121,473 research outputs found
Efficient Semiparametric Estimation of the Fama–French Model and Extensions
This paper develops a new estimation procedure for characteristic-based factor models
of stock returns. We treat the factor model as a weighted additive nonparametric
regression model, with the factor returns serving as time-varying weights and a set
of univariate nonparametric functions relating security characteristic to the associated
factor betas. We use a time-series and cross-sectional pooled weighted additive nonparametric
regression methodology to simultaneously estimate the factor returns and
characteristic-beta functions. By avoiding the curse of dimensionality, our methodology
allows for a larger number of factors than existing semiparametric methods. We
apply the technique to the three-factor Fama–French model, Carhart’s four-factor extension
of it that adds a momentum factor, and a five-factor extension that adds an
own-volatility factor. We find that momentum and own-volatility factors are at least as
important, if not more important, than size and value in explaining equity return comovements.
We test the multifactor beta pricing theory against a general alternative
using a new nonparametric tes
Von Neumann's 'No Hidden Variables' Proof: A Re-Appraisal
Since the analysis by John Bell in 1965, the consensus in the literature is
that von Neumann's 'no hidden variables' proof fails to exclude any significant
class of hidden variables. Bell raised the question whether it could be shown
that any hidden variable theory would have to be nonlocal, and in this sense
'like Bohm's theory.' His seminal result provides a positive answer to the
question. I argue that Bell's analysis misconstrues von Neumann's argument.
What von Neumann proved was the impossibility of recovering the quantum
probabilities from a hidden variable theory of dispersion free (deterministic)
states in which the quantum observables are represented as the 'beables' of the
theory, to use Bell's term. That is, the quantum probabilities could not
reflect the distribution of pre-measurement values of beables, but would have
to be derived in some other way, e.g., as in Bohm's theory, where the
probabilities are an artefact of a dynamical process that is not in fact a
measurement of any beable of the system.Comment: 8 pages, no figures; for Peter Mittelstaedt Festschrift issue of
Foundations of Physic
A six-factor asset pricing model
The present study introduce the human capital component to the Fama and
French five-factor model proposing an equilibrium six-factor asset pricing
model. The study employs an aggregate of four sets of portfolios mimicking size
and industry with varying dimensions. The first set consists of three set of
six portfolios each sorted on size to B/M, size to investment, and size to
momentum. The second set comprises of five index portfolios, third, a four-set
of twenty-five portfolios each sorted on size to B/M, size to investment, size
to profitability, and size to momentum, and the final set constitute thirty
industry portfolios. To estimate the parameters of six-factor asset pricing
model for the four sets of variant portfolios, we use OLS and Generalized
method of moments based robust instrumental variables technique (IVGMM). The
results obtained from the relevance, endogeneity, overidentifying restrictions,
and the Hausman's specification, tests indicate that the parameter estimates of
the six-factor model using IVGMM are robust and performs better than the OLS
approach. The human capital component shares equally the predictive power
alongside the factors in the framework in explaining the variations in return
on portfolios. Furthermore, we assess the t-ratio of the human capital
component of each IVGMM estimates of the six-factor asset pricing model for the
four sets of variant portfolios. The t-ratio of the human capital of the
eighty-three IVGMM estimates are more than 3.00 with reference to the standard
proposed by Harvey et al. (2016). This indicates the empirical success of the
six-factor asset-pricing model in explaining the variation in asset returns
The Harari-Shupe preon model and nonrelativistic quantum phase space
We propose that the whole algebraic structure of the Harari-Shupe rishon
model originates via a Dirac-like linearization of quadratic form x^2+p^2, with
position and momentum satisfying standard commutation relations. The scheme
does not invoke the concept of preons as spin-1/2 subparticles, thus evading
the problem of preon confinement, while fully explaining all symmetries emboded
in the Harari-Shupe model. Furthermore, the concept of quark colour is
naturally linked to the ordering of rishons. Our scheme leads to group
U(1)xSU(3) combined with SU(2), with two of the SU(2) generators not commuting
with reflections. An interpretation of intra-generation quark-lepton
transformations in terms of genuine rotations and reflections in phase space is
proposed
A Global Potential Analysis of the O+Si Reaction Using a New Type of Coupling Potential
A new approach has been used to explain the experimental data for the
O+Si system over a wide energy range in the laboratory system
from 29.0 to 142.5 MeV. A number of serious problems has continued to plague
the study of this system for a couple of decades. The explanation of anomalous
large angle scattering data; the reproduction of the oscillatory structure near
the Coulomb barrier; the out-of-phase problem between theoretical predictions
and experimental data; the consistent description of angular distributions
together with excitation functions data are just some of these problems. These
are long standing problems that have persisted over the years and do represent
a challenge calling for a consistent framework to resolve these difficulties
within a unified approach. Traditional frameworks have failed to describe these
phenomena within a single model and have so far only offered different
approaches where these difficulties are investigated separately from one
another. The present work offers a plausible framework where all these
difficulties are investigated and answered. Not only it improves the
simultaneous fits to the data of these diverse observables, achieving this
within a unified approach over a wide energy range, but it departs for its
coupling potential from the standard formulation. This new feature is shown to
improve consistently the agreement with the experimental data and has made
major improvement on all the previous coupled-channels calculations for this
system.Comment: 21 pages with 12 figure
Momentum Equity Strategies: Are Certain Firm-Specific Variables Crucial in Achieving Superior Performance in Short Term Holding Periods?
In this study we analyze the performance of variable-oriented momentum strategies, in order to detect alternatives which offer higher returns, compared to the simple price momentum strategies, for no significantly extra risk, in the very short run. Portfolios are constructed using twenty firm specific variables, of U.S. stocks traded in NYSE, NASDAQ and AMEX for a full six year period starting on March of 2002. We calculate a volatility- reward (VR) ratio for each observation, treated as a performance measure, and we apply Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on their series in order to detect the variables which contribute mostly in enhancing the performance of simple momentum strategies. Our findings suggest that short term investors could significantly benefit from momentum strategies if they take into account past firm specific information, which indirectly indicates a market underreaction to various announcements related to firms' EPS. In particular, top analysts' EPS estimate revisions followed by low P/E and high ROE contribute the most in producing momentum portfolios of superior performance, compared to a simple price momentum strategy. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2009
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