184 research outputs found
Enumeration of Bi-commutative AG-groupoids
A groupoid satisfying the left invertive law: is called
an AG-groupoid and is a generalization of commutative semigroups. We consider
the concept of bi-commutativity in AG-groupoids and thus introduce left
commutative AG-groupoids, right commutative AG-groupoids and bi-commutative
AG-groupoids.Comment: Though the old version had good results but had some serious mistakes
in Theorem 1 and some misprints. So it is revise
Some General Properties of LAD and RAD AG-groupoids
A groupoid that satisfies the left invertive law: is
called an AG-groupoid. We extend the concept of left abelian distributive
groupoid (LAD) and right abelian distributive groupoid (RAD) to introduce new
subclasses of AG-groupoid, left abelian distributive AG-groupoid and right
abelian distributive AG-groupoid. We give their enumeration up to order 6 and
find some basic relations of these new classes with other known subclasses of
AG-groupoids and other relevant algebraic structures. We establish a method to
test an arbitrary AG-groupoid for these classes.Comment: 10 page
Left Transitive AG-groupoids
An AG-groupoid is an algebraic structure that satisfies the left invertive
law: (ab)c =(cb)a. We prove that the class of left transitive AG-groupoids
(AG-groupoids satisfying the identity, ab.ac = bc) coincides with the class of
T2-AG-groupoids. We also develop a simple procedure to test whether an
arbitrary groupoid is left transitive AG-groupoid or not. Further we prove
that, (i). Every left transitive AG-groupoid is transitively commutative
AG-groupoid (ii) For left transitive AG-groupoid the properties of flexibility,
right alternativity, AG*, right nuclear square, middle nuclear square and
commutative semigroup are equivalent.Comment: This paper has been withdrawn by the author(s) due to crucial errors
in the table on page
AG-groups and other classes of right Bol quasigroups
By a result of Sharma, right Bol quasigroups are obtainable from right Bol
loops via an involutive automorphism. We prove that the class of AG-groups,
introduced by Kamran, is obtained via the same construction from abelian
groups. We further introduce a new class of Bol* quasigroups, which turns out
to correspond, as above, to the class of groups.
Sharma's correspondence allows an efficient implementation and we present
some enumeration results for the above three classes
Linear representation of Abel-Grassmann groups
We describe an linear representation for Abel-Grassmann groups. As a
consequence, we obtain or improve many previous results. In particular,
enumeration of Abel-Grassmann groups up to isomorphism is obtained for orders
<512
The Multiplication Group of an AG-group
We investigate the multiplication group of a special class of quasigroup
called AG-group. We prove some interesting results such as: the multiplication
group of an AG-group of order n is non-abelian group of order 2n and its left
section is an abelian group of order n. The inner mapping group of an AG-group
of any order is a cyclic group of order 2.Comment: 9 page
The zeta function of a finite category
We define the zeta function of a finite category. And we propose a conjecture
which states the relationship between the Euler characteristic of finite
categories and the zeta function of finite categories. This conjecture is
verified when categories are finite groupoids, finite acyclic categories,
categories with 2-objects and finite categories satisfying certain condition
Computing invariants via slicing groupoids: Gel'fand MacPherson, Gale and positive characteristic stable maps
We offer a groupoid-theoretic approach to computing invariants. We illustrate
this approach by describing the Gel'fand-MacPherson correspondence and the Gale
transform as well as giving Zariski-local descriptions of the moduli space of
ordered points in P^1. We give an explicit description of the moduli space
M_0(P^1,2) over Spec Z. In characteristic 2, there is a singularity at the
totally ramified cover which is isomorphic to the affine cone over the Veronese
embedding P^1 --> P^4
Amalgamation and Symmetry: From Local to Global Consistency in The Finite
Amalgamation patterns are specified by a finite collection of finite template
structures together with a collection of partial isomorphisms between pairs of
these. The template structures specify the local isomorphism types that occur
in the desired amalgams; the partial isomorphisms specify local amalgamation
requirements between pairs of templates. A realisation is a globally consistent
solution to the locally consistent specification of this amalgamation problem.
This is a single structure equipped with an atlas of distinguished
substructures associated with the template structures in such a manner that
their overlaps realise precisely the identifications induced by the local
amalgamation requirements. We present a generic construction of finite
realisations of amalgamation patterns. Our construction is based on natural
reduced products with suitable groupoids. The resulting realisations are
generic in the sense that they can be made to preserve all symmetries inherent
in the specification, and can be made to be universal w.r.t. to local
homomorphisms up to any specified size. As key applications of the main
construction we discuss finite hypergraph coverings of specified levels of
acyclicity and a new route to the lifting of local symmetries to global
automorphisms in finite structures in the style of Herwig-Lascar extension
properties for partial automorphisms.Comment: A mistake in the proposed construction from [arXiv:1211.5656], cited
in Theorem 3.21, was discovered by Julian Bitterlich. This version relies on
the new approach to this construction as presented in the new version of
[arXiv:1806.08664
The Ihara Zeta function for infinite graphs
We put forward the concept of measure graphs. These are (possibly
uncountable) graphs equipped with an action of a groupoid and a measure
invariant under this action. Examples include finite graphs, periodic graphs,
graphings and percolation graphs. Making use of Connes' non-commutative
integration theory we construct a Zeta function and present a determinant
formula for it. We further introduce a notion of weak convergence of measure
graphs and show that our construction is compatible with it. The approximation
of the Ihara Zeta function via the normalized version on finite graphs in the
sense of Benjamini-Schramm follows as a special case. Our framework not only
unifies corresponding earlier results occurring in the literature. It likewise
provides extensions to rich new classes of objects such as percolation graphs
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