1,548,839 research outputs found
Generalizations of the Familywise Error Rate
Consider the problem of simultaneously testing null hypotheses H_1,...,H_s.
The usual approach to dealing with the multiplicity problem is to restrict
attention to procedures that control the familywise error rate (FWER), the
probability of even one false rejection. In many applications, particularly if
s is large, one might be willing to tolerate more than one false rejection
provided the number of such cases is controlled, thereby increasing the ability
of the procedure to detect false null hypotheses. This suggests replacing
control of the FWER by controlling the probability of k or more false
rejections, which we call the k-FWER. We derive both single-step and stepdown
procedures that control the k-FWER, without making any assumptions concerning
the dependence structure of the p-values of the individual tests. In
particular, we derive a stepdown procedure that is quite simple to apply, and
prove that it cannot be improved without violation of control of the k-FWER. We
also consider the false discovery proportion (FDP) defined by the number of
false rejections divided by the total number of rejections (defined to be 0 if
there are no rejections). The false discovery rate proposed by Benjamini and
Hochberg [J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 57 (1995) 289-300] controls E(FDP).
Here, we construct methods such that, for any \gamma and \alpha,
P{FDP>\gamma}\le\alpha. Two stepdown methods are proposed. The first holds
under mild conditions on the dependence structure of p-values, while the second
is more conservative but holds without any dependence assumptions.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053605000000084 in the
Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Soft output bit error rate estimation for WCDMA
This paper introduces a method that computes an estimation of the bit error rate (BER) based on the RAKE receiver soft output only. For this method no knowledge is needed about the channel characteristics nor the precise external conditions. Simulations show that the mean error of the estimation is below 2%, with only a small variance. Implementation issues for a practical use of the method are discussed
Topological Quantum Error Correction with Optimal Encoding Rate
We prove the existence of topological quantum error correcting codes with
encoding rates asymptotically approaching the maximum possible value.
Explicit constructions of these topological codes are presented using surfaces
of arbitrary genus. We find a class of regular toric codes that are optimal.
For physical implementations, we present planar topological codes.Comment: REVTEX4 file, 5 figure
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