Enhancing Block-Wise Transfer with Network Coding in CoAP

CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) with block-wise transfer (BWT) option is a known protocol choice for large data transfer in general lossy IoT network environments. Lossy transmission environments on the other hand lead to CoAP resending multiple blocks, which creates overheads. To tackle this problem, we design a BWT with network coding (NC), with the goal to reducing the number of unnecessary retransmissions. The results show the reduction in the number of block retransmissions for different values of blocksize, implying the reduced transfer time. For the maximum blocksize of 1024 bytes and total probability loss of 0.5, CoAP with NC can resend up to 5 times less blocks.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Euro-Par 201

An Experimental Study of Network Coded REST HTTP in Dynamic IoT Systems

REST HTTP is the communication protocol of choice for software developers today. In IoT systems with unreliable connectivity, however, a stateless protocol like REST HTTP needs to send a request message multiple times, and it only stops the retransmissions when an acknowledgement arrives at the sender. In our previous work, we studied the usage of random linear network coding (RLNC) for REST HTTP protocol to reducing the amount of unnecessarily retransmissions. In this paper, we experimentally validate the study and analyze REST HTTP with and without RLNC in a simple testbed in dynamic IoT systems. The measurements show notable improvements in bandwidth utilization in terms of reducing the retransmissions and delay when using network-coded REST HTTP.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted at IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Dublin, Ireland, 202

Network Coding-Based Next-Generation IoT for Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 has become the main source of applications of the Internet of Things (IoT), which is generating new business opportunities. The use of cloud computing and artificial intelligence is also showing remarkable improvements in industrial operation, saving millions of dollars to manufacturers. The need for time-critical decision-making is evidencing a trade-off between latency and computation, urging Industrial IoT (IIoT) deployments to integrate fog nodes to perform early analytics. In this chapter, we review next-generation IIoT architectures, which aim to meet the requirements of industrial applications, such as low-latency and highly reliable communications. These architectures can be divided into IoT node, fog, and multicloud layers. We describe these three layers and compare their characteristics, providing also different use-cases of IIoT architectures. We introduce network coding (NC) as a solution to meet some of the requirements of next-generation communications. We review a variety of its approaches as well as different scenarios that improve their performance and reliability thanks to this technique. Then, we describe the communication process across the different levels of the architecture based on NC-based state-of-the-art works. Finally, we summarize the benefits and open challenges of combining IIoT architectures together with NC techniques

Network Coding on Heterogeneous Multi-Core Processors for Wireless Sensor Networks

While network coding is well known for its efficiency and usefulness in wireless sensor networks, the excessive costs associated with decoding computation and complexity still hinder its adoption into practical use. On the other hand, high-performance microprocessors with heterogeneous multi-cores would be used as processing nodes of the wireless sensor networks in the near future. To this end, this paper introduces an efficient network coding algorithm developed for the heterogenous multi-core processors. The proposed idea is fully tested on one of the currently available heterogeneous multi-core processors referred to as the Cell Broadband Engine