies has been validated through extensive simulations in several scenarios, demonstrating improvements in energy consumption and the processing of energy demands. Additionally, the simulation results revealed that the heuristic approaches produce high-quality solutions close to the optimal while executing among two and seven orders of magnitude faster and with applicability to scenarios with thousands and hundreds of thousands of energy demands. This thesis also explores possible application scenarios of both the proposed architecture for adaptive energy management and algorithmic strategies. In this regard, we present some examples, including adaptive energy management in-home systems and 5G networks slicing, energy-aware management solutions for unmanned aerial vehicles, also known as drones, and applicability for the efficient allocation of spectrum in flex-grid optical networks. Finally, this thesis presents open research problems and discusses other application scenarios and future work.El constante aumento del consumo de energía, el agotamiento de los recursos no renovables, el impacto climático asociado con la generación de energía y la capacidad finita de producción de energía son preocupaciones importantes en todo el mundo que impulsan la creación urgente de nuevos esquemas de consumo y gestión de energía. Al aprovechar la conectividad masiva que brindan las comunicaciones emergentes como los sistemas 5G, esta tesis propone una solución de Respuesta a la Demanda sostenible a largo plazo para la gestión adaptativa y eficiente del consumo de energía disponible para las infraestructuras de Internet of Things (IoT), en el que se optimiza la utilización de la energía en función del suministro disponible. En el enfoque propuesto, la gestión de la energía se centra en los dispositivos de consumo (por ejemplo, electrodomésticos). En este sentido, al proponer que cada dispositivo de consumo sea parte de una infraestructura IoT, es factible controlar su respectivo consumo. La propuesta incluye una arquitectura que utiliza tecnologías de Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) y Software Defined Networking como habilitadores para promover el uso principal de energía de fuentes renovables. Asociada a la arquitectura, esta tesis presenta un modelo de consumo condicionado a la disponibilidad en el que los consumidores son parte del proceso de gestión. Para utilizar eficientemente la energía de fuentes renovables y no renovables, se proponen varias estrategias de gestión, como la priorización del suministro de energía, la programación de la carga de trabajo utilizando capacidades de cambio de tiempo y la degradación de la calidad para disminuir la potencia demandada. La solución de gestión de energía adaptativa se modela como un problema de programación lineal entera con complejidad NP-Hard. Para verificar las mejoras en la utilización de energía, se ha implementado y evaluado una solución algorítmica óptima basada en una búsqueda de fuerza bruta. Debido a la dureza del problema de gestión de energía adaptativa y el crecimiento no polinomial de su solución óptima, que se limita a la gestión de energía para un pequeño número de demandas de energía (por ejemplo, 10 demandas) y pequeños valores de los mecanismos de gestión, varias estrategias algorítmicas subóptimos más rápidos se han propuesto. En este contexto, en la primera etapa, implementamos tres estrategias heurísticas: una estrategia codiciosa (GreedyTs), una solución basada en algoritmos genéticos (GATs) y un enfoque de programación dinámica (DPTs). Luego, incorporamos tanto en la estrategia óptima como en la- heurística un método de prepartición en el que el conjunto total de servicios analizados se divide en subconjuntos de menor tamaño y complejidad que se resuelven iterativamente. Como resultado de la gestión adaptativa de la energía en esta tesis, presentamos ocho estrategias, una óptima y siete heurísticas, que cuando se despliegan en infraestructuras de comunicaciones como el dominio NFV, buscan la mejor programación posible de las demandas, que conduzcan a un uso eficiente de la energía. El desempeño de las estrategias algorítmicas ha sido validado a través de extensas simulaciones en varios escenarios, demostrando mejoras en el consumo de energía y el procesamiento de las demandas de energía. Los resultados de la simulación revelaron que los enfoques heurísticos producen soluciones de alta calidad cercanas a las óptimas mientras se ejecutan entre dos y siete órdenes de magnitud más rápido y con aplicabilidad a escenarios con miles y cientos de miles de demandas de energía. Esta tesis también explora posibles escenarios de aplicación tanto de la arquitectura propuesta para la gestión adaptativa de la energía como de las estrategias algorítmicas. En este sentido, presentamos algunos ejemplos, que incluyen sistemas de gestión de energía adaptativa en el hogar, en 5G networkPostprint (published version

    From the edge to the core : towards informed vantage point selection for internet measurement studies

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    Since the early days of the Internet, measurement scientists are trying to keep up with the fast-paced development of the Internet. As the Internet grew organically over time and without build-in measurability, this process requires many workarounds and due diligence. As a result, every measurement study is only as good as the data it relies on. Moreover, data quality is relative to the research question—a data set suitable to analyze one problem may be insufficient for another. This is entirely expected as the Internet is decentralized, i.e., there is no single observation point from which we can assess the complete state of the Internet. Because of that, every measurement study needs specifically selected vantage points, which fit the research question. In this thesis, we present three different vantage points across the Internet topology— from the edge to the Internet core. We discuss their specific features, suitability for different kinds of research questions, and how to work with the corresponding data. The data sets obtained at the presented vantage points allow us to conduct three different measurement studies and shed light on the following aspects: (a) The prevalence of IP source address spoofing at a large European Internet Exchange Point (IXP), (b) the propagation distance of BGP communities, an optional transitive BGP attribute used for traffic engineering, and (c) the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on Internet usage behavior at a large Internet Service Provider (ISP) and three IXPs.Seit den frühen Tagen des Internets versuchen Forscher im Bereich Internet Measu- rement, mit der rasanten Entwicklung des des Internets Schritt zu halten. Da das Internet im Laufe der Zeit organisch gewachsen ist und nicht mit Blick auf Messbar- keit entwickelt wurde, erfordert dieser Prozess eine Meg Workarounds und Sorgfalt. Jede Measurement Studie ist nur so gut wie die Daten, auf die sie sich stützt. Und Datenqualität ist relativ zur Forschungsfrage - ein Datensatz, der für die Analyse eines Problems geeiget ist, kann für ein anderes unzureichend sein. Dies ist durchaus zu erwarten, da das Internet dezentralisiert ist, d. h. es gibt keinen einzigen Be- obachtungspunkt, von dem aus wir den gesamten Zustand des Internets beurteilen können. Aus diesem Grund benötigt jede Measurement Studie gezielt ausgewählte Beobachtungspunkte, die zur Forschungsfrage passen. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir drei verschiedene Beobachtungspunkte vor, die sich über die gsamte Internet-Topologie erstrecken— vom Rand bis zum Kern des Internets. Wir diskutieren ihre spezifischen Eigenschaften, ihre Eignung für verschiedene Klas- sen von Forschungsfragen und den Umgang mit den entsprechenden Daten. Die an den vorgestellten Beobachtungspunkten gewonnenen Datensätze ermöglichen uns die Durchführung von drei verschiedenen Measurement Studien und damit die folgenden Aspekte zu beleuchten: (a) Die Prävalenz von IP Source Address Spoofing bei einem großen europäischen Internet Exchange Point (IXP), (b) die Ausbreitungsdistanz von BGP-Communities, ein optionales transitives BGP-Attribut, das Anwendung im Bereich Traffic-Enigneering findet sowie (c) die Auswirkungen der globalen COVID- 19-Pandemie auf das Internet-Nutzungsverhalten an einem großen Internet Service Provider (ISP) und drei IXPs

    Radio Communications

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    In the last decades the restless evolution of information and communication technologies (ICT) brought to a deep transformation of our habits. The growth of the Internet and the advances in hardware and software implementations modified our way to communicate and to share information. In this book, an overview of the major issues faced today by researchers in the field of radio communications is given through 35 high quality chapters written by specialists working in universities and research centers all over the world. Various aspects will be deeply discussed: channel modeling, beamforming, multiple antennas, cooperative networks, opportunistic scheduling, advanced admission control, handover management, systems performance assessment, routing issues in mobility conditions, localization, web security. Advanced techniques for the radio resource management will be discussed both in single and multiple radio technologies; either in infrastructure, mesh or ad hoc networks

    Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

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    Guiding readers through the basics of these rapidly emerging networks to more advanced concepts and future expectations, Mobile Ad hoc Networks: Current Status and Future Trends identifies and examines the most pressing research issues in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). Containing the contributions of leading researchers, industry professionals, and academics, this forward-looking reference provides an authoritative perspective of the state of the art in MANETs. The book includes surveys of recent publications that investigate key areas of interest such as limited resources and the mobility of mobile nodes. It considers routing, multicast, energy, security, channel assignment, and ensuring quality of service. Also suitable as a text for graduate students, the book is organized into three sections: Fundamentals of MANET Modeling and Simulation—Describes how MANETs operate and perform through simulations and models Communication Protocols of MANETs—Presents cutting-edge research on key issues, including MAC layer issues and routing in high mobility Future Networks Inspired By MANETs—Tackles open research issues and emerging trends Illustrating the role MANETs are likely to play in future networks, this book supplies the foundation and insight you will need to make your own contributions to the field. It includes coverage of routing protocols, modeling and simulations tools, intelligent optimization techniques to multicriteria routing, security issues in FHAMIPv6, connecting moving smart objects to the Internet, underwater sensor networks, wireless mesh network architecture and protocols, adaptive routing provision using Bayesian inference, and adaptive flow control in transport layer using genetic algorithms

    Managing Device and Platform Heterogeneity through the Web of Things

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    The chaotic growth of the IoT determined a fragmented landscape with a huge number of devices, technologies, and platforms available on the market, and consequential issues of interoperability on many system deployments. The Web of Things (WoT) architecture recently proposed by the W3C consortium constitutes a novel solution to enable interoperability across IoT Platforms and application domains. At the same time, in order to see an effective improvement, a wide adoption of the W3C WoT solutions from the academic and industrial communities is required; this translates into the need of accurate and complete support tools to ease the deployment of W3C WoT applications, as well as reference guidelines about how to enable the WoT on top of existing IoT scenarios and how to deploy WoT scenarios from scratch. In this thesis, we bring three main contributions for filling such gap: (1) we introduce the WoT Store, a novel platform for managing and easing the deployment of Things and applications on the W3C WoT, and additional strategies for bringing old legacy IoT systems into the WoT. The WoT Store allows the dynamic discovery of the resources available in the environment, i.e. the Things, and to interact with each of them through a dashboard by visualizing their properties, executing commands, or observing the notifications produced. (2) We map three different IoT scenarios to WoT scenarios: a generic heterogeneous environmental monitoring scenario, a structural health monitoring scenario and an Industry4.0 scenario. (3) We make proposals to improve both the W3C standard and the node-wot software stack design: in the first case, new vocabularies are needed in order to handle particular protocols employed in industrial scenarios, while in the second case we present some contributions required for the dynamic instantiation and the migration of Web Things and WoT services in a cloud-to-edge continuum environment

    Smart Wireless Sensor Networks

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    The recent development of communication and sensor technology results in the growth of a new attractive and challenging area - wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A wireless sensor network which consists of a large number of sensor nodes is deployed in environmental fields to serve various applications. Facilitated with the ability of wireless communication and intelligent computation, these nodes become smart sensors which do not only perceive ambient physical parameters but also be able to process information, cooperate with each other and self-organize into the network. These new features assist the sensor nodes as well as the network to operate more efficiently in terms of both data acquisition and energy consumption. Special purposes of the applications require design and operation of WSNs different from conventional networks such as the internet. The network design must take into account of the objectives of specific applications. The nature of deployed environment must be considered. The limited of sensor nodes� resources such as memory, computational ability, communication bandwidth and energy source are the challenges in network design. A smart wireless sensor network must be able to deal with these constraints as well as to guarantee the connectivity, coverage, reliability and security of network's operation for a maximized lifetime. This book discusses various aspects of designing such smart wireless sensor networks. Main topics includes: design methodologies, network protocols and algorithms, quality of service management, coverage optimization, time synchronization and security techniques for sensor networks

    Satellite Communications

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    This study is motivated by the need to give the reader a broad view of the developments, key concepts, and technologies related to information society evolution, with a focus on the wireless communications and geoinformation technologies and their role in the environment. Giving perspective, it aims at assisting people active in the industry, the public sector, and Earth science fields as well, by providing a base for their continued work and thinking
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