Modèle d'adoption technologique dans un environnement de gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement

La gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement -- Le rôle des systèmes interorganisationnels pour soutenir la gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement -- La collaboration engendrée par des pressions exercées -- Le rôle des pressions coercitives dans l'adoption des systèmes interorganisationnels -- Les paradigmes d'adoption -- L'évolution du commerce électronique dans les entreprises -- Le lien entre les relations interentreprises et l'adoption des systèmes interorganisationnels -- Cadre conceptuel proposé et démarche privilégiée -- Articles de thèse, liens avec le programme de recherche et objectifs spécifiques -- Evolving B2B E-Commerce adaptation for SME suppliers -- RFID and buyer-seller relationships in the retail supply chain -- Technological requirements and derived benefits from RFID enabled receiving in a supply chain

Semantic discovery and reuse of business process patterns

Patterns currently play an important role in modern information systems (IS) development and their use has mainly been restricted to the design and implementation phases of the development lifecycle. Given the increasing significance of business modelling in IS development, patterns have the potential of providing a viable solution for promoting reusability of recurrent generalized models in the very early stages of development. As a statement of research-in-progress this paper focuses on business process patterns and proposes an initial methodological framework for the discovery and reuse of business process patterns within the IS development lifecycle. The framework borrows ideas from the domain engineering literature and proposes the use of semantics to drive both the discovery of patterns as well as their reuse

E-business framework enabled B2B integration

Standards for B2B integration help to facilitate the interoperability between organisations. These standards, often called e-business frameworks, guide integration by specifying the details for business processes, business documents and secure messaging. Extensible Mark-up Language (XML) is used in modern e-business frameworks instead of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) formats. Having XML as the data format is not enough for integration, but e-business frameworks are needed to guide how XML is used. This work analyses the many partly competing and overlapping e-business frameworks how they differ in support for business processes, documents and secure messaging. In addition, the effect of standardisation organisation to the outcome of the e-business framework is studied. In this work, one e-business framework, RosettaNet, is used to tackle the challenges of product development (PD) integrations. A proof-of-concept implementation of a RosettaNet integration is provided to support PD and the lessons learned are discussed. The current specifications lack good processes for PD integrations, while they fail in specifying the concepts needed for document management. Furthermore, there are interoperability problems due to a lack of expressivity of the schema languages to encode the business documents, and the current setup of integration takes a very long time. RosettaNet has a lot of flexibility in the specifications, and thus just supporting the same standard process is not enough for interoperability. With semantic technologies, many shortcomings of the current standards for B2B integration can be solved, as they make it possible to present constraints the current technologies have problems with. This work presents a practical case of B2B integration with semantic technologies and describes the benefits of applying such technologies.Standardit tukevat organisaatioiden välistä järjestelmäintegraatiota. Integroinnin standardit määrittelevät organisaatioiden välisiä liiketoimintaprosesseja, -dokumentteja sekä määrittelevät turvallisen tavan kommunikoida. Nykyaikaiset standardit ovat XML-perusteisia vanhemman EDI-formaatin sijaan. XML:n käyttö ei ole riittävästi takaamaan integraation onnistumista, vaan tarvitaan tarkempaa sopimista, miten XML:ää käytetään integraatiossa. Joukko yritystenvälisen integroinnin standardeja määrittelee tämän. Tässä työssä analysoidaan useaa, osittain kilpailevaa, yritystenvälisen integroinnin standardia ja tutkitaan miten ne tukevat liiketoimintaprosessien, -dokumenttien ja turvallisen viestinvälityksen määrittelyjä ottaen huomioon myös standardointiorganisaation vaikutuksen lopputulokseen. Tässä työssä RosettaNet-standardia sovelletaan tuotekehitykseen liittyvissä integroinneissa. Työssä esitetään prototyyppi tuotekehitystiedon integroinnista RosettaNetin avulla ja keskustellaan saavutetuista kokemuksista. Nykyiset spesifikaatiot tuotekehitysprosesseille ovat tarpeisiin riittämättömiä, koska tuki dokumenttien hallinnan käsitteistölle on puutteellinen. Myös RosettaNetin käyttämien XML-skeemakielien puutteellinen ilmaisuvoima aiheuttaa ongelmia dokumenttien yhteentoimivuudelle. Lisäksi integraation tekeminen on hidasta verrattuna tyypillisen tuotekehitysprojektin kestoon. RosettaNetin tarjoamissa spesifikaatioissa on paljon joustavuutta, joten saman standardiprosessin tukeminen ei tarkoita, että järjestelmät ovat yhteentoimivia. Nykyspesifikaatioissa ja niissä käytettyjen skeema-kielten ilmaisuvoiman puutteet voidaan osittain paikata käyttämällä semanttisia teknologioita. Tämä työ esittää, miten integraatioissa voidaan saavuttaa semanttisia teknologioita käyttämällä parempi yhteentoimivuus.reviewe

Factors Influencing Customer Satisfaction towards E-shopping in Malaysia

Online shopping or e-shopping has changed the world of business and quite a few people have decided to work with these features. What their primary concerns precisely and the responses from the globalisation are the competency of incorporation while doing their businesses. E-shopping has also increased substantially in Malaysia in recent years. The rapid increase in the e-commerce industry in Malaysia has created the demand to emphasize on how to increase customer satisfaction while operating in the e-retailing environment. It is very important that customers are satisfied with the website, or else, they would not return. Therefore, a crucial fact to look into is that companies must ensure that their customers are satisfied with their purchases that are really essential from the ecommerce’s point of view. With is in mind, this study aimed at investigating customer satisfaction towards e-shopping in Malaysia. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed among students randomly selected from various public and private universities located within Klang valley area. Total 369 questionnaires were returned, out of which 341 questionnaires were found usable for further analysis. Finally, SEM was employed to test the hypotheses. This study found that customer satisfaction towards e-shopping in Malaysia is to a great extent influenced by ease of use, trust, design of the website, online security and e-service quality. Finally, recommendations and future study direction is provided. Keywords: E-shopping, Customer satisfaction, Trust, Online security, E-service quality, Malaysia

Forging links between innovation and sustainability:An empirical examination of the effects on a firm’s financial performance

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the North American energy and energy-intensive materials production sectors account for more than 50 percent of total GHG emissions. Based on the argument that CO2 emissions need to be reduced by more than 50 percent by 2050, energy sector and energy-intensive materials production processes that cause environmental harm are considered a key contributor that cannot be neglected. The challenge is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from both sectors consistent with corporate sustainability goals and government policy objectives. Energy firms have been auctioning aggressively on carbon-free alternatives to minimize their current footprint. Reducing energy demand and consumption along with related GHG emissions decrease in the production processes of the five key materials: steel, cement, plastic, paper, and aluminum; can have a considerable impact on the environment. Therefore, this research studies the role of innovation and sustainability in the evolution and co-evolution of the energy and energy-intensive materials production firms’ sectors within North America. A quantitative understanding of the causal significance of the association between corporate innovation and corporate sustainability and their combined effects on corporate financial performance would be of great value to decision-makers. Previous academic literature has focused on the importance of innovation, but relying solely on innovation will not guarantee a firm’s success. Sustainability is becoming an increasingly central feature of business operations. Because firms are more likely to apply financial resources to programs that directly affect their profitability, the study offers an analysis of the combined impact of innovation and sustainability on a firm’s financial performance as an aid to support the decision calculus for allocation of scarce resources. This study presents a synthesis of the literature broadly described as the resource-based view, the capability approach, institutional theory and the stakeholder’s theory. A structural equations model is developed with corporate innovation and corporate sustainability as the exogenous (independent) latent constructs and corporate financial performance as the endogenous (dependent) latent construct. The study uses the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique to analyze the hypothesized theory using archived data extracted from different publicly- and privately-available reports. All financial information was obtained from Compustat, an accounting, and financial database for more than 25,000 publicly held companies, as well as research and development expenditures for 2014. All environmental stewardship, social responsibility, and community involvement information was retrieved from public corporate responsibility reports and corporate citizenship documents. All patent information was acquired from the Lens database, an open public resource for innovation cartography, the USPTO, short for, United States patent and trademark office, and the CIPO, short for, Canadian intellectual property office. The structural equation model provides evidence that exogenous (independent) latent constructs have strong, significant positive associations with the endogenous (dependent) latent construct. The model shows that corporate sustainability has a significantly greater association with corporate financial performance than corporate innovation. Based upon key innovative characteristics consisting of R&D expenditures, R&D prior, patent applications, patents granted, and R&D expenditure as a proportion of total revenues, namely R&D intensity, the model displayed a positive association with corporate financial viability. The data analyzed showed a strong and positive association between different sustainability themes’ indicators and the firms’ financial prosperity. Further, it was proven empirically that there is a strong positive association among the innovation manifest variables chosen with the corporations’ financial viability different indicators. Analysis of results indicates a strong reciprocal association between corporate innovation and corporate sustainability which is valid in both directions. Sustainability can drive innovation, and innovation can foster and prompt sustainability. The research illustrates how environmental stewardship, social responsibility, and community involvement manifest indicators can be combined to reflect an organization’s level of sustainable development as well as innovation indicators that describe economic performance. Research results provide insights on how businesses respond to societal demands while maintaining long-term business viability. This study offers a clear understanding of different relationships and capability to evaluate the potential impact of key factors. Results of this study will assist corporate managers to better understand the impact of innovation and sustainability expenditures, therefore, improve the allocation of scarce resources. This dissertation outlines new empirical evidence of North America’s energy and energy-intensive materials production sectors with time dependency of performance. The research outlines the theoretical and practical basis for improved corporate financial performance and offers recommendations for additional studies. The qualitative components of this study provide a greater understanding of the concepts multidisciplinary and linkages, of the relationship between sustainability and innovation. The study has created an instrument that can help shape organizational transitions and evolution. Stakeholders can use this comprehensive document to aid organizations’ response to environmental, social, and economic challenges and issues

Knowledge and Management Models for Sustainable Growth

In the last years sustainability has become a topic of global concern and a key issue in the strategic agenda of both business organizations and public authorities and organisations. Significant changes in business landscape, the emergence of new technology, including social media, the pressure of new social concerns, have called into question established conceptualizations of competitiveness, wealth creation and growth. New and unaddressed set of issues regarding how private and public organisations manage and invest their resources to create sustainable value have brought to light. In particular the increasing focus on environmental and social themes has suggested new dimensions to be taken into account in the value creation dynamics, both at organisations and communities level. For companies the need of integrating corporate social and environmental responsibility issues into strategy and daily business operations, pose profound challenges, which, in turn, involve numerous processes and complex decisions influenced by many stakeholders. Facing these challenges calls for the creation, use and exploitation of new knowledge as well as the development of proper management models, approaches and tools aimed to contribute to the development and realization of environmentally and socially sustainable business strategies and practices

31th International Conference on Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases

Information modelling is becoming more and more important topic for researchers, designers, and users of information systems.The amount and complexity of information itself, the number of abstractionlevels of information, and the size of databases and knowledge bases arecontinuously growing. Conceptual modelling is one of the sub-areas ofinformation modelling. The aim of this conference is to bring together experts from different areas of computer science and other disciplines, who have a common interest in understanding and solving problems on information modelling and knowledge bases, as well as applying the results of research to practice. We also aim to recognize and study new areas on modelling and knowledge bases to which more attention should be paid. Therefore philosophy and logic, cognitive science, knowledge management, linguistics and management science are relevant areas, too. In the conference, there will be three categories of presentations, i.e. full papers, short papers and position papers