90 research outputs found

    Changing Priorities. 3rd VIBRArch

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    In order to warrant a good present and future for people around the planet and to safe the care of the planet itself, research in architecture has to release all its potential. Therefore, the aims of the 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture are: - To focus on the most relevant needs of humanity and the planet and what architectural research can do for solving them. - To assess the evolution of architectural research in traditionally matters of interest and the current state of these popular and widespread topics. - To deepen in the current state and findings of architectural research on subjects akin to post-capitalism and frequently related to equal opportunities and the universal right to personal development and happiness. - To showcase all kinds of research related to the new and holistic concept of sustainability and to climate emergency. - To place in the spotlight those ongoing works or available proposals developed by architectural researchers in order to combat the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. - To underline the capacity of architectural research to develop resiliency and abilities to adapt itself to changing priorities. - To highlight architecture's multidisciplinarity as a melting pot of multiple approaches, points of view and expertise. - To open new perspectives for architectural research by promoting the development of multidisciplinary and inter-university networks and research groups. For all that, the 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture is open not only to architects, but also for any academic, practitioner, professional or student with a determination to develop research in architecture or neighboring fields.Cabrera Fausto, I. (2023). Changing Priorities. 3rd VIBRArch. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/VIBRArch2022.2022.1686

    Análisis del uso de escalas de medida de influencia en el proceso analítico de redes (ANP) para la toma de decisiones multicriterio

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    [ES] La toma de decisiones en situaciones complejas y dinámicas representa un gran desafío para los tomadores de decisiones, quienes deben considerar múltiples criterios interdependientes. En este contexto, los métodos de análisis multicriterio de decisión (MCDA) son ampliamente utilizados, pero la mayoría de ellos asumen que los criterios son independientes, lo cual no es aplicable en la mayoría de los problemas del mundo real. El proceso analítico en red (ANP) es una técnica de MCDA que permite modelar las interacciones entre los criterios de decisión, lo que la hace más aplicable a problemas reales. ANP es una generalización del método de proceso jerárquico analítico (AHP), pero a diferencia de este último, reconoce las influencias recíprocas entre los elementos en un problema de toma de decisiones. ANP utiliza una red ponderada y dirigida para modelar estas interacciones, lo que permite una modelización más realista y precisa del problema. Aunque ANP es el método preferido para modelar situaciones de interdependencia y retroalimentación, presenta desafíos en la práctica, particularmente debido al gran número de comparaciones por pares requeridas. Esta tesis aborda la complejidad de ANP y su principal desafío: las matrices de comparación por pares que miden la influencia de un elemento sobre otro en la red. Se presenta un modelo híbrido de ANP simplificado con la técnica DEMATEL que reduce el número de comparaciones por pares necesarias mediante la utilización de escalas de influencia directa, lo que lo hace más factible de aplicar en la práctica. Además, se han recomendado escalas de medición de influencia directa para normalizar los valores numéricos obtenidos, dividiendo por la suma en lugar de una matriz de transición. La medida se vuelve más precisa con más divisiones de escala. En el estudio de caso presentado, se demostró que la propuesta de modelo combinado DEMATEL basado en ANP puede reducir en promedio el 42% del número de preguntas necesarias en comparación con el modelo ANP original, y aun así obtener resultados similares.[CA] La presa de decisions en situacions complexes i dinàmiques representa un gran desafiament per als prescriptors, els quals han de considerar múltiples criteris interdependents. En aquest context, els mètodes d'anàlisi multicriteri de decisió (MCDA) són àmpliament utilitzats, però la majoria d'ells assumeixen que els criteris són independents, la qual cosa no és aplicable en la majoria dels problemes del món real. El procés analític en xarxa (ANP) és una tècnica de MCDA que permet modelar les interaccions entre els criteris de decisió, la qual cosa la fa més aplicable a problemes reals. ANP és una generalització del mètode de procés jeràrquic analític (AHP), però a diferència d'aquest últim, reconeix les influències recíproques entre els elements en un problema de presa de decisions. ANP utilitza una xarxa ponderada i dirigida per modelar aquestes interaccions, la qual cosa permet una modelització més realista i precisa del problema. Encara que ANP és el mètode preferit per modelar situacions d'interdependència i retroalimentació, presenta desafiaments en la pràctica, particularment a causa del gran nombre de comparacions per parells requerides. Aquesta tesi aborda la complexitat d'ANP i el seu principal desafiament: les matrius de comparació per parells que mesuren la influència d'un element sobre un altre en la xarxa. Es presenta un model híbrid d'ANP simplificat amb la tècnica DEMATEL que redueix el nombre de comparacions per parells necessàries mitjançant l'utilització d'escales d'influència directa, la qual cosa el fa més factible d'aplicar en la pràctica. A més, s'han recomanat escales de mesura d'influència directa per normalitzar els valors numèrics obtinguts, dividint per la suma en lloc d'una matriu de transició. La mesura es torna més precisa amb més divisions d'escala. En l'estudi de cas presentat, es va demostrar que la proposta de model combinat DEMATEL basat en ANP pot reduir en promig el 42% del nombre de preguntes necessàries en comparació amb el model ANP original, i encara obtenir resultats similars.[EN] Decision-making in complex and dynamic situations poses a great challenge for decision makers who must consider multiple interdependent criteria. In this context, multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods are widely used, but most of them assume that criteria are independent, which is not applicable in most real-world problems. Analytic network process (ANP) is an MCDA technique that allows modeling the interactions between decision criteria, making it more applicable to real-world problems. ANP is a generalization of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), but unlike the latter, it recognizes reciprocal influences between elements in a decision-making problem. ANP uses a weighted and directed network to model these interactions, allowing for a more realistic and accurate modeling of the problem. Although ANP is the preferred method for modeling interdependence and feedback situations, it presents challenges in practice, particularly due to the large number of pairwise comparisons required. This thesis addresses the complexity of ANP and its main challenge: the pairwise comparison matrices that measure the influence of one element on another in the network. A simplified hybrid ANP model with the DEMATEL technique is presented, which reduces the number of pairwise comparisons required by using direct influence scales, making it more feasible to apply in practice. Additionally, recommended direct influence measurement scales have been suggested to normalize the numerical values obtained by dividing by the sum instead of a transition matrix. The measure becomes more precise with more scale divisions. In the case study presented, it was demonstrated that the proposed DEMATEL-ANP combined model can reduce on average 42% of the necessary questions compared to the original ANP model, and still obtain similar results.Schulze González, EA. (2023). Análisis del uso de escalas de medida de influencia en el proceso analítico de redes (ANP) para la toma de decisiones multicriterio [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/19668

    Case of Indonesia

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    학위논문(박사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 공과대학 협동과정 기술경영·경제·정책전공, 2023. 2. 황준석.The rapid development of digital technology and the use of information in productive processes cause structural changes in the economy in the current situation of Industry 4.0. (Neves et al., 2020) As a result of digital transformation, smart cities emerge as a type of interaction among technological, organizational, and political innovations. Innovation in mobility and transportation as an effect of smart city development, like ride-hailing, car-sharing, car-pooling, Mobility as a Service, electric vehicles, autonomous vehicles, and so on, seems to be a panacea for mobility issues (J. Lee et al., 2020a). Unfortunately, most innovation is not supported by policy and regulation. The public transport authorities frequently may take less time to regulate to enable the smart mobility concept, and like many other public authorities, transport authorities' bureaucracy may slow down the penetration of mobility innovation (Kamargianni & Matyas, 2017a) The overpopulated city will face difficulties in providing adequate transportation in implementing smart mobility agenda, mainly because the lack of public transportation cannot be solved only by expanding the road and building new transportation infrastructure. This study aims to understand the smart mobility characteristic to facilitate a strategic goal in creating public value based on citizen expectations. The study focuses on the case of Indonesia. Two essays were conducted through an in-depth literature review to achieve this objective. The first essay investigated smart mobility characteristics and factors, where expert judgment and opinion were used to categorize the most important criteria. The result is to help government design a strategy to implement smart urban mobility in Indonesia's new capital. At the same time, the second essay focused on the citizen satisfaction expectations for smart mobility. Both results will combine to fill the gap between government and citizens expectations for future urban mobility in the new capital of Indonesia.디지털 테크놀로지의 급속한 발전과 생산적인 프로세스에서의 정보 사용은 산업 4.0의 현재 상황에서 경제의 구조적 변화를 야기합니다. (Neves 등, 2020) 디지털 전환의 결과로, 스마트 시티는 기술, 조직 및 정치적 혁신 사이의 상호작용의 한 형태로 나타납니다. 스마트 시티 개발의 효과로서 승차감, 카셰어링, 카풀링, 서비스로서의 모바일성, 전기차, 오토노마스 차량 등 이동성·교통의 혁신은 이동성 문제의 만병통치약으로 보인다. (J. Lee 등, 2020a) 불행히도 대부분의 혁신은 정책과 규제에 의해 뒷받침되지 않습니다. 대중교통 당국은 스마트 이동성 개념을 활성화하기 위해 규제하는 데 시간이 적게 걸릴 수 있으며, 다른 많은 공공 기관과 마찬가지로 교통 당국의 관료주의는 이동성 혁신의 보급을 지연시킬 수 있다. (카마르지안니 & 마티아스, 2017a) 인구과잉 도시는 스마트 모빌리티 어젠다를 이행하는 데 있어 적절한 교통수단을 제공하는 데 어려움을 겪을 것이다. 그 주된 이유는 도로를 확장하고 새로운 교통 인프라를 구축하는 것만으로 대중교통의 부족을 해결할 수 없기 때문이다. 본 연구는 스마트 모빌리티 특성을 파악하여 시민의 기대치를 바탕으로 공공 가치를 창출하는 전략적 목표를 촉진하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이 연구는 인도네시아의 사례에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위해 두 편의 에세이가 심층적인 문헌 검토를 통해 수행되었다. 첫 번째 에세이에서는 스마트 모빌리티의 특성과 요인을 조사했으며, 전문가의 판단과 의견이 가장 중요한 기준을 분류하기 위해 사용되었다. 그 결과 정부는 인도네시아의 새로운 수도에서 스마트한 도시 이동성을 구현하기 위한 전략을 설계할 수 있게 되었다. 동시에, 두 번째 에세이는 스마트 모빌리티에 대한 시민 만족 기대에 초점을 맞췄다. 두 결과 모두 새로운 수도 인도네시아의 미래 도시 이동에 대한 정부와 시민들의 기대 차이를 메우기 위해 결합될 것이다.Chapter 1. Introduction 10 1.1 Research Background 10 1.2 Indonesia New Capital Feasibility 12 1.3 Problem Description 16 1.4 Research Objectives 20 1.5 Research Questions 20 1.6 Research Outline 21 1.7 Contribution 22 Chapter 2. Smart City Initiatives Trends and Future Urban Mobility: A Literature Review 25 2.1 Smart City Development 25 2.2 Smart City Concept 26 2.2.1 Smart City Definition 28 2.2.2 Smart City Initiatives Trends 33 2.3 Future Urban Mobility Concept 34 2.3.1 Pedestrian and Walkability 37 2.3.2 Parking Management System 39 2.3.3 Innovative Mobility Services 40 2.3.3.1 Mobility as a Service (MaaS) 40 2.3.3.2 Automated Mobility on Demand (AmoD) 43 2.4 Public Value and Citizen Engagement 45 Chapter 3. Investigating Characteristics and Factors of Smart Mobility Project 48 3.1 Introduction 48 3.2 Literature Review 50 3.3 Research Methodology 59 3.3.1 Methodology Approach 59 3.3.2 Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) 60 3.4 Data Collection 62 3.5 Smart Mobility Characteristics 66 3.5.1 Accessibility 66 3.5.2 ICT/Technology 67 3.5.3 Infrastructure Availability 69 3.5.4 Delivery Channel 70 3.6 Smart Mobility Factors 71 3.6.1 Political & Regulatory 71 3.6.2 Socio-Economic 72 3.6.3 Digital Divide 73 3.7 Analysis Results 74 3.7.1 Characteristics Analysis Result 74 3.7.1.1 Characteristics Main Criteria Analysis 74 3.7.1.2 Characteristics Sub-Criteria Analysis 75 3.7.2 Factor Analysis Result 78 3.7.2.1 Factor Main Criteria Analysis 79 3.7.2.2 Factor Sub-Criteria Analysis 79 3.8 Analysis Result Summary and Discussion 81 3.8.1 Analysis Result Summary 81 3.8.2 Discussion 82 Chapter 4. Investigating Citizen Satisfaction Expectation on Future Mobility:Case of Indonesia 85 4.1 Introduction 85 4.2 Model Establishment and Hypothesis Development 89 4.3 Citizen Satisfaction Expectation 94 4.4 Safety and Security 95 4.4.1 Transport & Transit Safety 96 4.4.2 Transport & Transit Security 97 4.5 Comfort & Convenience 97 4.5.1 Public Transport and Density 98 4.5.2 Accessibility 99 4.5.3 Social Equity 99 4.5.4 Information 100 4.5.5 Comfort and Amenities 100 4.6 Government and Citizen Engagement 101 4.6.1 Vision & Strategy 102 4.6.2 Citizen Participation 103 4.6.3 Government Service & Transparency 103 4.7 Research Methodology 104 4.7.1 Structural Equation Model (SEM) 105 4.7.2 Covariance-based SEM (CB-SEM) and Partial Least Square SEM (PLS-SEM) 105 4.8 Survey and Data 107 4.9 Analysis Result 109 4.9.1 Measurement Model – Lower Order Construct 109 4.9.2 Indicator Reliability 110 4.9.3 Collinearity 112 4.9.4 Reliability Analysis 114 4.9.5 Convergent Validity 115 4.9.6 Discriminant Validity 116 4.9.7 Validating Higher Construct 124 4.9.8 Bootstrapping 124 4.9.9 Structural Model 125 4.10 Analysis Result Summary and Discussion 128 Chapter 5. Discussion and Policy Implication 131 5.1 Discussion 131 5.1.1 Availability, Accessibility, and Equity 134 5.1.2 Political and Regulatory Factors 135 5.1.3 The Digital Divide and Citizen Engagement 136 5.2 Policy Implication 137 5.3 Limitation & Future Research 139 Bibliography 141 Appendix 1: Smart Mobility Characteristics Questionnaire 167 Appendix 2: Smart Mobility Factors Questionnaire 177 Appendix 3: Citizen Satisfaction Expectation Questionnaire 184 Abstract (Korean) 191박

    Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Computing

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    Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subject garnering increasing attention in both academia and the industry today. The understanding is that AI-enhanced methods and techniques create a variety of opportunities related to improving basic and advanced business functions, including production processes, logistics, financial management and others. As this collection demonstrates, AI-enhanced tools and methods tend to offer more precise results in the fields of engineering, financial accounting, tourism, air-pollution management and many more. The objective of this collection is to bring these topics together to offer the reader a useful primer on how AI-enhanced tools and applications can be of use in today’s world. In the context of the frequently fearful, skeptical and emotion-laden debates on AI and its value added, this volume promotes a positive perspective on AI and its impact on society. AI is a part of a broader ecosystem of sophisticated tools, techniques and technologies, and therefore, it is not immune to developments in that ecosystem. It is thus imperative that inter- and multidisciplinary research on AI and its ecosystem is encouraged. This collection contributes to that

    New Pathways for Community Energy and Storage

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    Local communities are increasingly taking on active roles and emerging as new actors in energy systems. Community energy and energy storage may enable effective energy system integration and ensure maximum benefits of local generation, leading to more flexible and resilient energy supply systems and playing an important role in achieving renewable energy and climate policy objectives. In this book, we summarize the different topics covered in the international conference on new pathways for community energy and storage in the form of the 14 articles published in this Special Issue on the same topic. It addresses important developments and challenges related to local energy transitions and the role of community energy and energy storage therein

    Collected Papers (Neutrosophics and other topics), Volume XIV

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    This fourteenth volume of Collected Papers is an eclectic tome of 87 papers in Neutrosophics and other fields, such as mathematics, fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, picture fuzzy sets, information fusion, robotics, statistics, or extenics, comprising 936 pages, published between 2008-2022 in different scientific journals or currently in press, by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 99 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 26 countries: Ahmed B. Al-Nafee, Adesina Abdul Akeem Agboola, Akbar Rezaei, Shariful Alam, Marina Alonso, Fran Andujar, Toshinori Asai, Assia Bakali, Azmat Hussain, Daniela Baran, Bijan Davvaz, Bilal Hadjadji, Carlos Díaz Bohorquez, Robert N. Boyd, M. Caldas, Cenap Özel, Pankaj Chauhan, Victor Christianto, Salvador Coll, Shyamal Dalapati, Irfan Deli, Balasubramanian Elavarasan, Fahad Alsharari, Yonfei Feng, Daniela Gîfu, Rafael Rojas Gualdrón, Haipeng Wang, Hemant Kumar Gianey, Noel Batista Hernández, Abdel-Nasser Hussein, Ibrahim M. Hezam, Ilanthenral Kandasamy, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Muthusamy Karthika, Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa, Madad Khan, Kifayat Ullah, Valeri Kroumov, Tapan Kumar Roy, Deepesh Kunwar, Le Thi Nhung, Pedro López, Mai Mohamed, Manh Van Vu, Miguel A. Quiroz-Martínez, Marcel Migdalovici, Kritika Mishra, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Mohamed Talea, Mohammad Hamidi, Mohammed Alshumrani, Mohamed Loey, Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Shabir, Mumtaz Ali, Nassim Abbas, Munazza Naz, Ngan Thi Roan, Nguyen Xuan Thao, Rishwanth Mani Parimala, Ion Pătrașcu, Surapati Pramanik, Quek Shio Gai, Qiang Guo, Rajab Ali Borzooei, Nimitha Rajesh, Jesús Estupiñan Ricardo, Juan Miguel Martínez Rubio, Saeed Mirvakili, Arsham Borumand Saeid, Saeid Jafari, Said Broumi, Ahmed A. Salama, Nirmala Sawan, Gheorghe Săvoiu, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Seok-Zun Song, Shahzaib Ashraf, Jayant Singh, Rajesh Singh, Son Hoang Le, Tahir Mahmood, Kenta Takaya, Mirela Teodorescu, Ramalingam Udhayakumar, Maikel Y. Leyva Vázquez, V. Venkateswara Rao, Luige Vlădăreanu, Victor Vlădăreanu, Gabriela Vlădeanu, Michael Voskoglou, Yaser Saber, Yong Deng, You He, Youcef Chibani, Young Bae Jun, Wadei F. Al-Omeri, Hongbo Wang, Zayen Azzouz Omar

    Sustainability in the Global-Knowledge Economy

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    Knowledge affects all aspects of the economy, but digitalization probably represents the most ubiquitous of its appearances. This book analyzes, from a constructive point of view, some of its applications, extracting lessons to maximize its utility and exporting its use to other sectors. It also shows the caveats of its applications, allowing managers to learn its difficulties and how to overcome them from real-life cases. All the information is presented in an academic and rigorous way and represents an excellent starting point to study the effects of digitalization for both practitioners and researchers

    Assuming Data Integrity and Empirical Evidence to The Contrary

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    Background: Not all respondents to surveys apply their minds or understand the posed questions, and as such provide answers which lack coherence, and this threatens the integrity of the research. Casual inspection and limited research of the 10-item Big Five Inventory (BFI-10), included in the dataset of the World Values Survey (WVS), suggested that random responses may be common. Objective: To specify the percentage of cases in the BRI-10 which include incoherent or contradictory responses and to test the extent to which the removal of these cases will improve the quality of the dataset. Method: The WVS data on the BFI-10, measuring the Big Five Personality (B5P), in South Africa (N=3 531), was used. Incoherent or contradictory responses were removed. Then the cases from the cleaned-up dataset were analysed for their theoretical validity. Results: Only 1 612 (45.7%) cases were identified as not including incoherent or contradictory responses. The cleaned-up data did not mirror the B5P- structure, as was envisaged. The test for common method bias was negative. Conclusion: In most cases the responses were incoherent. Cleaning up the data did not improve the psychometric properties of the BFI-10. This raises concerns about the quality of the WVS data, the BFI-10, and the universality of B5P-theory. Given these results, it would be unwise to use the BFI-10 in South Africa. Researchers are alerted to do a proper assessment of the psychometric properties of instruments before they use it, particularly in a cross-cultural setting

    Geo Data Science for Tourism

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    This reprint describes the recent challenges in tourism seen from the point of view of data science. Thanks to the use of the most popular Data Science concepts, you can easily recognise trends and patterns in tourism, detect the impact of tourism on the environment, and predict future trends in tourism. This reprint starts by describing how to analyse data related to the past, then it moves on to detecting behaviours in the present, and, finally, it describes some techniques to predict future trends. By the end of the reprint, you will be able to use data science to help tourism businesses make better use of data and improve their decision making and operations.

    Leading Towards Voice and Innovation: The Role of Psychological Contract

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    Background: Empirical evidence generally suggests that psychological contract breach (PCB) leads to negative outcomes. However, some literature argues that, occasionally, PCB leads to positive outcomes. Aim: To empirically determine when these positive outcomes occur, focusing on the role of psychological contract (PC) and leadership style (LS), and outcomes such as employ voice (EV) and innovative work behaviour (IWB). Method: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, using reputable questionnaires on PC, PCB, EV, IWB, and leadership styles. Correlation analyses were used to test direct links within the model, while regression analyses were used to test for the moderation effects. Results: Data with acceptable psychometric properties were collected from 11 organisations (N=620). The results revealed that PCB does not lead to substantial changes in IWB. PCB correlated positively with prohibitive EV, but did not influence promotive EV, which was a significant driver of IWB. Leadership styles were weak predictors of EV and IWB, and LS only partially moderated the PCB-EV relationship. Conclusion: PCB did not lead to positive outcomes. Neither did LS influencing the relationships between PCB and EV or IWB. Further, LS only partially influenced the relationships between variables, and not in a manner which positively influence IWB
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