61 research outputs found

    Optimización de ecuaciones con restricciones no lineales: comparativo entre técnicas heurística y convexa

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    In this article, different optimization techniques were explored through different methodologies. It is important to highlight that optimization problems are found in a large number of academic disciplines and the paths proposed to solve them are found first in the so-called strong mathematical techniques (global optimum) through existence and uniqueness theorems, and the second way, the so-called heuristic or metaheuristic techniques, inspired mostly by biological, social, and cultural processes which allow expanding the search spaces for solutions or relaxing the functions to be optimized from continuous to non-continuous as well as constraints. The metaheuristic technique studied is the particle swarm optimization, (PSO) based on the complete model (cognitive and social components) which is a metaheuristic technique inspired by biology, comparatively with the convex mathematical technique using the behavior of positive semi-definite matrices, for the formulation and modeling of problems with objective functions and convex feasible regions. The problem solved by these two methods consists of knowing the values of the resources of two variables within an objective function. Finally, the answers obtained are evaluated under the assumption that the local minima are global minima within the neighborhood.En el presente artículo se exploran diversas técnicas de optimización a través de metodologías diferentes; es importante resaltar que los problemas de optimización se encuentran en una gran multitud de disciplinas académicas, y los caminos propuestos para resolverlos se encuentran, el primero, en las técnicas matemáticas denominadas fuertes (óptimo global) a través de teoremas de existencia y unicidad, y el segundo camino, en las denominadas técnicas heurísticas o metaheurísticas inspiradas en su mayoría en procesos biológicos, sociales, culturales, las cuales permiten ampliar los espacios de búsqueda de las soluciones o relajar las funciones por optimizar de continuas a no continuas, al igual que las restricciones. La técnica metaheurística estudiada es el enjambre de partículas, (PSO) basada en el modelo completo (componentes cognitiva y social), el cual es una técnica metaheurística inspirada en la biología, comparativamente con la técnica matemática convexa utilizando el comportamiento de las matrices semidefinidas positivas, para el planteamiento y modelado de problemas con funciones objetivo y regiones factibles convexas. El problema resuelto por estos dos métodos consiste en conocer los valores de los recursos de dos variables dentro de una función objetivo. Por último, se evalúan las respuestas obtenidas bajo la suposición de que los mínimos locales son mínimos globales dentro de la vecindad

    Earth Resources: A continuing bibliography with indexes, issue 36

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    This bibliography lists 576 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System between October 1 and December 31, 1982. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis

    Earth Resources: A continuing bibliography with indexes

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    This bibliography lists 475 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between January 1 and March 31, 1984. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economical analysis

    High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC): Technical Design Report

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    The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in 2010, it has gathered a global user community of about 9000 scientists working in fundamental particle physics and the physics of hadronic matter at extreme temperature and density. To sustain and extend its discovery potential, the LHC will need a major upgrade in the 2020s. This will increase its instantaneous luminosity (rate of collisions) by a factor of five beyond the original design value and the integrated luminosity (total number of collisions) by a factor ten. The LHC is already a highly complex and exquisitely optimised machine so this upgrade must be carefully conceived and will require new infrastructures (underground and on surface) and over a decade to implement. The new configuration, known as High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), relies on a number of key innovations that push accelerator technology beyond its present limits. Among these are cutting-edge 11–12 Tesla superconducting magnets, compact superconducting cavities for beam rotation with ultra-precise phase control, new technology and physical processes for beam collimation and 100 metre-long high-power superconducting links with negligible energy dissipation, all of which required several years of dedicated R&D effort on a global international level. The present document describes the technologies and components that will be used to realise the project and is intended to serve as the basis for the detailed engineering design of the HL-LHC

    Mathematical surfaces models between art and reality

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    In this paper, I want to document the history of the mathematical surfaces models used for the didactics of pure and applied “High Mathematics” and as art pieces. These models were built between the second half of nineteenth century and the 1930s. I want here also to underline several important links that put in correspondence conception and construction of models with scholars, cultural institutes, specific views of research and didactical studies in mathematical sciences and with the world of the figurative arts furthermore. At the same time the singular beauty of form and colour which the models possessed, aroused the admiration of those entirely ignorant of their mathematical attraction

    FCC-ee: The Lepton Collider – Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 2

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    Aeronautical enginnering: A cumulative index to a continuing bibliography (supplement 312)

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    This is a cumulative index to the abstracts contained in NASA SP-7037 (301) through NASA SP-7073 (311) of Aeronautical Engineering: A Continuing Bibliography. NASA SP-7037 and its supplements have been compiled by the Center for AeroSpace Information of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This cumulative index includes subject, personal author, corporate source, foreign technology, contract number, report number, and accession number indexes

    FCC-ee: The Lepton Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 2

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    In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics, the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched, as an international collaboration hosted by CERN. This study covers a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee) and an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), which could, successively, be installed in the same 100 km tunnel. The scientific capabilities of the integrated FCC programme would serve the worldwide community throughout the 21st century. The FCC study also investigates an LHC energy upgrade, using FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the second volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the electron-positron collider FCC-ee. After summarizing the physics discovery opportunities, it presents the accelerator design, performance reach, a staged operation scenario, the underlying technologies, civil engineering, technical infrastructure, and an implementation plan. FCC-ee can be built with today’s technology. Most of the FCC-ee infrastructure could be reused for FCC-hh. Combining concepts from past and present lepton colliders and adding a few novel elements, the FCC-ee design promises outstandingly high luminosity. This will make the FCC-ee a unique precision instrument to study the heaviest known particles (Z, W and H bosons and the top quark), offering great direct and indirect sensitivity to new physics

    FCC-ee: The Lepton Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 2

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    Overview of the research program of a future lepton collider
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