1,981 research outputs found
Social Mediaâs impact on Intellectual Property Rights
This is a draft chapter. The final version is available in Handbook of Research on Counterfeiting and Illicit Trade, edited by Peggy E. Chaudhry, published in 2017 by Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785366451. This material is for private use only, and cannot be used for any other purpose without further permission of the publisher.Peer reviewe
Mobile health technology adoption across generations: Narrowing the digital divide
Mobile health (m-health) technologies offer many benefits to
individuals, organizations, and health professionals alike. Indeed, the utilization
of m-health by older adults can foster the development of proactive patients,
while also reducing financial burden and resource pressures on health systems.
However, the potentially transformative influence of m-health is limited as
many older adults resist adoption leading to the emergence of an age-based
digital divide. This study leverages protection motivation theory and social
cognitive theory to explore the factors driving resistance among older adults.
This mixed methods study integrates survey findings with insights from
qualitative interviews to highlight that the m-health digital divide is deepening
due to older adultsâ perceived inability to adopt, and their unwillingness to adopt
stemming from mistrust, high risk perceptions, and strong desire for privacy.
The paper contributes to the privacy and social inclusion literature by
demonstrating that while many older adults have access to m-health, they are
currently excluded, and require careful consideration by technology
organizations and researchers. The study provides recommendations for
narrowing the m-health digital divide through inclusive design and educational
efforts to improve self-efficacy, develop privacy literacy, and build trust,
thereby ensuring older citizens are both capable, and willing to adop
Estimating the Size and Structure of the Underground Commercial Sex Economy in Eight Major U.S. Cities
The underground commercial sex economy (UCSE) generates millions of dollars annually, yet investigation and data collection remain under resourced. Our study aimed to unveil the scale of the UCSE in eight major US cities. Across cities, the UCSE's worth was estimated between 290 million in 2007, but decreased since 2003 in all but two cities. Interviews with pimps, traffickers, sex workers, child pornographers, and law enforcement revealed the dynamics central to the underground commercial sex trade -- and shaped the policy suggestions to combat it
Data-driven Computational Social Science: A Survey
Social science concerns issues on individuals, relationships, and the whole
society. The complexity of research topics in social science makes it the
amalgamation of multiple disciplines, such as economics, political science, and
sociology, etc. For centuries, scientists have conducted many studies to
understand the mechanisms of the society. However, due to the limitations of
traditional research methods, there exist many critical social issues to be
explored. To solve those issues, computational social science emerges due to
the rapid advancements of computation technologies and the profound studies on
social science. With the aids of the advanced research techniques, various
kinds of data from diverse areas can be acquired nowadays, and they can help us
look into social problems with a new eye. As a result, utilizing various data
to reveal issues derived from computational social science area has attracted
more and more attentions. In this paper, to the best of our knowledge, we
present a survey on data-driven computational social science for the first time
which primarily focuses on reviewing application domains involving human
dynamics. The state-of-the-art research on human dynamics is reviewed from
three aspects: individuals, relationships, and collectives. Specifically, the
research methodologies used to address research challenges in aforementioned
application domains are summarized. In addition, some important open challenges
with respect to both emerging research topics and research methods are
discussed.Comment: 28 pages, 8 figure
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Does Twitter matter? The impact of microblogging word of mouth on consumersâ adoption of new movies
This research provides an empirical test of the âTwitter effect,â which postulates that microblogging word of mouth (MWOM) shared through Twitter and similar services affects early product adoption behaviors by immediately disseminating consumersâ post-purchase quality evaluations. This is a potentially crucial factor for the success of experiential media products and other products whose distribution strategy relies on a hyped release. Studying the four million MWOM messages sent via Twitter concerning 105 movies on their respective opening weekends, the authors find support for the Twitter effect and report evidence of a negativity bias. In a follow-up incident study of 600 Twitter users who decided not to see a movie based on negative MWOM, the authors shed additional light on the Twitter effect by investigating how consumers use MWOM information in their decision-making processes and describing MWOMâs defining characteristics. They use these insights to position MWOM in the word-of-mouth landscape, to identify future word-of-mouth research opportunities based on this conceptual positioning, and to develop managerial implications
Citizen Science: The Law and Ethics of Public Access to Medical Big Data
Patient-related medical information is becoming increasingly available on the Internet, spurred by government open data policies and private sector data sharing initiatives. Websites such as HealthData.gov, GenBank, and PatientsLikeMe allow members of the public to access a wealth of health information. As the medical information terrain quickly changes, the legal system must not lag behind. This Article provides a base on which to build a coherent data policy. It canvasses emergent data troves and wrestles with their legal and ethical ramifications.
Publicly accessible medical data have the potential to yield numerous benefits, including scientific discoveries, cost savings, the development of patient support tools, healthcare quality improvement, greater government transparency, public education, and positive changes in healthcare policy. At the same time, the availability of electronic personal health information that can be mined by any Internet user raises concerns related to privacy, discrimination, erroneous research findings, and litigation. This Article analyzes the benefits and risks of health data sharing and proposes balanced legislative, regulatory, and policy modifications to guide data disclosure and use
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Not all digital word of mouth is created equal: Understanding the respective impact of consumer reviews and microblogs on new product success
The expansion of the Internet and social media have triggered a differentiation of the word-of-mouth (WOM) concept, with consumer communication about brands and products now taking place in various settings and forms. Two important digital WOM types are microblogs and consumer reviews. To clarify their differential roles for product success, this study offers a theoretical framework of the influence of these two types of WOM, drawing from consumer information search theory and diffusion theory. The tests of the proposed framework use a longitudinal data set of video game sales and weekly information gathered from microblogs (i.e., over 13 million tweets from Twitter) and consumer reviews (i.e., more than 17,000 Amazon consumer reviews). Analyzing a system of equations provides evidence that the influence of microblogs and consumer reviews on new product success changes over time. Prior to launch, the volumes of microblogs and consumer reviews, together with advertising, represent primary sales drivers. After launch, the volume of microblogs is initially influential, then loses impact, whereas the impact of the volume of consumer reviews continues to grow. The valence of consumer reviews gains significance only near the end of the observation period, but the valence of microblogging is never influential
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