Ontological Engineering: What are Ontologies and How Can We Build Them?

Ontologies are formal, explicit specifications of shared conceptualizations. There is much literature on what they are, how they can be engineered and where they can be used inside applications. All these literature can be grouped under the term “Ontological Engineering,” which is defined as the set of activities that concern the ontology development process, the ontology lifecycle, the principles, methods and methodologies for building ontologies, and the tool suites and languages that support them. In this chapter we provide an overview of Ontological Engineering, describing the current trends, issues and problem

User Interfaces to the Web of Data based on Natural Language Generation

We explore how Virtual Research Environments based on Semantic Web technologies support research interactions with RDF data in various stages of corpus-based analysis, analyze the Web of Data in terms of human readability, derive labels from variables in SPARQL queries, apply Natural Language Generation to improve user interfaces to the Web of Data by verbalizing SPARQL queries and RDF graphs, and present a method to automatically induce RDF graph verbalization templates via distant supervision

Barry Smith an sich

Festschrift in Honor of Barry Smith on the occasion of his 65th Birthday. Published as issue 4:4 of the journal Cosmos + Taxis: Studies in Emergent Order and Organization. Includes contributions by Wolfgang Grassl, Nicola Guarino, John T. Kearns, Rudolf Lüthe, Luc Schneider, Peter Simons, Wojciech Żełaniec, and Jan Woleński

Semantic Systems. The Power of AI and Knowledge Graphs

This open access book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Semantic Systems, SEMANTiCS 2019, held in Karlsruhe, Germany, in September 2019. The 20 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 88 submissions. They cover topics such as: web semantics and linked (open) data; machine learning and deep learning techniques; semantic information management and knowledge integration; terminology, thesaurus and ontology management; data mining and knowledge discovery; semantics in blockchain and distributed ledger technologies

Knowledge-Driven Harmonization of Sensor Observations: Exploiting Linked Open Data for IoT Data Streams

The rise of the Internet of Things leads to an unprecedented number of continuous sensor observations that are available as IoT data streams. Harmonization of such observations is a labor-intensive task due to heterogeneity in format, syntax, and semantics. We aim to reduce the effort for such harmonization tasks by employing a knowledge-driven approach. To this end, we pursue the idea of exploiting the large body of formalized public knowledge represented as statements in Linked Open Data

First IJCAI International Workshop on Graph Structures for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (GKR@IJCAI'09)

International audienceThe development of effective techniques for knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR) is a crucial aspect of successful intelligent systems. Different representation paradigms, as well as their use in dedicated reasoning systems, have been extensively studied in the past. Nevertheless, new challenges, problems, and issues have emerged in the context of knowledge representation in Artificial Intelligence (AI), involving the logical manipulation of increasingly large information sets (see for example Semantic Web, BioInformatics and so on). Improvements in storage capacity and performance of computing infrastructure have also affected the nature of KRR systems, shifting their focus towards representational power and execution performance. Therefore, KRR research is faced with a challenge of developing knowledge representation structures optimized for large scale reasoning. This new generation of KRR systems includes graph-based knowledge representation formalisms such as Bayesian Networks (BNs), Semantic Networks (SNs), Conceptual Graphs (CGs), Formal Concept Analysis (FCA), CPnets, GAI-nets, all of which have been successfully used in a number of applications. The goal of this workshop is to bring together the researchers involved in the development and application of graph-based knowledge representation formalisms and reasoning techniques