Privacy by evidence: a software development methodology to provide privacy assurance.

Em um mundo cada vez mais conectado, uma diversidade de softwares e sensores coletam dados dos ambientes e seus habitantes. Devido à riqueza das informações coletadas, privacidade se torna um requisito importante. Aplicações estão sendo desenvolvidas, e, apesar de existirem princípios e regras para lidar com a privacidade dos indivíduos, faltam metodologias para guiar a integração das diretrizes de privacidade em um processo de desenvolvimento. Metodologias existentes como o Privacidade desde a Concepção (do inglês Privacy by Design – PbD) ainda são vagas e deixam muitos questionamentos em aberto sobre como aplicá-las na prática. Neste trabalho, nós propomos o conceito de Privacidade por Evidência (do inglês Privacy by Evidence – PbE), uma metodologia de desenvolvimento de software para prover privacidade. Dada a dificuldade em prover privacidade total, propomos que as documentações das mitigações sejam em formas de evidências de privacidade, objetivando aumentar a confiança no projeto. Para validar a eficácia, PbE tem sido utilizada durante o desenvolvimento de quatro aplicações que servem como estudos de caso. O primeiro estudo de caso considerado é uma aplicação de medição inteligente de energia; o segundo considera uma aplicação de contagem e monitoramento de pessoas; o terceiro considera um sistema de monitoramento de eficiência energética; e o quarto considera um sistema de autenticação de dois fatores. Para estas aplicações, os times proveram sete,cinco,cinco e quatro evidências de privacidade, respectivamente, e concluimos que a PbE pode ser efetiva em ajudar a entender e a tratar as necessidades de proteção à privacidade quando se está desenvolvendo software.In anincreasinglyconnectedworld,adiversityofsoftwareandsensorscollectdatafromthe environmentanditsinhabitants.Becauseoftherichnessoftheinformationcollected,privacy becomes animportantrequirement.Applicationsarebeingdeveloped,and,althoughthere are principlesandrulesregardingtheprivacyofindividuals,thereisstillalackofmethod- ologies toguidetheintegrationofprivacyguidelinesintothedevelopmentprocess.Existing methodologies likethe Privacy byDesign (PbD) arestillvagueandleavemanyopenques- tions onhowtoapplytheminpractice.Inthisworkweproposetheconceptof Privacy by Evidence (PbE), asoftwaredevelopmentmethodologytoprovideprivacyassurance.Given the difficultyinprovidingtotalprivacyinmanyapplications,weproposetodocumentthe mitigationsinformofevidencesofprivacy,aimingtoincreasetheconfidenceoftheproject. Tovalidateitseffectiveness, PbE has beenusedduringthedevelopmentoffourapplications that serveascasestudies.Thefirstconsideredcasestudyisasmartmeteringapplication; the secondconsidersapeoplecountingandmonitoringapplication;thethirdconsidersan energyefficiencymonitoringsystem;andthefourthconsidersatwofactorauthentication system. Fortheseapplications,theteamswereabletoprovideseven,five,five,andfour evidencesofprivacy,respectively,andweconcludethat PbE can beeffectiveinhelpingto understand andtoaddresstheprivacyprotectionneedswhendevelopingsoftware.Cape

Municipalities Could Provide Valuable Second-Life Uses of Electric Vehicle Li-Ion Batteries While Legislators and Manufacturers Refine Safe Recycling and Disposal Practices

As consumers are embracing emerging electric vehicles (EVs) as an important step to take in combating climate change, the reality is that the EV solution has some serious short-term issues to address, especially when evaluating the lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) that power most EVs. This comment first discusses the potential problems associated with the lack of recycling and disposal technology as well as regulations that are available for EV LIBs. Even though consumers and regulators alike are supportive that fossil fuel-burning internal combustion engines need to be replaced with cleaner transportation options such as EVs, policies, and proclamations are still subject to the intricacies and timelines of evolving technology. That means that until EV technology becomes routine, recycling practices and associated legislation are subject to too much fluctuation to create concrete standards. So, what does society do with the EV LIBs between now and that future time? One answer this comment provides is that sustainability-committed municipalities could promote valuable second-life reuse options for EV LIBs. Furthermore, this comment suggests Orlando, Florida, is an excellent example of a pioneer city to exhibit how to incorporate spent EV LIBs within their self-governing powers and in conjunction with the technological partnerships they have cultivated with industry and academia. By linking the city’s commitments to sustainability, renewable energy, and innovation, Orlando has an opportunity to show other cities in Florida and across the U.S. how local self- governed municipalities can solve newly evolving issues associated with these advancing technologies in the void of federal and state legislation, regulations and mandates

TechNews digests: Jan - Mar 2010

TechNews is a technology, news and analysis service aimed at anyone in the education sector keen to stay informed about technology developments, trends and issues. TechNews focuses on emerging technologies and other technology news. TechNews service : digests september 2004 till May 2010 Analysis pieces and News combined publish every 2 to 3 month