13 research outputs found
LIPIcs, Volume 244, ESA 2022, Complete Volume
LIPIcs, Volume 244, ESA 2022, Complete Volum
Three Risky Decades: A Time for Econophysics?
Our Special Issue we publish at a turning point, which we have not dealt with since World War II. The interconnected long-term global shocks such as the coronavirus pandemic, the war in Ukraine, and catastrophic climate change have imposed significant humanitary, socio-economic, political, and environmental restrictions on the globalization process and all aspects of economic and social life including the existence of individual people. The planet is trappedâthe current situation seems to be the prelude to an apocalypse whose long-term effects we will have for decades. Therefore, it urgently requires a concept of the planet's survival to be builtâonly on this basis can the conditions for its development be created. The Special Issue gives evidence of the state of econophysics before the current situation. Therefore, it can provide excellent econophysics or an inter-and cross-disciplinary starting point of a rational approach to a new era
Meaning in Distributions : A Study on Computational Methods in Lexical Semantics
This study investigates the connection between lexical items' distributions and their meanings from the perspective of computational distributional operations. When applying computational methods in meaning-related research, it is customary to refer to the so-called distributional hypothesis, according to which differences in distributions and meanings are mutually correlated. However, making use of such a hypothesis requires critical explication of the concept of distribution and plausible arguments for why any particular distributional structure is connected to a particular meaning-related phenomenon.
In broad strokes, the present study seeks to chart the major differences in how the concept of distribution is conceived in structuralist/autonomous and usage-based/functionalist theoretical families of contemporary linguistics. The two theoretical positions on distributions are studied for identifying how meanings could enter as enabling or constraining factors in them.
The empirical part of the study comprises two case studies. In the first one, three pairs of antonymical adjectives (köyhÀ/rikas, sairas/terve and vanha/nuori) are studied distributionally. Very narrow bag-of-word vector representations of distributions show how the dimensions on which relevant distributional similarities are based already conflate unexpected and varied range of linguistic phenomena, spanning from syntax-oriented conceptual constrainment to connotations, pragmatic patterns and affectivity. Thus, the results simultaneously corroborate the distributional hypothesis and challenge its over-generalized, uncritical applicability. For the study of meaning, distributional and semantic spaces cannot be treated as analogous by default.
In the second case study, a distributional operation is purposefully built for answering a research question related to historical development of Finnish social law terminology in the period of 1860â1910. Using a method based on interlinked collocation networks, the study shows how the term vaivainen (âpauper, beggar, measlyâ) receded from the prestigious legal and administrative registers during the studied period. Corroborating some of the findings of the previous parts of this dissertation, the case study shows how structures found in distributional representations cannot be satisfactorily explained without relying on semantic, pragmatic and discoursal interpretations. The analysis leads to confirming the timeline of the studied word use in the given register. It also shows how the distributional methods based on networked patterns of co-occurrence highlight incomparable structures of very different nature and skew towards frequent occurrence types prevalent in the data.Nykyaikaiset laskennalliset menetelmĂ€t suorittavat suurista tekstiaineistoista koottujen tilastollisten mallien avulla lĂ€hes virheettömĂ€sti monia sanojen merkitysten ymmĂ€rtĂ€mistĂ€ edellyttĂ€viĂ€ tehtĂ€viĂ€. Kielitieteellisen metodologian kannalta onkin kiinnostavaa, miten tĂ€llaiset menetelmĂ€t sopivat kiellisten rakenteiden merkitysten lingvistiseen tutkimukseen. TĂ€mĂ€ vĂ€itöstutkimus lĂ€hestyy kysymystĂ€ sanasemantiikan nĂ€kökulmasta ja pyrkii sekĂ€ teoreettisesti ettĂ€ empiirisesti kuvaamaan minkĂ€laisia merkityksen lajeja pelkkiin sanojen sekvensseihin perustuvat laskennalliset menetelmĂ€t kykenevĂ€t tavoittamaan.
VÀitöstutkimus koostuu kahdesta osatutkimuksesta, joista ensimmÀisessÀ tutkitaan kolmea vastakohtaista adjektiiviparia Suomi24-aineistosta kootun vektoriavaruusmallin avulla. Tulokset osoittavat, miten jo hyvin rajatut sekvenssiympÀristöt sisÀltÀvÀt informaatiota kÀsitteellisten merkitysten lisÀksi myös muun muassa niiden konnotaatioista ja affektiivisuudesta. SekvenssiympÀristön tuottama kuva merkityksestÀ on kuitenkin kattavuudeltaan ennalta-arvaamaton ja ne kielekÀyttötavat, jotka tutkimusaineistossa ovat yleisiÀ vaikuttavat selvÀsti siihen mitÀ merkityksen piirteitÀ tulee nÀkyviin.
Toisessa osatutkimuksessa jÀljitetÀÀn erÀÀn sosiaalioikeudellisen termin, vaivaisen, historiaa 1800-luvun loppupuolella Kansalliskirjaston historiallisesta digitaalisesta sanomalehtikokoelmasta. MyötÀesiintymÀverkostojen avulla pyritÀÀn selvittÀmÀÀn miten se katosi oikeuskielestÀ tunnistamalla aineistosta hallinnollis-juridista rekisteriÀ vastaava rakenne ja seuraamalla vaivaisen asemaa siinÀ. MenetelmÀnÀ kÀytetyt myötÀesiintymÀverkostot eivÀt kuitenkaan edusta puhtaasti mitÀÀn tiettyÀ rekisteriÀ, vaan sekoittavat itseensÀ piirteitÀ erilaisista kategorioista, joilla kielen kÀyttöÀ on esimerkiksi tekstintutkimuksessa kuvattu. TiheimmÀt verkostot muodostuvat rekisterien, genrejen, tekstityyppien ja sanastollisen koheesion yhteisvaikutuksesta. Osatutkimuksen tulokset antavat viitteitÀ siitÀ, ettÀ tÀmÀ on yleinen piirre monissa samankaltaisissa menetelmissÀ, mukaan lukien yleiset aihemallit
Human Practice. Digital Ecologies. Our Future. : 14. Internationale Tagung Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI 2019) : Tagungsband
Erschienen bei: universi - UniversitÀtsverlag Siegen. - ISBN: 978-3-96182-063-4Aus dem Inhalt:
Track 1: Produktion & Cyber-Physische Systeme
Requirements and a Meta Model for Exchanging Additive Manufacturing Capacities
Service Systems, Smart Service Systems and Cyber- Physical SystemsâWhatâs the difference? Towards a Unified Terminology
Developing an Industrial IoT Platform â Trade-off between Horizontal and Vertical Approaches
Machine Learning und Complex Event Processing: Effiziente Echtzeitauswertung am Beispiel Smart Factory
Sensor retrofit for a coffee machine as condition monitoring and predictive maintenance use case
Stakeholder-Analyse zum Einsatz IIoT-basierter Frischeinformationen in der Lebensmittelindustrie
Towards a Framework for Predictive Maintenance Strategies in Mechanical Engineering - A Method-Oriented Literature Analysis
Development of a matching platform for the requirement-oriented selection of cyber physical systems for SMEs
Track 2: Logistic Analytics
An Empirical Study of Customersâ Behavioral Intention to Use Ridepooling Services â An Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model
Modeling Delay Propagation and Transmission in Railway Networks
What is the impact of company specific adjustments on the acceptance and diffusion of logistic standards?
Robust Route Planning in Intermodal Urban Traffic
Track 3: Unternehmensmodellierung & Informationssystemgestaltung (Enterprise Modelling & Information Systems Design)
Work System Modeling Method with Different Levels of Specificity and Rigor for Different Stakeholder Purposes
Resolving Inconsistencies in Declarative Process Models based on Culpability Measurement
Strategic Analysis in the Realm of Enterprise Modeling â On the Example of Blockchain-Based Initiatives for the Electricity Sector
Zwischenbetriebliche Integration in der Möbelbranche: Konfigurationen und Einflussfaktoren
Novicesâ Quality Perceptions and the Acceptance of Process Modeling Grammars
Entwicklung einer Definition fĂŒr Social Business Objects (SBO) zur Modellierung von Unternehmensinformationen
Designing a Reference Model for Digital Product Configurators
Terminology for Evolving Design Artifacts
Business Role-Object Specification: A Language for Behavior-aware Structural Modeling of Business Objects
Generating Smart Glasses-based Information Systems with BPMN4SGA: A BPMN Extension for Smart Glasses Applications
Using Blockchain in Peer-to-Peer Carsharing to Build Trust in the Sharing Economy
Testing in Big Data: An Architecture Pattern for a Development Environment for Innovative, Integrated and Robust Applications
Track 4: Lern- und Wissensmanagement (e-Learning and Knowledge Management)
eGovernment Competences revisited â A Literature Review on necessary Competences in a Digitalized Public Sector
Say Hello to Your New Automated Tutor â A Structured Literature Review on Pedagogical Conversational Agents
Teaching the Digital Transformation of Business Processes: Design of a Simulation Game for Information Systems Education
Conceptualizing Immersion for Individual Learning in Virtual Reality
Designing a Flipped Classroom Course â a Process Model
The Influence of Risk-Taking on Knowledge Exchange and Combination
Gamified Feedback durch Avatare im Mobile Learning
Alexa, Can You Help Me Solve That Problem? - Understanding the Value of Smart Personal Assistants as Tutors for Complex Problem Tasks
Track 5: Data Science & Business Analytics
Matching with Bundle Preferences: Tradeoff between Fairness and Truthfulness
Applied image recognition: guidelines for using deep learning models in practice
Yield Prognosis for the Agrarian Management of Vineyards using Deep Learning for Object Counting
Reading Between the Lines of Qualitative Data â How to Detect Hidden Structure Based on Codes
Online Auctions with Dual-Threshold Algorithms: An Experimental Study and Practical Evaluation
Design Features of Non-Financial Reward Programs for Online Reviews: Evaluation based on Google Maps Data
Topic Embeddings â A New Approach to Classify Very Short Documents Based on Predefined Topics
Leveraging Unstructured Image Data for Product Quality Improvement
Decision Support for Real Estate Investors: Improving Real Estate Valuation with 3D City Models and Points of Interest
Knowledge Discovery from CVs: A Topic Modeling Procedure
Online Product Descriptions â Boost for your Sales?
EntscheidungsunterstĂŒtzung durch historienbasierte Dienstreihenfolgeplanung mit Pattern
A Semi-Automated Approach for Generating Online Review Templates
Machine Learning goes Measure Management: Leveraging Anomaly Detection and Parts Search to Improve Product-Cost Optimization
Bedeutung von Predictive Analytics fĂŒr den theoretischen Erkenntnisgewinn in der IS-Forschung
Track 6: Digitale Transformation und Dienstleistungen
Heuristic Theorizing in Software Development: Deriving Design Principles for Smart Glasses-based Systems
Mirroring E-service for Brick and Mortar Retail: An Assessment and Survey
Taxonomy of Digital Platforms: A Platform Architecture Perspective
Value of Star Players in the Digital Age
Local Shopping Platforms â Harnessing Locational Advantages for the Digital Transformation of Local Retail Outlets: A Content Analysis
A Socio-Technical Approach to Manage Analytics-as-a-Service â Results of an Action Design Research Project
Characterizing Approaches to Digital Transformation: Development of a Taxonomy of Digital Units
Expectations vs. Reality â Benefits of Smart Services in the Field of Tension between Industry and Science
Innovation Networks and Digital Innovation: How Organizations Use Innovation Networks in a Digitized Environment
Characterising Social Reading Platformsâ A Taxonomy-Based Approach to Structure the Field
Less Complex than Expected â What Really Drives IT Consulting Value
Modularity Canvas â A Framework for Visualizing Potentials of Service Modularity
Towards a Conceptualization of Capabilities for Innovating Business Models in the Industrial Internet of Things
A Taxonomy of Barriers to Digital Transformation
Ambidexterity in Service Innovation Research: A Systematic Literature Review
Design and success factors of an online solution for cross-pillar pension information
Track 7: IT-Management und -Strategie
A Frugal Support Structure for New Software Implementations in SMEs
How to Structure a Company-wide Adoption of Big Data Analytics
The Changing Roles of Innovation Actors and Organizational Antecedents in the Digital Age
Bewertung des Kundennutzens von Chatbots fĂŒr den Einsatz im Servicedesk
Understanding the Benefits of Agile Software Development in Regulated Environments
Are Employees Following the Rules? On the Effectiveness of IT Consumerization Policies
Agile and Attached: The Impact of Agile Practices on Agile Team Membersâ Affective Organisational Commitment
The Complexity Trap â Limits of IT Flexibility for Supporting Organizational Agility in Decentralized Organizations
Platform Openness: A Systematic Literature Review and Avenues for Future Research
Competence, Fashion and the Case of Blockchain
The Digital Platform Otto.de: A Case Study of Growth, Complexity, and Generativity
Track 8: eHealth & alternde Gesellschaft
Security and Privacy of Personal Health Records in Cloud Computing Environments â An Experimental Exploration of the Impact of Storage Solutions and Data Breaches
Patientenintegration durch Pfadsysteme
Digitalisierung in der StressprĂ€vention â eine qualitative Interviewstudie zu Nutzenpotenzialen
User Dynamics in Mental Health Forums â A Sentiment Analysis Perspective
Intent and the Use of Wearables in the Workplace â A Model Development
Understanding Patient Pathways in the Context of Integrated Health Care Services - Implications from a Scoping Review
Understanding the Habitual Use of Wearable Activity Trackers
On the Fit in Fitness Apps: Studying the Interaction of Motivational Affordances and Usersâ Goal Orientations in Affecting the Benefits Gained
Gamification in Health Behavior Change Support Systems - A Synthesis of Unintended Side Effects
Investigating the Influence of Information Incongruity on Trust-Relations within Trilateral Healthcare Settings
Track 9: Krisen- und KontinuitÀtsmanagement
Potentiale von IKT beim Ausfall kritischer Infrastrukturen: Erwartungen, Informationsgewinnung und Mediennutzung der Zivilbevölkerung in Deutschland
Fake News Perception in Germany: A Representative Study of Peopleâs Attitudes and Approaches to Counteract Disinformation
Analyzing the Potential of Graphical Building Information for Fire Emergency Responses: Findings from a Controlled Experiment
Track 10: Human-Computer Interaction
Towards a Taxonomy of Platforms for Conversational Agent Design
Measuring Service Encounter Satisfaction with Customer Service Chatbots using Sentiment Analysis
Self-Tracking and Gamification: Analyzing the Interplay of Motivations, Usage and Motivation Fulfillment
Erfolgsfaktoren von Augmented-Reality-Applikationen: Analyse von Nutzerrezensionen mit dem Review-Mining-Verfahren
Designing Dynamic Decision Support for Electronic Requirements Negotiations
Who is Stressed by Using ICTs? A Qualitative Comparison Analysis with the Big Five Personality Traits to Understand Technostress
Walking the Middle Path: How Medium Trade-Off Exposure Leads to Higher Consumer Satisfaction in Recommender Agents
Theory-Based Affordances of Utilitarian, Hedonic and Dual-Purposed Technologies: A Literature Review
Eliciting Customer Preferences for Shopping Companion Apps: A Service Quality Approach
The Role of Early User Participation in Discovering Software â A Case Study from the Context of Smart Glasses
The Fluidity of the Self-Concept as a Framework to Explain the Motivation to Play Video Games
Heart over Heels? An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Emotions and Review Helpfulness for Experience and Credence Goods
Track 11: Information Security and Information Privacy
Unfolding Concerns about Augmented Reality Technologies: A Qualitative Analysis of User Perceptions
To (Psychologically) Own Data is to Protect Data: How Psychological Ownership Determines Protective Behavior in a Work and Private Context
Understanding Data Protection Regulations from a Data Management Perspective: A Capability-Based Approach to EU-GDPR
On the Difficulties of Incentivizing Online Privacy through Transparency: A Qualitative Survey of the German Health Insurance Market
What is Your Selfie Worth? A Field Study on Individualsâ Valuation of Personal Data
Justification of Mass Surveillance: A Quantitative Study
An Exploratory Study of Risk Perception for Data Disclosure to a Network of Firms
Track 12: Umweltinformatik und nachhaltiges Wirtschaften
KommunikationsfĂ€den im Nadelöhr â Fachliche Prozessmodellierung der Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation am Kapitalmarkt
Potentiale und Herausforderungen der Materialflusskostenrechnung
Computing Incentives for User-Based Relocation in Carsharing
Sustainabilityâs Coming Home: Preliminary Design Principles for the Sustainable Smart District
Substitution of hazardous chemical substances using Deep Learning and t-SNE
A Hierarchy of DSMLs in Support of Product Life-Cycle Assessment
A Survey of Smart Energy Services for Private Households
Door-to-Door Mobility Integrators as Keystone Organizations of Smart Ecosystems: Resources and Value Co-Creation â A Literature Review
Ein EntscheidungsunterstĂŒtzungssystem zur ökonomischen Bewertung von Mieterstrom auf Basis der Clusteranalyse
Discovering Blockchain for Sustainable Product-Service Systems to enhance the Circular Economy
Digitale RĂŒckverfolgbarkeit von Lebensmitteln: Eine verbraucherinformatische Studie
Umweltbewusstsein durch audiovisuelles Content Marketing? Eine experimentelle Untersuchung zur Konsumentenbewertung nachhaltiger Smartphones
Towards Predictive Energy Management in Information Systems: A Research Proposal
A Web Browser-Based Application for Processing and Analyzing Material Flow Models using the MFCA Methodology
Track 13: Digital Work - Social, mobile, smart
On Conversational Agents in Information Systems Research: Analyzing the Past to Guide Future Work
The Potential of Augmented Reality for Improving Occupational First Aid
Prevent a Vicious Circle! The Role of Organizational IT-Capability in Attracting IT-affine Applicants
Good, Bad, or Both? Conceptualization and Measurement of Ambivalent User Attitudes Towards AI
A Case Study on Cross-Hierarchical Communication in Digital Work Environments
âShow Me Your People Skillsâ - Employing CEO Branding for Corporate Reputation Management in Social Media
A Multiorganisational Study of the Drivers and Barriers of Enterprise Collaboration Systems-Enabled Change
The More the Merrier? The Effect of Size of Core Team Subgroups on Success of Open Source Projects
The Impact of Anthropomorphic and Functional Chatbot Design Features in Enterprise Collaboration Systems on User Acceptance
Digital Feedback for Digital Work? Affordances and Constraints of a Feedback App at InsurCorp
The Effect of Marker-less Augmented Reality on Task and Learning Performance
Antecedents for Cyberloafing â A Literature Review
Internal Crowd Work as a Source of Empowerment - An Empirical Analysis of the Perception of Employees in a Crowdtesting Project
Track 14: GeschÀftsmodelle und digitales Unternehmertum
Dividing the ICO Jungle: Extracting and Evaluating Design Archetypes
Capturing Value from Data: Exploring Factors Influencing Revenue Model Design for Data-Driven Services
Understanding the Role of Data for Innovating Business Models: A System Dynamics Perspective
Business Model Innovation and Stakeholder: Exploring Mechanisms and Outcomes of Value Creation and Destruction
Business Models for Internet of Things Platforms: Empirical Development of a Taxonomy and Archetypes
Revitalizing established Industrial Companies: State of the Art and Success Principles of Digital Corporate Incubators
When 1+1 is Greater than 2: Concurrence of Additional Digital and Established Business Models within Companies
Special Track 1: Student Track
Investigating Personalized Price Discrimination of Textile-, Electronics- and General Stores in German Online Retail
From Facets to a Universal Definition â An Analysis of IoT Usage in Retail
Is the Technostress Creators Inventory Still an Up-To-Date Measurement Instrument? Results of a Large-Scale Interview Study
Application of Media Synchronicity Theory to Creative Tasks in Virtual Teams Using the Example of Design Thinking
TrustyTweet: An Indicator-based Browser-Plugin to Assist Users in Dealing with Fake News on Twitter
Application of Process Mining Techniques to Support Maintenance-Related Objectives
How Voice Can Change Customer Satisfaction: A Comparative Analysis between E-Commerce and Voice Commerce
Business Process Compliance and Blockchain: How Does the Ethereum Blockchain Address Challenges of Business Process Compliance?
Improving Business Model Configuration through a Question-based Approach
The Influence of Situational Factors and Gamification on Intrinsic Motivation and Learning
Evaluation von ITSM-Tools fĂŒr Integration und Management von Cloud-Diensten am Beispiel von ServiceNow
How Software Promotes the Integration of Sustainability in Business Process Management
Criteria Catalog for Industrial IoT Platforms from the Perspective of the Machine Tool Industry
Special Track 3: Demos & Prototyping
Privacy-friendly User Location Tracking with Smart Devices: The BeaT Prototype
Application-oriented robotics in nursing homes
Augmented Reality for Set-up Processe
Mixed Reality for supporting Remote-Meetings
Gamification zur Motivationssteigerung von Werkern bei der Betriebsdatenerfassung
Automatically Extracting and Analyzing Customer Needs from Twitter: A âNeedminingâ Prototype
GaNEsHA: Opportunities for Sustainable Transportation in Smart Cities
TUCANA: A platform for using local processing power of edge devices for building data-driven services
Demonstrator zur Beschreibung und Visualisierung einer kritischen Infrastruktur
Entwicklung einer alltagsnahen persuasiven App zur Bewegungsmotivation fĂŒr Ă€ltere Nutzerinnen und Nutzer
A browser-based modeling tool for studying the learning of conceptual modeling based on a multi-modal data collection approach
Exergames & Dementia: An interactive System for People with Dementia and their Care-Network
Workshops
Workshop Ethics and Morality in Business Informatics (Workshop Ethik und Moral in der Wirtschaftsinformatik â EMoWIâ19)
Model-Based Compliance in Information Systems - Foundations, Case Description and Data Set of the MobIS-Challenge for Students and Doctoral Candidates
Report of the Workshop on Concepts and Methods of Identifying Digital Potentials in Information Management
Control of Systemic Risks in Global Networks - A Grand Challenge to Information Systems Research
Die Mitarbeiter von morgen - Kompetenzen kĂŒnftiger Mitarbeiter im Bereich Business Analytics
Digitaler Konsum: Herausforderungen und Chancen der Verbraucherinformati
An Empirical Investigation Of Information Technology Mediated Customer Services In China
Information technology mediated customer service is a reality of the 21st century. More and more companies have moved their customer services from in store and in person to online through computer or mobile devices. Using 208 respondents collected from two Chinese universities, this paper investigates customer preference over two service delivery model (either in store or online) on five type of purchasing (retail, eating-out, banking, travel and entertainment) and their perception difference in customer service quality between those two delivery model. Results show that a majority of Chinese students prefer in store and in person for eating out. For ordering tickets for travel and entertainment, they prefer computer/mobile device. For retail purchasing and banking, less than half of the students prefer in person services. In general, the results show that ordering through computer/mobile devices has become more popular in China and has received higher rating for most of customer service quality except security compared to ordering in store. In addition, it is found that there exist a gender difference in purchasing preference and perception in service delivery quality in China
Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik (MKWI) 2016: Technische UniversitÀt Ilmenau, 09. - 11. MÀrz 2016; Band I
Ăbersicht der Teilkonferenzen Band I:
⹠11. Konferenz MobilitÀt und Digitalisierung (MMS 2016)
âą Automated Process und Service Management
âą Business Intelligence, Analytics und Big Data
âą Computational Mobility, Transportation and Logistics
âą CSCW & Social Computing
⹠Cyber-Physische Systeme und digitale Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke
âą Digitalisierung und Privacy
âą e-Commerce und e-Business
âą E-Government â Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien im öffentlichen Sektor
âą E-Learning und Lern-Service-Engineering â Entwicklung, Einsatz und Evaluation technikgestĂŒtzter Lehr-/Lernprozess
Behavioral microfoundations of retail credit markets :a theoretical and experimental approximation
[Resumen] La reciente crisis financiera ha renovado el interĂ©s en el papel que juega el crĂ©dito, particularmente bancario, para amplificar el ciclo econĂłmico. Esta tesis se centra en el lado de la oferta para estudiar la eficiencia informativa de los sistemas bancarios a la hora de conceder crĂ©dito a la economĂa. Tras una revisiĂłn de la literatura centrada en dicho objeto, establecemos la economĂa y finanzas conductuales como marco conceptual de nuestra investigaciĂłn. Asi, comentamos en primer lugar los lĂmites para aplicar la hipĂłtesis del mercado eficiente, paradigma clĂĄsico en los mercados financieros, a los sistemas bancarios, y ofrecemos un enfoque alternativo en tres pasos que se basa en la literatura conductual. DespuĂ©s, llevamos a cabo una investigaciĂłn experimental para testar el primer paso: un juego de simulaciĂłn diseñado para replicar el esquema bĂĄsico en el que un banco establece sus polĂticas de crĂ©dito. Los resultados se contrastan con los perfiles de los participantes en tĂ©rminos de exceso de confianza y la teorĂa prospectiva, para determinar si estos sesgos podrĂan explicar las diferentes polĂticas de crĂ©dito. Por Ășltimo, ofrecemos un modelo teĂłrico para analizar los pasos segundo y tercero. Asumiendo que algunos bancos tienen gerentes demasiado optimistas, el modelo muestra cĂłmo los bancos racionales seguirĂan a sus competidores sesgados, y describe los lĂmites del arbitraje en la industria que impedirĂan restaurar la eficiencia informativa.[Resumo]A recente crise financeira renovou o interese no papel xogado polo crĂ©dito, en particular bancario, na amplificaciĂłn do ciclo econĂłmico. Esta tese cĂ©ntrase no lado da oferta ao obxecto de estudar a eficiencia informativa dos sistemas bancarios cando conceden crĂ©dito ĂĄ economĂa. Tras unha revisiĂłn das principais ĂĄreas da literatura centradas en dita cuestiĂłn, fixamos a economĂa e finanzas conductuais como marco conceptual da nosa investigaciĂłn. Deste xeito, debatemos primeiro sobre as limitaciĂłns para aplicar a hipĂłtese do mercado eficiente, paradigma clĂĄsico nos mercados financeiros, aos sistemas bancarios, e suxerimos un enfoque alternativo en tres pasos, baseado na literatura conductual. Logo, poñemos en prĂĄctica unha investigaciĂłn experimental ao obxecto de testar o primeiro paso: un xogo de simulaciĂłn deseñado para replicar o esquema bĂĄsico no que un banco establece as sĂșas polĂticas de crĂ©dito. Os resultados son contrastados cĂłs perfĂs dos participantes en termos de exceso de confianza e a teorĂa prospectiva, para determinar se ditos sesgos poderĂan explicar diferentes polĂticas de crĂ©dito entre bancos. Para rematar, ofertamos un modelo teĂłrico para analizar o segundo e terceiro paso. Asumindo que algĂșns bancos son dirixidos por xestores optimistas de mĂĄis, o modelo mostra como os bancos racionais seguirĂan aos seus sesgados competidores, e describe os lĂmites da arbitraxe na industria que impedirĂan restablecer a eficiencia informativa.[Abstract]
The recent financial crisis has renewed interest in the role credit plays, particularly when granted by the banking sector, to amplify the economic cycle. This thesis focuses on the credit supply side to study the informational efficiency of bank-based financial systems when granting credit to the economy. After a revision of the main areas of the literature that are devoted to such purpose, we set the behavioral economics and finance as a conceptual framework for our research. Thus, we firstly discuss the limits to apply the classic paradigm in financial markets, the efficient market hypothesis, to bank-based systems, and offer an alternative approach in three steps, based on the behavioral literature. Then, we implement an experimental research to test the first step. The experiment consists of a business simulation game designed to replicate the basics of a bank to set its credit policies. The results are tested against the participantsâ profiles in terms of overconfidence and prospect theory, to determine whether these behavioral biases might explain different credit policies across banks. Finally, we offer a theoretical model to analyze the second and third steps in the behavioral approach. Assuming some banks are run by too optimistic managers, the model shows how rational banks would herd to follow their biased competitors, and describes the limits of arbitrage in the industry that would prevent informational efficiency to be restored
Envy Quotes and the Iterated Core-Selecting Combinatorial Auction
Using a model of agent behavior based around envy-reducing strategies, we describe an iterated combinatorial auction in which the allocation and prices converge to a solution in the core of the agents' true valuations. In each round of the iterative auction mechanism, agents act on envy quotes produced by the mechanism: hints that suggest the prices of the bundles they are interested in. We describe optimal methods of generating envy quotes for various core-selecting mechanisms. Prior work on core-selecting combinatorial auctions has required agents to have perfect information about every agent's valuations to achieve a solution in the core. In contrast, here a core solution is reached even in the private information setting
Toward a theory of the evolution of business ecosystems : enterprise architectures, competitive dynamics, firm performance & industrial co-evolution
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Vita.Includes bibliographical references (v. 4, p. 698-745).This dissertation contributes toward the building of a theory of the evolution of business ecosystems. In the process, it addresses a question that has been posed by evolutionary theorists in the economics and sociology literatures for decades: "Why do firms in the same industry vary systematically in performance over time?" Seeking a systematic explanation of a longitudinal phenomenon inevitably requires characterizing the evolution of the industrial ecosystem, as both the organization (firm) and its environment (industry, markets and institutions) are co-evolving. This question is therefore explored via a theoretical sample in three industrial ecosystems covering manufacturing and service sectors, with competitors from the US, Europe and Japan: commercial airplanes, motor vehicles and airlines. The research is based primarily on an in depth seven-year, multi-level, multi-method, field-based case study of both firms in the large commercial airplanes industry mixed duopoly as well as the key stakeholders in their extended enterprises (i.e. customers, suppliers, investors and employees). This field work is supplemented with historical comparative analysis in all three industries, as well as nonlinear dynamic simulation models developed to capture the essential mechanisms governing the evolution of business ecosystems.(cont.) A theoretical framework is developed which endogenously traces the co-evolution of firms and their industrial environments using their highest-level system properties of form, function and fitness (as reflected in the system sciences of morphology, physiology and ecology), and which embraces the evolutionary processes of variation, selection and retention. The framework captures the path-dependent evolution of heterogeneous populations of enterprise architectures engaged in symbiotic inter-species competition and posits the evolution of dominant designs in enterprise architectures that oscillate deterministically and chaotically between modular and integral states throughout an industry's life-cycle. Architectural innovation - at the extended enterprise level - is demonstrated to contribute to the failure of established firms, with causal mechanisms developed to explain tipping points.by Theodore F. Piepenbrock.Ph.D
Partnership in UK financial services : achieving efficiency, equity and voice?
The existing British partnership literature is notoriously polarised. Two main streams of research have emerged. Early empirical work focused upon trade union representative capacity outcomes, in other words does partnership represent a threat or opportunity to the beleaguered trade union movement. Many of the conclusions have been negative, suggesting that partnership is a dangerous strategy for trade unions. More recent empirical work has focused upon the extent to which partnership offers mutual gains outcomes to employers, trade unions and employees. While much of the research has been pessimistic, various typologies of partnership have emerged, suggesting a variety of possible outcomes. However, despite the abundance of literature, three particular limitations are noteworthy. Firstly, few studies consider how partnership plays out in different contexts. Secondly, little attention has been given to understanding more about the process of partnership. Thirdly, there are limitations to the way outcomes have been assessed. Crude use of labour outcomes, such as job losses or pay levels may tell us nothing about the quality of employment relations. Accordingly, the study has five main objectives. Firstly, partnership is explored in a variety of organisational contexts. Secondly, particular attention is paid to what partnership means to organisational actors. Thirdly, the study focuses upon two indicators of partnership process: the nature of relationships between actors, and the way issues are handled and decisions are made. Indeed, it is argued that one cannot fully understand the outcomes without exploring both process and context. Fourthly, outcomes for management, unions and employees are explored, as well as wider societal goals. Finally, the study considers some of the main challenges to partnership in the UK. Given the nature of the research questions, qualitative methods were thought to be most appropriate. In particular, a case study research design was employed focusing on three organisations in the thriving financial service sector, thus offering a very different context to traditional IR - and partnership â research in manufacturing and public services. The study also offers insights into partnership in both union and non-union firms. The bulk of the data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with a range of managers, representatives and employees in each organisation, as well as interviews with trade union officials. This was supplemented by documentary analysis and non-participant observation. Thus, the thesis makes several important contributions. Firstly, it offers fresh empirical evidence into partnership working in the UK, drawn from a variety of contexts within the internationally important financial service sector. Since the outcomes of partnership are difficult to measure the study also considers issues of process which are overlooked in the existing research. Actor relationships and bargaining explored in relation to models of integrative and distributive bargaining as proposed by Walton and McKersie (1965). Decision making processes are also explored by developing the analytical framework proposed by Budd (2004), which has not been widely employed in British industrial relations research. The thesis therefore offers a different way of evaluating the outcomes of partnership for various stakeholders, and avoids conflating union attitudes with employee opinions. In this way, the research transcends the recent advocates/critics stalemate in the literature.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo