1,063 research outputs found
A protected discharge facility for the elderly: design and validation of a working proof-of-concept
With the increasing share of elderly population worldwide, the need for assistive
technologies to support clinicians in monitoring their health conditions is becoming
more and more relevant. As a quantitative tool, geriatricians recently proposed the
notion of frail elderly, which rapidly became a key element of clinical practices for the
estimation of well-being in aging population. The evaluation of frailty is commonly
based on self-reported outcomes and occasional physicians evaluations, and may
therefore contain biased results.
Another important aspect in the elderly population is hospitalization as a risk factor
for patient\u2019s well being and public costs. Hospitalization is the main cause of functional
decline, especially in older adults. The reduction of hospitalization time may
allow an improvement of elderly health conditions and a reduction of hospital costs.
Furthermore, a gradual transition from a hospital environment to a home-like one,
can contribute to the weaning of the patient from a condition of hospitalization to a
condition of discharge to his home. The advent of new technologies allows for the
design and implementation of smart environments to monitor elderly health status
and activities, fulfilling all the requirements of health and safety of the patients.
From these starting points, in this thesis I present data-driven methodologies to
automatically evaluate one of the main aspects contributing to the frailty estimation,
i.e., the motility of the subject. First I will describe a model of protected discharge
facility, realized in collaboration and within the E.O. Ospedali Galliera (Genoa, Italy),
where patients can be monitored by a system of sensors while physicians and nurses
have the opportunity to monitor them remotely. This sensorised facility is being
developed to assist elderly users after they have been dismissed from the hospital
and before they are ready to go back home, with the perspective of coaching them
towards a healthy lifestyle. The facility is equipped with a variety of sensors (vision,
depth, ambient and wearable sensors and medical devices), but in my thesis I primarily
focus on RGB-D sensors and present visual computing tools to automatically
estimate motility features. I provide an extensive system assessment I carried out onthree different experimental sessions with help of young as well as healthy aging volunteers. The results I present are in agreement with the assessment manually
performed by physicians, showing the potential capability of my approach to complement
current protocols of evaluation
A review of High Performance Computing foundations for scientists
The increase of existing computational capabilities has made simulation
emerge as a third discipline of Science, lying midway between experimental and
purely theoretical branches [1, 2]. Simulation enables the evaluation of
quantities which otherwise would not be accessible, helps to improve
experiments and provides new insights on systems which are analysed [3-6].
Knowing the fundamentals of computation can be very useful for scientists, for
it can help them to improve the performance of their theoretical models and
simulations. This review includes some technical essentials that can be useful
to this end, and it is devised as a complement for researchers whose education
is focused on scientific issues and not on technological respects. In this
document we attempt to discuss the fundamentals of High Performance Computing
(HPC) [7] in a way which is easy to understand without much previous
background. We sketch the way standard computers and supercomputers work, as
well as discuss distributed computing and discuss essential aspects to take
into account when running scientific calculations in computers.Comment: 33 page
Distributed Parallel Computing for Visual Cryptography Algorithms
Proceedings of: Second International Workshop on Sustainable Ultrascale Computing Systems (NESUS 2015). Krakow (Poland), September 10-11, 2015.The recent activities to construct exascale and ultrascale distributed computational systems are opening a possibility to apply parallel and distributed computing techniques for applied problems which previously were considered as not solvable with the standard computational resources. In this paper we consider one global optimization problem where a set of feasible solutions is discrete and very large. There is no possibility to apply some apriori estimation techniques to exclude an essential part of these elements from the computational analysis, e.g. applying branch and bound type methods. Thus a full search is required in order to solve such global optimization problems. The considered problem describes visual cryptography algorithms. The main goal is to find optimal perfect gratings, which can guarantee high quality and security of the visual cryptography method. The full search parallel algorithm is based on master-slave paradigm. We present a library of C++ templates that allow the developer to implement parallel master-slave algorithms for his application without any parallel programming and knowledge of parallel programming API. These templates automatically give parallel solvers tailored for clusters of computers using MPI API and distributed computing applications using BOINC API. Results of some computational experiments are presented.The work presented in this paper has been partially supported by EU under the COST programme Action IC1305, âNetwork for Sustainable Ultrascale Computing (NESUS)â
Towards Distributed Mobile Computing
In the latest years, we observed an exponential growth of the market of the mobile devices. In this scenario, it assumes a particular relevance the rate at which mobile devices are replaced. According to the International Telecommunicaton Union in fact, smart-phone owners replace their device every 20 months, on average. The side effect of this trend is to deal with the disposal of an increasing amount of electronic devices which, in many cases, arestill working. We believe that it is feasible to recover such an unexploited computational power. Through a change of paradigm in fact, it is possible to achieve a two-fold objective: 1) extend the mobile devices lifetime, 2) enable a new opportunity to speed up mobile applications. In this paper we aim at providing a survey of state-of-art solutions aim at going in the direction of a Distributed Mobile Computing paradigm. We put in evidence the challenges to be addressed in order to implement this paradigm and we propose some possible future improvements
A complete simulator for volunteer computing environments
Volunteer computing is a type of distributed computing in which ordinary people donate their
idle computer time to science projects like SETI@home, Climateprediction.net and many others.
BOINC provides a complete middleware system for volunteer computing, and it became generalized
as a platform for distributed applications in areas as diverse as mathematics, medicine,
molecular biology, climatology, environmental science, and astrophysics. In this document we
present the whole development process of ComBoS, a complete simulator of the BOINC infrastructure.
Although there are other BOINC simulators, our intention was to create a complete
simulator that, unlike the existing ones, could simulate realistic scenarios taking into account
the whole BOINC infrastructure, that other simulators do not consider: projects, servers, network,
redundant computing, scheduling, and volunteer nodes. The output of the simulations
allows us to analyze a wide range of statistical results, such as the throughput of each project,
the number of jobs executed by the clients, the total credit granted and the average occupation
of the BOINC servers. This bachelor thesis describes the design of ComBoS and the results
of the validation performed. This validation compares the results obtained in ComBoS with
the real ones of three different BOINC projects (Einstein@home, SETI@home and LHC@home).
Besides, we analyze the performance of the simulator in terms of memory usage and execution
time. This document also shows that our simulator can guide the design of BOINC projects,
describing some case studies using ComBoS that could help designers verify the feasibility of
BOINC projects.IngenierĂa InformĂĄtic
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