655,273 research outputs found
Fake News Detection in Social Networks via Crowd Signals
Our work considers leveraging crowd signals for detecting fake news and is
motivated by tools recently introduced by Facebook that enable users to flag
fake news. By aggregating users' flags, our goal is to select a small subset of
news every day, send them to an expert (e.g., via a third-party fact-checking
organization), and stop the spread of news identified as fake by an expert. The
main objective of our work is to minimize the spread of misinformation by
stopping the propagation of fake news in the network. It is especially
challenging to achieve this objective as it requires detecting fake news with
high-confidence as quickly as possible. We show that in order to leverage
users' flags efficiently, it is crucial to learn about users' flagging
accuracy. We develop a novel algorithm, DETECTIVE, that performs Bayesian
inference for detecting fake news and jointly learns about users' flagging
accuracy over time. Our algorithm employs posterior sampling to actively trade
off exploitation (selecting news that maximize the objective value at a given
epoch) and exploration (selecting news that maximize the value of information
towards learning about users' flagging accuracy). We demonstrate the
effectiveness of our approach via extensive experiments and show the power of
leveraging community signals for fake news detection
Of models and metrics: the UK debate on assessing humanities research
Professor Michael Worton (UCL) is the Chair of an expert group set up in July 2006 by the Arts & Humanities Research Council to examine alternative ways to assess research. The group has developed a complex metrics-based system using quantitative information about a university department’s research activity and research outcomes to determine how to distribute billions of pounds in research funding distributed to UK Universities in the future.
This paper, on the background to the group's work, was presented to a conference on Peer Review hosted by the European Science Foundation (ESF), the European Heads of Research Councils (EuroHORCs) and the Czech Science Foundation (Grantová agentura eské republiky, GA R), held in Prague on 12-13 October 2006.
See also UCL News, 9 September 2006. Arts metrics plan revealed. http://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/news-articles/inthenews/itn06091
When second opinions hurt: a model of expert advice under career concerns
We augment the standard career concerns model by introducing (i) an action that blocks the information about the true state of the world and (ii) a second opinion/interim news after the initial consultation with the expert. In this model, the principal's action as well as the expert's message endogenously determine the observability of the states and consequently, the assessment of the expert's ability by the principal. We show that having access to better interim news could reduce the welfare of the principal due to its strategic effect on the expert's recommendation. We also discuss the implication of the results for possible delegation of decision making to
another person with different decision parameters
Application of a news quality monitoring methodology
This set of case studies has two main purposes Case studies illustrating the usefulness of the quality monitoring framework set out in chapter one of The Future of Quality News Journalism: a cross-continental analysis The material that is produced below is still under development and may be modified when the final draft is produced shortly. a) Introduction This set of case studies has two main purposes. First, to provide examples of how the quality monitoring framework outlined in chapter one might be applied to online news stories of quality mainstream news providers. Second, to provide some representative sample evidence of the quality of the hard news provision of some of the best of the mainstream news providers. This is intended to back up the case for their continuing importance that is made within the bonus chapter (available only online at: HTTP://CLOK.UCLAN.AC.UK/7824) There are several things that it is important to emphasise. First, as chapter one makes clear, the preferred means of quality assessment would be via the kind of expert/professional panels outlined and suggested there. This should enhance the rigour of the evaluative process in so far as several pairs of expert eyes are likely to pick up inconsistencies in the application of that process in a way that would not be possible for one. Given that such panels do not yet exist to apply it and that the purpose here is mainly illustrative, the evaluations have been made by the author alone. That means that they should be treated with greater caution than had they been panel produced, but providing that is remembered it does not detract from their illustrative value. For the purposes of transparency and the need to provide readers with enough information to help them cross-check the judgments for themselves if they so wish, concise sample reasons are provided at the end of each piece as to why the individual quality ratings have been arrive
Exploiting textual source information for epidemiosurveillance
In recent years as a complement to the traditional surveillance reporting systems there is a great interest in developing methodologies for early detection of potential health threats from unstructured text present on the Internet. In this context, we examined the relevance of the combination of expert knowledge and automatic term extraction in the creation of appropriate Internet search queries for the acquisition of disease outbreak news. We propose a measure that is the number of relevant disease outbreak news detected in function of the terms automatically extracted from a set of example Google and PubMED corpora. Due to the recent emergence we have used the African swine fever as a disease example. (Résumé d'auteur
Identifying immersive environments’ most relevant research topics: an instrument to query researchers and practitioners
This paper provides an instrument for ascertaining researchers’ perspectives on the relative relevance of technological challenges facing immersive environments in view of their adoption in learning contexts, along three dimensions: access, content production, and deployment. It described its theoretical grounding and expert-review process, from a set of previously-identified challenges and expert feedback cycles. The paper details the motivation, setup, and methods employed, as well as the issues detected in the cycles and how they were addressed while developing the instrument. As a research instrument, it aims to be employed across diverse communities of research and practice, helping direct research efforts and hence contribute to wider use of immersive environments in learning, and possibly contribute towards the development of news
and more adequate systems.The work presented herein has been partially funded under the European H2020 program H2020-ICT-2015, BEACONING project, grant agreement nr. 687676.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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