Efficiency enhancement using optimized static scheduling technique in TSCH networks

In recent times, the reliable and real-time data transmission becomes a mandatory requirement for various industries and organizations due to the large utilization of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, the IoT devices need high reliability, precise data exchange and low power utilization which cannot be achieved by the conventional Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols due to link failures and high interferences in the network. Therefore, the Time-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) networks can be used for link scheduling under the IEEE 802.15.4e standard. In this paper, we propose an Optimized Static Scheduling Technique (OSST) for the link scheduling in IEEE 802.15.4e based TSCH networks. In OSST the link schedule is optimized by considering the packet latency information during transmission by checking the status of the transmitted packets as well as keeping track of the lost data packets from source to destination nodes. We evaluate the proposed OSST model using 6TiSCH Simulator and compare the different performance metrics with Simple distributed TSCH Scheduling

IEEE 802.15.4e: a Survey

Several studies have highlighted that the IEEE 802.15.4 standard presents a number of limitations such as low reliability, unbounded packet delays and no protection against interference/fading, that prevent its adoption in applications with stringent requirements in terms of reliability and latency. Recently, the IEEE has released the 802.15.4e amendment that introduces a number of enhancements/modifications to the MAC layer of the original standard in order to overcome such limitations. In this paper we provide a clear and structured overview of all the new 802.15.4e mechanisms. After a general introduction to the 802.15.4e standard, we describe the details of the main 802.15.4e MAC behavior modes, namely Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH), Deterministic and Synchronous Multi-channel Extension (DSME), and Low Latency Deterministic Network (LLDN). For each of them, we provide a detailed description and highlight the main features and possible application domains. Also, we survey the current literature and summarize open research issues

DeSSR: a Decentralized, Broadcast-Based Scalable Scheduling Reservation Protocol for 6TiSCH Networks

The emergence of IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) for low-power wireless communication is considered a breakthrough allowing a densely populated multi-hop network of Internet of Things (IoT) devices to be used for data gathering over a range of 1-2 kilometer (km). However, the communication between the devices has suffered from external interferences and multi-path fading challenge. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) jointly proposed The IPv6 over IEEE 802.15.4 TSCH mode (6TiSCH) to deal with existing challenges and improve network performance to meet key requirements of industrial applications. The 6Top layer integrates TSCH (Time Slotted Channel Hopping)-MAC over IEEE 802.15.4 with the rest of the IPv6 stack where the schedule allocation is performed by scheduling function (SF). However, network scalability remains an open challenge. Specifically, the 6TiSCH Working Group (WG) do not define rules towards optimal schedule allocation over Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) mode of IEEE 802.15.4. In this paper, we propose Decentralized, and Broadcast-based Scalable Scheduling Reservation Protocol for 6TiSCH Networks (DeSSR). The experimental performance analysis demonstrates strong performance under steady and bursty traffic when compared with current SFs. This makes DeSSR a strong proposal contributing towards improving scalability in large-scale 6TiSCH networks.Output Status: Forthcoming/Available Onlin

Wireless Sensor Technology Selection for I4.0 Manufacturing Systems

The term smart manufacturing has surfaced as an industrial revolution in Germany known as Industry 4.0 (I4.0); this revolution aims to help the manufacturers adapt to turbulent market trends. Its main scope is implementing machine communication, both vertically and horizontally across the manufacturing hierarchy through Internet of things (IoT), technologies and servitization concepts. The main objective of this research is to help manufacturers manage the high levels of variety and the extreme turbulence of market trends through developing a selection tool that utilizes Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) techniques to recommend a suitable industrial wireless sensor network (IWSN) technology that fits their manufacturing requirements.In this thesis, IWSN technologies and their properties were identified, analyzed and compared to identify their potential suitability for different industrial manufacturing system application areas. The study included the identification and analysis of different industrial system types, their application areas, scenarios and respective communication requirements. The developed tool’s sensitivity is also tested to recommend different IWSN technology options with changing influential factors. Also, a prioritizing protocol is introduced in the case where more than one IWSN technology options are recommended by the AHP tool.A real industrial case study with the collaboration of SPM Automation Inc. is presented, where the industrial systems’ class, communication traffic types, and communication requirements were analyzed to recommend a suitable IWSN technology that fits their requirements and assists their shift towards I4.0 through utilizing AHP techniques. The results of this research will serve as a step forward, in the transformation process of manufacturing towards a more digitalized and better connected cyber-physical systems; thus, enhancing manufacturing attributes such as flexibility, reconfigurability, scalability and easing the shift towards implementing I4.0

Internet of Things and Sensors Networks in 5G Wireless Communications

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Internet of Things and Sensors Networks in 5G Wireless Communications that was published in Sensors

Internet of Things and Sensors Networks in 5G Wireless Communications

The Internet of Things (IoT) has attracted much attention from society, industry and academia as a promising technology that can enhance day to day activities, and the creation of new business models, products and services, and serve as a broad source of research topics and ideas. A future digital society is envisioned, composed of numerous wireless connected sensors and devices. Driven by huge demand, the massive IoT (mIoT) or massive machine type communication (mMTC) has been identified as one of the three main communication scenarios for 5G. In addition to connectivity, computing and storage and data management are also long-standing issues for low-cost devices and sensors. The book is a collection of outstanding technical research and industrial papers covering new research results, with a wide range of features within the 5G-and-beyond framework. It provides a range of discussions of the major research challenges and achievements within this topic

Internet of Things and Sensors Networks in 5G Wireless Communications

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Internet of Things and Sensors Networks in 5G Wireless Communications that was published in Sensors

Highly reliable, low-latency communication in low-power wireless networks

Low-power wireless networks consist of spatially distributed, resource-constrained devices – also referred to as nodes – that are typically equipped with integrated or external sensors and actuators. Nodes communicate with each other using wireless transceivers, and thus, relay data – e. g., collected sensor values or commands for actuators – cooperatively through the network. This way, low-power wireless networks can support a plethora of different applications, including, e. g., monitoring the air quality in urban areas or controlling the heating, ventilation and cooling of large buildings. The use of wireless communication in such monitoring and actuating applications allows for a higher flexibility and ease of deployment – and thus, overall lower costs – compared to wired solutions. However, wireless communication is notoriously error-prone. Message losses happen often and unpredictably, making it challenging to support applications requiring both high reliability and low latency. Highly reliable, low-latency communication – along with high energy-efficiency – are, however, key requirements to support several important application scenarios and most notably the open-/closed-loop control functions found in e. g., industry and factory automation applications. Communication protocols that rely on synchronous transmissions have been shown to be able to overcome this limitation. These protocols depart from traditional single-link transmissions and do not attempt to avoid concurrent transmissions from different nodes to prevent collisions. On the contrary, they make nodes send the same message at the same time over several paths. Phenomena like constructive interference and capture then ensure that messages are received correctly with high probability. While many approaches relying on synchronous transmissions have been presented in the literature, two important aspects received only little consideration: (i) reliable operation in harsh environments and (ii) support for event-based data traffic. This thesis addresses these two open challenges and proposes novel communication protocols to overcome them