4,058 research outputs found
An Energy Aware and Secure MAC Protocol for Tackling Denial of Sleep Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless sensor networks which form part of the core for the Internet of Things consist of resource constrained sensors that are usually powered by batteries. Therefore, careful
energy awareness is essential when working with these devices.
Indeed,the introduction of security techniques such as authentication and encryption, to ensure confidentiality and integrity of data, can place higher energy load on the sensors. However, the absence of security protection c ould give room for energy drain attacks such as denial of sleep attacks which have a higher negative impact on the life span ( of the sensors than the presence of security features.
This thesis, therefore, focuses on tackling denial of sleep attacks from two perspectives A security perspective and an energy efficiency perspective. The security perspective involves evaluating and ranking a number of security based techniques to curbing denial of sleep attacks. The energy efficiency perspective, on the other hand, involves exploring duty cycling and simulating three Media Access Control ( protocols Sensor MAC, Timeout MAC andTunableMAC under different network sizes and measuring different parameters such as the Received Signal Strength RSSI) and Link Quality Indicator ( Transmit power, throughput and energy efficiency Duty cycling happens to be one of the major techniques for conserving energy in wireless sensor networks and this research aims to answer questions with regards to the effect of duty cycles on the energy efficiency as well as the throughput of three duty cycle protocols Sensor MAC ( Timeout MAC ( and TunableMAC in addition to creating a novel MAC protocol that is also more resilient to denial of sleep a ttacks than existing protocols.
The main contributions to knowledge from this thesis are the developed framework used for evaluation of existing denial of sleep attack solutions and the algorithms which fuel the other contribution to knowledge a newly developed protocol tested on the Castalia Simulator on the OMNET++ platform. The new protocol has been compared with existing protocols and
has been found to have significant improvement in energy efficiency and also better resilience to denial of sleep at tacks Part of this research has been published Two conference
publications in IEEE Explore and one workshop paper
A Survey on Facilities for Experimental Internet of Things Research
International audienceThe initial vision of the Internet of Things (IoT) was of a world in which all physical objects are tagged and uniquelly identified by RFID transponders. However, the concept has grown into multiple dimensions, encompassing sensor networks able to provide real-world intelligence and goal-oriented collaboration of distributed smart objects via local networks or global interconnections such as the Internet. Despite significant technological advances, difficulties associated with the evaluation of IoT solutions under realistic conditions, in real world experimental deployments still hamper their maturation and significant roll out. In this article we identify requirements for the next generation of the IoT experimental facilities. While providing a taxonomy, we also survey currently available research testbeds, identify existing gaps and suggest new directions based on experience from recent efforts in this field
A COGNITIVE ARCHITECTURE FOR AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE
L’Ambient Intelligence (AmI) è caratterizzata dall’uso di sistemi pervasivi per
monitorare l’ambiente e modificarlo secondo le esigenze degli utenti e rispettando
vincoli definiti globalmente. Questi sistemi non possono prescindere da requisiti
come la scalabilità e la trasparenza per l’utente. Una tecnologia che consente di
raggiungere questi obiettivi è rappresentata dalle reti di sensori wireless (WSN),
caratterizzate da bassi costi e bassa intrusività . Tuttavia, sebbene in grado di
effettuare elaborazioni a bordo dei singoli nodi, le WSN non hanno da sole le capacitÃ
di elaborazione necessarie a supportare un sistema intelligente; d’altra parte
senza questa attività di pre-elaborazione la mole di dati sensoriali può facilmente
sopraffare un sistema centralizzato con un’eccessiva quantità di dettagli superflui.
Questo lavoro presenta un’architettura cognitiva in grado di percepire e controllare
l’ambiente di cui fa parte, basata su un nuovo approccio per l’estrazione
di conoscenza a partire dai dati grezzi, attraverso livelli crescenti di astrazione.
Le WSN sono utilizzate come strumento sensoriale pervasivo, le cui capacità computazionali
vengono utilizzate per pre-elaborare i dati rilevati, in modo da consentire
ad un sistema centralizzato intelligente di effettuare ragionamenti di alto
livello.
L’architettura proposta è stata utilizzata per sviluppare un testbed dotato degli
strumenti hardware e software necessari allo sviluppo e alla gestione di applicazioni
di AmI basate su WSN, il cui obiettivo principale sia il risparmio energetico. Per
fare in modo che le applicazioni di AmI siano in grado di comunicare con il mondo
esterno in maniera affidabile, per richiedere servizi ad agenti esterni, l’architettura
è stata arricchita con un protocollo di gestione distribuita della reputazione.
È stata inoltre sviluppata un’applicazione di esempio che sfrutta le caratteristiche
del testbed, con l’obiettivo di controllare la temperatura in un ambiente
lavorativo. Quest’applicazione rileva la presenza dell’utente attraverso un modulo
per la fusione di dati multi-sensoriali basato su reti bayesiane, e sfrutta questa
informazione in un controllore fuzzy multi-obiettivo che controlla gli attuatori sulla
base delle preferenze dell’utente e del risparmio energetico.Ambient Intelligence (AmI) systems are characterized by the use of pervasive
equipments for monitoring and modifying the environment according to users’
needs, and to globally defined constraints. Furthermore, such systems cannot ignore
requirements about ubiquity, scalability, and transparency to the user. An
enabling technology capable of accomplishing these goals is represented by Wireless
Sensor Networks (WSNs), characterized by low-costs and unintrusiveness. However,
although provided of in-network processing capabilities, WSNs do not exhibit
processing features able to support comprehensive intelligent systems; on the other
hand, without this pre-processing activities the wealth of sensory data may easily
overwhelm a centralized AmI system, clogging it with superfluous details.
This work proposes a cognitive architecture able to perceive, decide upon, and
control the environment of which the system is part, based on a new approach to
knowledge extraction from raw data, that addresses this issue at different abstraction
levels. WSNs are used as the pervasive sensory tool, and their computational
capabilities are exploited to remotely perform preliminary data processing. A central
intelligent unit subsequently extracts higher-level concepts in order to carry on
symbolic reasoning. The aim of the reasoning is to plan a sequence of actions that
will lead the environment to a state as close as possible to the users’ desires, taking
into account both implicit and explicit feedbacks from the users, while considering
global system-driven goals, such as energy saving. The proposed conceptual architecture
was exploited to develop a testbed providing the hardware and software
tools for the development and management of AmI applications based on WSNs,
whose main goal is energy saving for global sustainability. In order to make the
AmI system able to communicate with the external world in a reliable way, when
some services are required to external agents, the architecture was enriched with
a distributed reputation management protocol.
A sample application exploiting the testbed features was implemented for addressing
temperature control in a work environment. Knowledge about the user’s
presence is obtained through a multi-sensor data fusion module based on Bayesian
networks, and this information is exploited by a multi-objective fuzzy controller
that operates on actuators taking into account users’ preference and energy consumption
constraints
Ninth Workshop and Tutorial on Practical Use of Coloured Petri Nets and the CPN Tools, Aarhus, Denmark, October 20-22, 2008
This booklet contains the proceedings of the Ninth Workshop on Practical Use of Coloured Petri Nets and the CPN Tools, October 20-22, 2008. The workshop is organised by the CPN group at the Department of Computer Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark. The papers are also available in electronic form via the web pages: http://www.daimi.au.dk/CPnets/workshop0
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