9,471 research outputs found
Comparison of System Call Representations for Intrusion Detection
Over the years, artificial neural networks have been applied successfully in
many areas including IT security. Yet, neural networks can only process
continuous input data. This is particularly challenging for security-related
non-continuous data like system calls. This work focuses on four different
options to preprocess sequences of system calls so that they can be processed
by neural networks. These input options are based on one-hot encoding and
learning word2vec or GloVe representations of system calls. As an additional
option, we analyze if the mapping of system calls to their respective kernel
modules is an adequate generalization step for (a) replacing system calls or
(b) enhancing system call data with additional information regarding their
context. However, when performing such preprocessing steps it is important to
ensure that no relevant information is lost during the process. The overall
objective of system call based intrusion detection is to categorize sequences
of system calls as benign or malicious behavior. Therefore, this scenario is
used to evaluate the different input options as a classification task. The
results show, that each of the four different methods is a valid option when
preprocessing input data, but the use of kernel modules only is not recommended
because too much information is being lost during the mapping process.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, submitted to CISIS 201
ATLANTIDES: An Architecture for Alert Verification in Network Intrusion Detection Systems
We present an architecture designed for alert verification (i.e., to reduce false positives) in network intrusion-detection systems. Our technique is based on a systematic (and automatic) anomaly-based analysis of the system output, which provides useful context information regarding the network services. The false positives raised by the NIDS analyzing the incoming traffic (which can be either signature- or anomaly-based) are reduced by correlating them with the output anomalies. We designed our architecture for TCP-based network services which have a client/server architecture (such as HTTP). Benchmarks show a substantial reduction of false positives between 50% and 100%
Sonification of Network Traffic Flow for Monitoring and Situational Awareness
Maintaining situational awareness of what is happening within a network is
challenging, not least because the behaviour happens within computers and
communications networks, but also because data traffic speeds and volumes are
beyond human ability to process. Visualisation is widely used to present
information about the dynamics of network traffic dynamics. Although it
provides operators with an overall view and specific information about
particular traffic or attacks on the network, it often fails to represent the
events in an understandable way. Visualisations require visual attention and so
are not well suited to continuous monitoring scenarios in which network
administrators must carry out other tasks. Situational awareness is critical
and essential for decision-making in the domain of computer network monitoring
where it is vital to be able to identify and recognize network environment
behaviours.Here we present SoNSTAR (Sonification of Networks for SiTuational
AwaReness), a real-time sonification system to be used in the monitoring of
computer networks to support the situational awareness of network
administrators. SoNSTAR provides an auditory representation of all the TCP/IP
protocol traffic within a network based on the different traffic flows between
between network hosts. SoNSTAR raises situational awareness levels for computer
network defence by allowing operators to achieve better understanding and
performance while imposing less workload compared to visual techniques. SoNSTAR
identifies the features of network traffic flows by inspecting the status flags
of TCP/IP packet headers and mapping traffic events to recorded sounds to
generate a soundscape representing the real-time status of the network traffic
environment. Listening to the soundscape allows the administrator to recognise
anomalous behaviour quickly and without having to continuously watch a computer
screen.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures plus supplemental material in Github repositor
BlackWatch:increasing attack awareness within web applications
Web applications are relied upon by many for the services they provide. It is essential that applications implement appropriate security measures to prevent security incidents. Currently, web applications focus resources towards the preventative side of security. Whilst prevention is an essential part of the security process, developers must also implement a level of attack awareness into their web applications. Being able to detect when an attack is occurring provides applications with the ability to execute responses against malicious users in an attempt to slow down or deter their attacks. This research seeks to improve web application security by identifying malicious behaviour from within the context of web applications using our tool BlackWatch. The tool is a Python-based application which analyses suspicious events occurring within client web applications, with the objective of identifying malicious patterns of behaviour. This approach avoids issues typically encountered with traditional web application firewalls. Based on the results from a preliminary study, BlackWatch was effective at detecting attacks from both authenticated, and unauthenticated users. Furthermore, user tests with developers indicated BlackWatch was user friendly, and was easy to integrate into existing applications. Future work seeks to develop the BlackWatch solution further for public release
Leveraging Machine Learning for Network Intrusion Detection in Social Internet Of Things (SIoT) Systems
This research investigates the application of machine learning models for network intrusion detection in the context of Social Internet of Things (SIoT) systems. We evaluate Convolutional Neural Network with Generative Adversarial Network (CNN+GAN), Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), and Logistic Regression models using the CIC IoT Dataset 2023. CNN+GAN emerges as a promising approach, exhibiting superior performance in accurately identifying diverse intrusion types. Our study emphasizes the significance of advanced machine learning techniques in enhancing SIoT security by effectively detecting anomalous behaviours within socially interconnected environments. The findings provide practical insights for selecting suitable intrusion detection methods and highlight the need for ongoing research to address evolving intrusion scenarios and vulnerabilities in SIoT ecosystems
zeek-osquery: Host-Network Correlation for Advanced Monitoring and Intrusion Detection
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) can analyze network traffic for signs of
attacks and intrusions. However, encrypted communication limits their
visibility and sophisticated attackers additionally try to evade their
detection. To overcome these limitations, we extend the scope of Network IDSs
(NIDSs) with additional data from the hosts. For that, we propose the
integrated open-source zeek-osquery platform that combines the Zeek IDS with
the osquery host monitor. Our platform can collect, process, and correlate host
and network data at large scale, e.g., to attribute network flows to processes
and users. The platform can be flexibly extended with own detection scripts
using already correlated, but also additional and dynamically retrieved host
data. A distributed deployment enables it to scale with an arbitrary number of
osquery hosts. Our evaluation results indicate that a single Zeek instance can
manage more than 870 osquery hosts and can attribute more than 96% of TCP
connections to host-side applications and users in real-time.Comment: Accepted for publication at ICT Systems Security and Privacy
Protection (IFIP) SEC 202
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