Collaborative Indoor Positioning Systems: A Systematic Review

Research and development in Collaborative Indoor Positioning Systems (CIPSs) is growing steadily due to their potential to improve on the performance of their non-collaborative counterparts. In contrast to the outdoors scenario, where Global Navigation Satellite System is widely adopted, in (collaborative) indoor positioning systems a large variety of technologies, techniques, and methods is being used. Moreover, the diversity of evaluation procedures and scenarios hinders a direct comparison. This paper presents a systematic review that gives a general view of the current CIPSs. A total of 84 works, published between 2006 and 2020, have been identified. These articles were analyzed and classified according to the described system’s architecture, infrastructure, technologies, techniques, methods, and evaluation. The results indicate a growing interest in collaborative positioning, and the trend tend to be towards the use of distributed architectures and infrastructure-less systems. Moreover, the most used technologies to determine the collaborative positioning between users are wireless communication technologies (Wi-Fi, Ultra-WideBand, and Bluetooth). The predominant collaborative positioning techniques are Received Signal Strength Indication, Fingerprinting, and Time of Arrival/Flight, and the collaborative methods are particle filters, Belief Propagation, Extended Kalman Filter, and Least Squares. Simulations are used as the main evaluation procedure. On the basis of the analysis and results, several promising future research avenues and gaps in research were identified

Wireless communication, identification and sensing technologies enabling integrated logistics: a study in the harbor environment

In the last decade, integrated logistics has become an important challenge in the development of wireless communication, identification and sensing technology, due to the growing complexity of logistics processes and the increasing demand for adapting systems to new requirements. The advancement of wireless technology provides a wide range of options for the maritime container terminals. Electronic devices employed in container terminals reduce the manual effort, facilitating timely information flow and enhancing control and quality of service and decision made. In this paper, we examine the technology that can be used to support integration in harbor's logistics. In the literature, most systems have been developed to address specific needs of particular harbors, but a systematic study is missing. The purpose is to provide an overview to the reader about which technology of integrated logistics can be implemented and what remains to be addressed in the future

An indoor navigation architecture using variable data sources for blind and visually impaired persons

Contrary to outdoor positioning and navigation systems, there isn’t a counterpart global solution for indoor environments. Usually, the deployment of an indoor positioning system must be adapted case by case, according to the infrastructure and the objective of the localization. A particularly delicate case is related with persons who are blind or visually impaired. A robust and easy to use indoor navigation solution would be extremely useful, but this would also be particularly difficult to develop, given the special requirements of the system that would have to be more accurate and user friendly than a general solution. This paper presents a contribute to this subject, by proposing a hybrid indoor positioning system adaptable to the surrounding indoor structure, and dealing with different types of signals to increase accuracy. This would permit lower the deployment costs, since it could be done gradually, beginning with the likely existing Wi-Fi infrastructure to get a fairy accuracy up to a high accuracy using visual tags and NFC tags when necessary and possible.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Practical implementation of a hybrid indoor localization system

Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do ParanáIndoor localization systems occupy a significant role to track objects during their life cycle, e.g., related to retail, logistics and mobile robotics. These positioning systems use several techniques and technologies to estimate the position of each object, and face several requirements such as position accuracy, security, coverage range, energy consumption and cost. This master thesis describes a real-world scenario implementation, based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons, evaluating a Hybrid Indoor Positioning System (H-IPS) that combines two RSSI-based approaches: Multilateration (MLT) and Fingerprinting (FP). The objective is to track a target node, assuming that the object follows a linear motion model. It was employed Kalman Filter (KF) to decrease the positioning errors of the MLT and FP techniques. Furthermore a Track-to-Track Fusion (TTF) is performed on the two KF outputs in order to maximize the performance. The results show that the accuracy of H-IPS overcomes the standalone FP in 21%, while the original MLT is outperformed in 52%. Finally, the proposed solution demonstrated a probability of error < 2 m of 80%, while the same probability for the FP and MLT are 56% and 20%, respectively.Os sistemas de localização de ambientes internos desempenham um papel importante na localização de objectos durante o seu ciclo de vida, como por exemplo os relacionados com o varejo, a logística e a robótica móvel. Estes sistemas de localização utilizam várias técnicas e tecnologias para estimar a posição de cada objecto, e possuem alguns critérios tais como precisão, segurança, alcance, consumo de energia e custo. Esta dissertação de mestrado descreve uma implementação num cenário real, baseada em Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons, avaliando um Sistema Híbrido de Posicionamento para Ambientes Internos (H-IPS, do inglês Hybrid Indoor Positioning System) que combina duas abordagens baseadas no Indicador de Intensidade do Sinal Recebido (RSSI, do inglês Received Signal Strength Indicator): Multilateração (MLT) e Fingerprinting (FP). O objectivo é localizar um nó alvo, assumindo que o objecto segue um modelo de movimento linear. Foi utilizado Filtro de Kalman (FK) para diminuir os erros de posicionamento do MLT e FP, além de aplicar uma fusão de vetores de estado nas duas saídas FK, a fim de maximizar o desempenho. Os resultados mostram que a precisão do H-IPS supera o FP original em 21%, enquanto que o MLT original tem um desempenho superior a 52%. Finalmente, a solução proposta apresentou uma probabilidade de erro de < 2 m de 80%, enquanto a mesma probabilidade para FP e MLT foi de 56% e 20%, respectivamente

A Survey of Positioning Systems Using Visible LED Lights

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.As Global Positioning System (GPS) cannot provide satisfying performance in indoor environments, indoor positioning technology, which utilizes indoor wireless signals instead of GPS signals, has grown rapidly in recent years. Meanwhile, visible light communication (VLC) using light devices such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) has been deemed to be a promising candidate in the heterogeneous wireless networks that may collaborate with radio frequencies (RF) wireless networks. In particular, light-fidelity has a great potential for deployment in future indoor environments because of its high throughput and security advantages. This paper provides a comprehensive study of a novel positioning technology based on visible white LED lights, which has attracted much attention from both academia and industry. The essential characteristics and principles of this system are deeply discussed, and relevant positioning algorithms and designs are classified and elaborated. This paper undertakes a thorough investigation into current LED-based indoor positioning systems and compares their performance through many aspects, such as test environment, accuracy, and cost. It presents indoor hybrid positioning systems among VLC and other systems (e.g., inertial sensors and RF systems). We also review and classify outdoor VLC positioning applications for the first time. Finally, this paper surveys major advances as well as open issues, challenges, and future research directions in VLC positioning systems.Peer reviewe

Radio Frequency-Based Indoor Localization in Ad-Hoc Networks

The increasing importance of location‐aware computing and context‐dependent information has led to a growing interest in low‐cost indoor positioning with submeter accuracy. Localization algorithms can be classified into range‐based and range‐free techniques. Additionally, localization algorithms are heavily influenced by the technology and network architecture utilized. Availability, cost, reliability and accuracy of localization are the most important parameters when selecting a localization method. In this chapter, we introduce basic localization techniques, discuss how they are implemented with radio frequency devices and then characterize the localization techniques based on the network architecture, utilized technologies and application of localization. We then investigate and address localization in indoor environments where the absence of global positioning system (GPS) and the presence of unique radio propagation properties make this problem one of the most challenging topics of localization in wireless networks. In particular, we study and review the previous work for indoor localization based on radio frequency (RF) signaling (like Bluetooth‐based localization) to illustrate localization challenges and how some of them can be overcome