8,866 research outputs found

    UMSL Bulletin 2023-2024

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    The 2023-2024 Bulletin and Course Catalog for the University of Missouri St. Louis.https://irl.umsl.edu/bulletin/1088/thumbnail.jp

    Graduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    Resolving Social Inhibition During Emotion-Focused Therapy for Depression: A Task Analytic Discovery

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    The aim of this study was to create a model of the resolution of social inhibition (SI) during emotion-focused therapy (EFT; Greenberg et al., 1993) for depression. Employing the steps of the discovery phase of a task analysis (Greenberg, 2007), a rational model of the resolution of SI was first developed. Client markers of SI were also conjectured. Following this, performances of the resolution and non-resolution of SI over a course of EFT therapy for depression were observed, using archival data of six clients from clinical trials of EFT for depression (Greenberg & Watson, 1998; Goldman et al., 2006). Resolution was defined as having an SI score on the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (Horowitz et al., 1988) in the normal range, as indicated by norms, at 18-month follow-up post therapy. The empirical observations were then synthetized with the rational model to create a final rational-empirical model outlining the resolution of SI. The final model identified 6 components: (1) SI Markers; (2) Maladaptive shame and fear expressed by the client’s inhibited self; (3) Client connects SI Agent to painful past original source; (4) A power shift that results in an overcoming of the part of client that perpetuates SI (through expression of assertive anger and hurt/grief, needs for support and acceptance, and deservingness of needs); (5) Client is willing to take risks despite potential hurt/grief; and (6) Increased expression of self-assertion. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings are considered. Limitations and future research directions are discussed

    Southern Adventist University Undergraduate Catalog 2022-2023

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    Southern Adventist University\u27s undergraduate catalog for the academic year 2022-2023.https://knowledge.e.southern.edu/undergrad_catalog/1121/thumbnail.jp

    Complexity Science in Human Change

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    This reprint encompasses fourteen contributions that offer avenues towards a better understanding of complex systems in human behavior. The phenomena studied here are generally pattern formation processes that originate in social interaction and psychotherapy. Several accounts are also given of the coordination in body movements and in physiological, neuronal and linguistic processes. A common denominator of such pattern formation is that complexity and entropy of the respective systems become reduced spontaneously, which is the hallmark of self-organization. The various methodological approaches of how to model such processes are presented in some detail. Results from the various methods are systematically compared and discussed. Among these approaches are algorithms for the quantification of synchrony by cross-correlational statistics, surrogate control procedures, recurrence mapping and network models.This volume offers an informative and sophisticated resource for scholars of human change, and as well for students at advanced levels, from graduate to post-doctoral. The reprint is multidisciplinary in nature, binding together the fields of medicine, psychology, physics, and neuroscience

    Relationship of Parent-Child Temperament and Parent Responsivity on Language Outcomes in Autistic Children

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    The purpose of this quantitative, correlational study was to investigate the relationship between parent and child temperament on language acquisition as well as the relationship between parent responsivity and parent-child temperament in autistic children. Participants were 25 parent-child dyads of autistic children between the ages 2 and 8 years of age (18 boys, 7 girls). Parents provided ratings of their temperament and their child’s temperament. The child’s expressive language, receptive language, and receptive vocabulary were assessed by a licensed speech-language pathologist. Parents’ engagement with their children were rated by undergraduate research assistants blind to the study using a Likert rating scale for parent-responsive behaviors. There were several significant findings in the 2-year-old and 3- to 6-year-old age groups. In the 2-year-old age group, significant correlation coefficients were found for the associations between adult effortful control and the autistic child’s language, child extraversion and their language, parent responsivity and adult extraversion and negative affect, and finally parent responsivity and child effortful control. Then in the 3- to 6-year age group, there was a significant positive correlation between the autistic child’s negative affect and their expressive language. Lastly, in the 7- to 8-year age group, there was a near significant association between adult effortful control and the autistic child’s language. Overall, these findings indicate the importance of identifying the parent's and child's temperament and the impact both have on the autistic child’s language and their parent’s responsive behaviors to enhance the therapy model and improve relationships to maximize the child’s ability to acquire language

    Attracting and Sustaining Volunteers: Leadership Impact on the Recruitment and Retention of Volunteers in Nonprofit Organizations, and Differences Observed when Organizations are Predicated on Faith

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    The term “volunteer” has been formally acknowledged for more than 200 years (Dreyfus, 2018; Haski-Leventhal et al., 2018). It is synonymous with one who freely offers to participate in a task that benefits others. During the modern era, these tasks have included, but have not been limited to, establishing communal programs, presenting technical assistance, conducting conferences, fundraising, and supporting identified causes or groups (Alfes et al., 2017). In most instances, the tasks are rendered through nonprofit organizations. Therefore, volunteers represent invaluable assets as they are economic resources who contribute to accomplishing stated organizational goals (Tonurist & Surva, 2017). While more than 30% of the United States population was shown to have volunteered in 2018, this was, unfortunately, an aberration, as the previous 15 years had exhibited predominantly declining volunteer rates (Grimm & Dietz, 2018). The ability of nonprofit organizations to recruit and retain volunteers is critical to their respective missions and operations. Therefore, this qualitative research employed a multiple case study approach to examine whether there is a correlation between the leaders of these organizations and general retention data. Each of the three studies consisted of five participants who, through responses to questionnaires and interviews, shared firsthand experiences in relation to their volunteerism in nonprofit organizations. In addition to their direct experiences, they were asked to indicate if and how personal faith may have shaped their involvement in the organization(s). Findings derived from the participant responses indicate that leaders are one of the meaningful elements tied to the recruitment and retention of volunteers in nonprofit organizations. This effectuality of leaders is most vivid through their personality, their ability to embolden others, the type of relationship maintained with volunteers, and the various tactics utilized. Additionally, while individual volunteers may be devout regarding their personal spirituality, they are frequently unable to differentiate between the operations of organizations that are and are not predicated on faith. Hence, faith has limited influence on their viewpoint of the leader or the organization they’ve selected to provide service

    Measuring the Severity of Depression from Text using Graph Representation Learning

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    The common practice of psychology in measuring the severity of a patient's depressive symptoms is based on an interactive conversation between a clinician and the patient. In this dissertation, we focus on predicting a score representing the severity of depression from such a text. We first present a generic graph neural network (GNN) to automatically rate severity using patient transcripts. We also test a few sequence-based deep models in the same task. We then propose a novel form for node attributes within a GNN-based model that captures node-specific embedding for every word in the vocabulary. This provides a global representation of each node, coupled with node-level updates according to associations between words in a transcript. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of our GNN-based model on a Twitter sentiment dataset to classify three different sentiments and on Alzheimer's data to differentiate Alzheimer’s disease from healthy individuals respectively. In addition to applying the GNN model to learn a prediction model from the text, we provide post-hoc explanations of the model's decisions for all three tasks using the model's gradients

    Off-time Illness: When Young Adults get Illnesses Associated with Old Age

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    This dissertation explores the lived experiences of young adults with cancer through qualitative methods, including 40 in-depth interviews and participant observation. This dissertation extends sociological inquiry to an under examined population, young adults with cancer. This dissertation focuses on how age and life course state shape illness experience, with attentiveness to variations based on race, class, and gender. Young adulthood is socially constructed as a period of health, and cancer as a disease of old age. Such assumptions shape age-specific social support systems, medical practices, and perceptions of young adult bodies, impacting young adult experiences of illness. This manuscript analyzes themes of young adults’ experience of diagnosis. Young adults experience diagnosis as a multi-sited process encompassing self-diagnosis and professional diagnosis. A central theme in these accounts was the difficulty navigating the age-specific construction of young adulthood as a period of health and cancer as a disease of old age. Second, this project explores the experience of the body for young adults with cancer, focusing on the experience of aberration or out of placeness. Shaped by the institutional environment, aberration represents both the embodied experience of the young adult patient and the positionality of a young adult patient in medical knowledge. This aberration resulted in a loss of agency, especially regarding reproductive autonomy. A third research aim explores the impact of a cancer diagnosis on education, occupation, family formation, and the role of institutions in supporting or exacerbating this disruption. My findings demonstrate universal disruptions in education, occupation, and family formations. The timing of this disruption during the transitional period of young adulthood resulted in potentially long-term, cascading impacts. Finally, this project explores life after a cancer diagnosis. Young adults expressed uncertainty and a recognition of mortality independent of their health status. In response, young adults employ strategies informed by common sense narratives and ideologies, including bodily labor, family work, and support work
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