A Portalino to the Dark Sector

"Portal" models that connect the Standard Model to a Dark Sector allow for a wide variety of scenarios beyond the simplest WIMP models. Kinetic mixing of gauge fields in particular has allowed a broad range of new ideas. However, the models that evade CMB constraints are often non-generic, with new mass scales and operators to split states and suppress indirect detection signals. Models with a "portalino", a neutral fermion that marries a linear combination of a standard model neutrino and dark sector fermion and carries a conserved quantum number, can be simpler. This is especially interesting for interacting dark sectors; then the unmarried linear combination which we identify as the standard model neutrino inherits these interactions too, and provides a new, effective interaction between the dark sector and the standard model. These interactions can be simple $Z'$ type interactions or lepton-flavor changing. Dark matter freezes out into neutrinos, thereby evading CMB constraints, and conventional direct detection signals are largely absent. The model offers different signals, however. The "portalino" mechanism itself predicts small corrections to the standard model neutrino couplings as well as the possibility of discovering the portalino particle in collider experiments. Possible cosmological and astroparticle signatures include monochromatic neutrino signals from annihilation, spectral features in high energy CR neutrinos as well as conventional signals of additional light species and dark matter interactions.Comment: v2 - minor changes, references adde

China and South Asian Relations in a New Perspective

The interactions between China and South Asia could date back to 3rd century BC, but before the mid of 20th century, the lasting 2000 years interactions and communications were confined to cultural and religion, rarely commence, their political connection only started after the British Subcontinent and China recovered independence in late of 1940sthe earlier history of relation between Subcontinent and Qing Dynasty and following Republic of China should be excluded, because it was mainly the part of history of relation between Great Britain and China, at least in Chinas perspective it is that. What is the difference of China and South Asian relations in the different times? In order to promote this relationship, what are the main difficulties no matter had ever existed for long time or just appeared even not clearly emerged that China should overcome? How the relationship between China and India, the most important regional member and another Rising-up power in Asia will evolve? What they wish to get from the other and what they could give? What is Chinas policy to this region, including its intension and the capability and tactics to reach this intension? And what is the prospect of the relations between China and this region? This paper by taking up the above questions aims to examine and highlight China and South Asian relations in the new Century.China, South Asian, Conflicts, international relation

Gauss Law, Minimal Coupling and Fermionic PEPS for Lattice Gauge Theories

In these lecture notes, we review some recent works on Hamiltonian lattice gauge theories, that involve, in particular, tensor network methods. The results reviewed here are tailored together in a slightly different way from the one used in the contexts where they were first introduced, by looking at the Gauss law from two different points of view: for the gauge field it is a differential equation, while from the matter point of view, on the other hand, it is a simple, explicit algebraic equation. We will review and discuss what these two points of view allow and do not allow us to do, in terms of unitarily gauging a pure-matter theory and eliminating the matter from a gauge theory, and relate that to the construction of PEPS (Projected Entangled Pair States) for lattice gauge theories.Comment: Fourth version: minor revision of notes (third version) for SciPost. Notes originally prepared for two lectures given in the Focus week "Tensor Networks and Entanglement" of the workshop "Entanglement in Quantum System", at the Galileo Galilei Institute for Theoretical Physics (GGI), Florence, Italy in June 201

Feminist Reflections on the 'End' of the War on Terror

This article examines the range of arguments articulated to justify the use of force under the ‘War on Terror’. The three key justifications for unilateral force directed against terrorist actors, pre-emptive force, implied authorisation and the use of force to prevent terrorist actors operating from failed states, are demonstrated as analogous to domestic provocation excuses. As such, the article argues the ‘end’ of the ‘War on Terror’ has been in name only as the Obama Administration in the United States continues to develop practice in line with that of its predecessor. The analogy with domestic provocation excuses demonstrates weaknesses of contemporary US practice and of the pre-emptive force justification. Using a feminist understanding of the limitations of provocation defences and of the relationship between social, cultural, political and legal norms, the legacy of the ‘War on Terror’ is demonstrated as an assertion of a limited model of security that ignores the role militaries play in women’s insecurity and which limits women’s participation through the use of sexual stereotypes. The article concludes with a discussion of the range of feminist strategies that might be invoked to challenge the legacy of the ‘War on Terror’

The application of remote sensing to resource management and environmental quality programs in Kansas

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Verification of Post-glacial Speleogenesis and the Origins of Epigene Maze Caves in New York

Dissolutional features called karst exist on the surface, and in the subsurface as caves. In glaciated regions caves were thought to be post-glacial in origin. Work in the 1970s demonstrated that pre-glacial caves existed, but did not answer if a cave could form post-glacially. A model proposed by Mylroie and Carew (1987) states that a post-glacial cave would be controlled entirely by glacial features and the deranged drainage of glaciated terrains. Caves known as maze caves form at maximum rates, and could form to navigable size in the time since deglaciation. Maze caves form in the shallow subsurface, allowing them to be removed in subsequent glaciations. GIS water flow analysis, and calculation of formation times using cross-section data demonstrates that maze caves in the glaciated region of New York are post-glacial in origin fitting in the deranged drainage and forming in the time since deglaciation

The Impact of Social Constructivist Mathematics Learning Experiences on Latino, Middle School Students’ Proportional Reasoning

Due to its centrality in the curriculum, research on proportional reasoning (PR) has seen a resurgence of interest. Recent research examined students’ patterns, strategies, and achievement when solving PR problems. Other studies explored PR learning trajectories. Additional studies focused on instructional interventions such as the effect of number structure, continuous, discrete, and intensive quantities to promote the development of proportional reasoning skills (PRS). The subjects of these studies have been United States white middle school students, Icelandic grade 5 girls, Spanish secondary school students, Turkish middle school students, as well as Scottish and Korean upper primary grades’ students. Few studies examined the factors that explain how instructional experiences influence Latino, middle school students’ PRS proficiency. This study aims to contribute to the literature by examining the impact of instruction that involves manipulatives, representations, and discourse to foster the strategic competence of Latino middle school students on proportional reasoning tasks (PRT). Subjects were 80 sixth-grade Latino students with low socioeconomic background. A quasi-experimental, comparison group design was used involving two mathematics classrooms as the treatment and two classrooms as the comparison group. Each group was administered a pretest of mathematics ability and PR posttest. The teacher was a Mexican-heritage public school educator. Students varied in their mathematics ability and engaged in distinct curricula and pedagogical approaches to promote their PR development. Two treatment classrooms experienced tasks involving concrete manipulatives, multiple representations, and negotiation of meaning and two comparison classrooms received teacher-centered textbook instruction that consisted on a teacher explaining definitions and examples from the notes from the textbook, followed by individual problem-solving of worksheets from the textbook. Analysis of Covariance and Pearson Chi-Square tests reported statistically significant differences in performance and use of representational reasoning when solving proportional reasoning tasks. A significant impact was also observed on the performance in PR tasks involving one-step partitioning and non-integer relationships. Social constructivist experiences resulted in a meaningful understanding of PRS empowering Latino middle school students with stronger connections between the central ideas of PR. Participants receiving social constructivist instruction used significantly greater representational reasoning that resulted in statistically significantly higher PR strategic competence