16,176 research outputs found
A Comprehensive Review and Analysis of Nanosensors for Structural Health Monitoring in Bridge Maintenance: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Perspectives
This paper presents a thorough review and detailed analysis of nanosensors for structural health monitoring (SHM) in the context of bridge maintenance. With rapid advancements in nanotechnology, nanosensors have emerged as promising tools for detecting and assessing the structural integrity of bridges. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various types of nanosensors utilized in bridge maintenance, their operating principles, fabrication techniques, and integration strategies. Furthermore, this paper explores the challenges associated with nanosensor deployment, such as signal processing, power supply, and data interpretation. Finally, the review concludes with an outlook on future developments in the field of nanosensors for SHM in bridge maintenance.publishedVersio
The future of Cybersecurity in Italy: Strategic focus area
This volume has been created as a continuation of the previous one, with the aim of outlining a set of focus areas and actions that the Italian Nation research community considers essential. The book touches many aspects of cyber security, ranging from the definition of the infrastructure and controls needed to organize cyberdefence to the actions and technologies to be developed to be better protected, from the identification of the main technologies to be defended to the proposal of a set of horizontal actions for training, awareness raising, and risk management
An Energy Aware and Secure MAC Protocol for Tackling Denial of Sleep Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless sensor networks which form part of the core for the Internet of Things consist of resource constrained sensors that are usually powered by batteries. Therefore, careful
energy awareness is essential when working with these devices.
Indeed,the introduction of security techniques such as authentication and encryption, to ensure confidentiality and integrity of data, can place higher energy load on the sensors. However, the absence of security protection c ould give room for energy drain attacks such as denial of sleep attacks which have a higher negative impact on the life span ( of the sensors than the presence of security features.
This thesis, therefore, focuses on tackling denial of sleep attacks from two perspectives A security perspective and an energy efficiency perspective. The security perspective involves evaluating and ranking a number of security based techniques to curbing denial of sleep attacks. The energy efficiency perspective, on the other hand, involves exploring duty cycling and simulating three Media Access Control ( protocols Sensor MAC, Timeout MAC andTunableMAC under different network sizes and measuring different parameters such as the Received Signal Strength RSSI) and Link Quality Indicator ( Transmit power, throughput and energy efficiency Duty cycling happens to be one of the major techniques for conserving energy in wireless sensor networks and this research aims to answer questions with regards to the effect of duty cycles on the energy efficiency as well as the throughput of three duty cycle protocols Sensor MAC ( Timeout MAC ( and TunableMAC in addition to creating a novel MAC protocol that is also more resilient to denial of sleep a ttacks than existing protocols.
The main contributions to knowledge from this thesis are the developed framework used for evaluation of existing denial of sleep attack solutions and the algorithms which fuel the other contribution to knowledge a newly developed protocol tested on the Castalia Simulator on the OMNET++ platform. The new protocol has been compared with existing protocols and
has been found to have significant improvement in energy efficiency and also better resilience to denial of sleep at tacks Part of this research has been published Two conference
publications in IEEE Explore and one workshop paper
Nanomagnetic Resonance Imaging (Nano-MRI) Gives Personalized Medicine a New Perspective
This chapter provides a brief overview of molecular imaging techniques and its present and future potential in personalized medicine, with special a focus on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach. It discusses the current techniques that allow for the in vivo visualization of molecular processes at the nanoscale resolution (nano-MRI). Nano-MRI is progressing rapidly thanks to the work of a very small but extremely brilliant community of experts. This paper is not intended to be a comprehensive review of nano-MRI written for these experts, but rather a concise description of the present achievements for a much broader audience of medical professionals. The goal is to bridge the gap between the nano- MRI community and those in the medical field that will ultimately benefit from the further development of nano-MRI targeting specific medical goals. The aim of this review is to highlight the potential of nano-MRI in the improvement of MRI sensitivity and consequently on the impact of this widely used technique for diagnosis and personalized treatment. Sensitivity improvements are based on the use of magnetic nanoprobes in conventional MRI as well as novel nanoscale imaging based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds
Demystifying Quantum Blockchain for Healthcare
The application of blockchain technology can be beneficial in the field of
healthcare as well as in the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic. In this work,
the importance of blockchain is analyzed and it is observed that blockchain
technology and the processes associated with it will be utilised in the
healthcare systems of the future for data acquisition from sensors, automatic
patient monitoring, and secure data storage. This technology substantially
simplifies the process of carrying out operations because it can store a
substantial quantity of data in a dispersed and secure manner, as well as
enable access whenever and wherever it is required to do so. With the
assistance of quantum blockchain, the benefits of quantum computing, such as
the capability to acquire thermal imaging based on quantum computing and the
speed with which patients may be located and monitored, can all be exploited to
their full potential. Quantum blockchain is another tool that can be utilised
to maintain the confidentiality, authenticity, and accessibility of data
records. The processing of medical records could potentially benefit from
greater speed and privacy if it combines quantum computing and blockchain
technology. The authors of this paper investigate the possible benefits and
applications of blockchain and quantum technologies in the field of medicine,
pharmacy and healthcare systems. In this context, this work explored and
compared quantum technologies and blockchain-based technologies in conjunction
with other cutting-edge information and communications technologies such as
ratification intelligence, machine learning, drones, and so on
Real-time DNA microarray analysis
We present a quantification method for affinity-based
DNA microarrays which is based on the
real-time measurements of hybridization kinetics.
This method, i.e. real-time DNA microarrays,
enhances the detection dynamic range of conventional
systems by being impervious to probe
saturation in the capturing spots, washing
artifacts, microarray spot-to-spot variations, and
other signal amplitude-affecting non-idealities. We
demonstrate in both theory and practice that the
time-constant of target capturing in microarrays,
similar to all affinity-based biosensors, is inversely
proportional to the concentration of the target
analyte, which we subsequently use as the fundamental
parameter to estimate the concentration
of the analytes. Furthermore, to empirically
validate the capabilities of this method in practical
applications, we present a FRET-based assay which
enables the real-time detection in gene expression
DNA microarrays
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