258 research outputs found

    Performance assessment for mountain bike based on WSN and Cloud Technologies

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    The mountain bike is one of the most used equipment’s in outdoor sports activities. The thesis describes the design and all development and implementation of Performance Assessment for Mountain Bike based on Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and Cloud Technologies. The work presents a distributed sensing system for cycling assessment-providing data for objective evaluation of the athlete performance during training. Thus a wireless sensor network attached to the sport equipment provides to the athlete and the coach with performance values during practice. The sensors placed in biker equipment’s behave as nodes of a WSN. This is possible with the developing of IoT-based systems in sports, the tracking and monitoring of athletes in their activities has an important role on his formation as bikers and helps to increase performance, through the analyze of each session. The implemented system performs acquisition, processing and transmission, of data using a ZigBee wireless networks that provide also machine-to-machine communication and data storage in a server located in the cloud. As in many cycling applications use the phone as a module to get the values, this work will be a little different making use of phone/tablet to consult information. The information stored on the cloud server is accessed through a mobile application that analyses and correlates all metrics calculated using the training data obtained during practice. Additional information regarding the health status may be also considered. Therefore, the system permits that athletes perform an unlimited number of trainings that can be accessed at any time through the mobile application by the bikers and coach. Based on capability of the system to save a history of the evolution of each athlete during training the system permits to perform appropriate comparisons between different training sessions and different athlete’s performances.A bicicleta de montanha é um dos equipamentos para desportos no exterior mais usada. A tese descreve todo o desenho, desenvolvimento e implementação de Performance Assessment for Mountain Bike based on WSN and Cloud Technologies. Este apresenta um sistema de deteção distribuída para o aumento do desempenho, melhorar a metodologia da prática do ciclismo e para formação de atletas. Para tal foi desenvolvida e anexada uma rede de sensores que está embutida no equipamento do ciclista, através desta rede de sensores sem fios são obtidos os valores respetivos à interação do utilizador e a sua bicicleta, sendo estes apresentados ao treinador e ao próprio ciclista. Os sensores colocados comportam-se como nós de uma rede de sensores sem fios. Isso é possível com o desenvolvimento de sistemas baseados na Internet das coisas no desporto, a observação da movimentação e monitoramento de atletas nas suas atividades tem um papel importante na sua formação como ciclistas e ajuda a aumentar o desempenho. O sistema é baseado numa rede ZigBee sem fios, que permite a comunicação máquina-para-máquina e o armazenamento de dados num servidor localizado na nuvem. Toda a informação na nuvem pode ser acedida através de uma aplicação mobile que analisa e correlaciona todos os valores calculados usando os dados recolhidos durante o treino efetuado por cada ciclista. Como em muitas aplicações de ciclismo estas usam o telefone como um módulo para obter os valores, neste trabalho o caso é diferente fazendo o uso do telefone/tablet para apenas consultar as informações. Alguma informação sobre o ciclista é fornecida para poder efetuar alguns cálculos, relativos à saúde do ciclista, neste caso toda a energia gasta na prática de um determinado treino. Toda esta informação pode ser acedida através de uma aplicação Android e por consequência num dispositivo Android. Com a aplicação desenvolvida é possível observar e processar toda a informação recolhida através dos sensores implementados, a observação dos dados recolhidos pode ser efetuada pelo treinador responsável, como pelo próprio atleta. Portanto, o sistema permite a realização de um ilimitado número de sessões de treino, estes podem ser consultados a qualquer momento através da aplicação móvel. Fazendo com que seja possível manter um histórico da evolução de cada atleta, podendo assim observar e comparar cada sessão de treino, realizada por cada atleta

    Cyclist performance assessment based on WSN and cloud technologies

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    Mobility in big cities is a growing problem and the use of bicycles has been a solution which, together with new sharing services, helps to motivate users. There are also more and more users practicing sports involving the use of bicycles. It was in this context that the present dissertation was developed, a distributed sensor system for monitoring cyclists. With the support of a wireless sensor network connected to the internet and, using a set of smart sensors as end-nodes, it is possible to obtain data that will help the cyclist to improve his performance. The coach can monitor and evaluate the performance to improve their training sessions. The health status condition during training it is also monitored using cardiac and respiratory assessment sensors. The information from the nodes of the wireless sensor network is uploaded, via the internet connection, to the Firebase platform. An Android mobile application has been developed, this allows trainers to register cyclists, plan routes and observe the results collected by the network. With the inclusion of these technologies, the coach and the athlete may analyze the performance of a session and compare it with the previous training results. New training sessions may be established according to the athlete's needs. The effectiveness of the proposed system was experimentally tested and several results are included in this dissertation.A mobilidade nas grandes cidades é um problema crescente e a utilização das bicicletas tem vindo a ser uma solução que, em conjunto com novos serviços de partilha, ajudam a motivar os utilizadores. Há também cada vez mais utilizadores a praticar desportos que envolvem a utilização da bicicleta. Foi neste contexto que a presente dissertação foi desenvolvida, um sistema de sensores distribuídos para monitorização de ciclistas. Com o suporte de uma rede de sensores sem fios ligada á internet e, utilizando um conjunto de sensores inteligentes como nós, é possível obter dados que vão ajudar o ciclista a melhorar o seu desempenho. O treinador consegue monitorizar e avaliar o desempenho para aperfeiçoar as sessões de treino. A condição do estado de saúde é também monitorizada utilizando sensores de avaliação cardíaca e de respiratória. A informação proveniente dos nós da rede de sensores sem fios é carregada, através da ligação á internet, para a plataforma Firebase. Foi desenvolvida uma aplicação móvel Android, que permite que os treinadores registem ciclistas, planeiem rotas e observem os resultados recolhidos pela rede. Com a inclusão destas tecnologias, o treinador e o ciclista podem analisar o desempenho de uma sessão e compara-lo com os resultados do treino anterior. Podem ser estabelecidas novas sessões de treino de acordo com as necessidades do atleta. A eficácia do sistema proposto foi testada experimentalmente e os vários resultados foram incluídos nesta dissertação

    Cyclist training monitoring system based on wireless sensor network

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    Recent innovation of technology in wireless sensor network (WSN) has eased the deployment of WSN in many applications such as health monitoring system. This research presents a cyclist training monitoring system that is equipped with a set of sensors using the WSN technology. This enables continuous monitoring process of cyclist training that can be done anytime and anywhere. A stable and reliable wireless cyclist monitoring system with minimum data loss is vital to establish a smart and efficient sports management program that can lead to better quality outcomes of cyclist training. This cyclist training monitoring system has been developed and tested in real cyclist training environment in velodrome. The system is designed based on WSN that is linked to the cloud network on the Internet. Using TelG node as the basis, customized transceiver nodes are developed to establish the WSN. These nodes have been built with 30% reduction in size from the existing nodes. Seven measurements were conducted to investigate several factors that affect the packet loss rate before the system architecture was constructed. The factors that were taken into account during the measurements are the distance between the transmitter and the receiver, the height and angle of the receiver, the mobility of the transmitter, the transmission power of the transmitter, as well as the packet size and transmission rate. The results from the measurements correspond to the wireless communication theory. Based on the seven measurements, the system architecture was constructed. Several experiments were conducted in a real scenario in velodrome to measure the reliability of the system architecture. It was shown from the experiments that the proposed system is reliable even when the cyclist is moving at high speed which is 30km/h constantly. The packet loss in all experiments conducted is less than 2%, which does not give huge impact to the sensor data transmission. In addition, the results have shown that the proposed system can produce minimum end-to-end delay which is at 11ms when packet size is below 20 bytes which can be neglected

    INTELLIGENT ENVIRONMENTAL SENSING WITH AN UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM IN A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

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    This paper proposes a novel environmental monitoring mechanism to integrate recentlyestablished development of an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) with WSNs for remote monitoring. The high mobility of UASs can solve the limitations associated with using WSNs in hazardous areas. In this paper, the WSN node, the Wireless Environmental Monitoring Station (WEMS), is based on ZigBee protocol for long-duration monitoring. Furthermore, to ensure the integrity of collected environmental data, an algorithm is designed in WEMS for verification. Finally, a detailed analysis of packet transmission efficiency based on ranges of flight distance is proposed to examine the effect of environmental monitoring

    A Survey and Comparison of Low-Cost Sensing Technologies for Road Traffic Monitoring

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    Abstract This paper reviews low-cost vehicle and pedestrian detection methods and compares their accuracy. The main goal of this survey is to summarize the progress achieved to date and to help identify the sensing technologies that provide high detection accuracy and meet requirements related to cost and ease of installation. Special attention is paid to wireless battery-powered detectors of small dimensions that can be quickly and effortlessly installed alongside traffic lanes (on the side of a road or on a curb) without any additional supporting structures. The comparison of detection methods presented in this paper is based on results of experiments that were conducted with a variety of sensors in a wide range of configurations. During experiments various sensor sets were analyzed. It was shown that the detection accuracy can be significantly improved by fusing data from appropriately selected set of sensors. The experimental results reveal that accurate vehicle detection can be achieved by using sets of passive sensors. Application of active sensors was necessary to obtain satisfactory results in case of pedestrian detection

    Design of Wireless Sensors for IoT with Energy Storage and Communication Channel Heterogeneity

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    Autonomous Wireless Sensors (AWSs) are at the core of every Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Current AWS technology allows the development of many IoT-based applications, ranging from military to bioengineering and from industry to education. The energy optimization of AWSs depends mainly on: Structural, functional, and application specifications. The holistic design methodology addresses all the factors mentioned above. In this sense, we propose an original solution based on a novel architecture that duplicates the transceivers and also the power source using a hybrid storage system. By identifying the consumption needs of the transceivers, an appropriate methodology for sizing and controlling the power flow for the power source is proposed. The paper emphasizes the fusion between information, communication, and energy consumption of the AWS in terms of spectrum information through a set of transceiver testing scenarios, identifying the main factors that influence the sensor node design and their inter-dependencies. Optimization of the system considers all these factors obtaining an energy efficient AWS, paving the way towards autonomous sensors by adding an energy harvesting element to them

    Performance Evaluation of Energy-Autonomous Sensors Using Power-Harvesting Beacons for Environmental Monitoring in Internet of Things (IoT)

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    Environmental conditions and air quality monitoring have become crucial today due to the undeniable changes of the climate and accelerated urbanization. To efficiently monitor environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and the levels of pollutants, such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air, and to collect data covering vast geographical areas, the development of cheap energy-autonomous sensors for large scale deployment and fine-grained data acquisition is required. Rapid advances in electronics and communication technologies along with the emergence of paradigms such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) have led to the development of low-cost sensor devices that can operate unattended for long periods of time and communicate using wired or wireless connections through the Internet. We investigate the energy efficiency of an environmental monitoring system based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons that operate in the IoT environment. The beacons developed measure the temperature, the relative humidity, the light intensity, and the CO2 and VOC levels in the air. Based on our analysis we have developed efficient sleep scheduling algorithms that allow the sensor nodes developed to operate autonomously without requiring the replacement of the power supply. The experimental results show that low-power sensors communicating using BLE technology can operate autonomously (from the energy perspective) in applications that monitor the environment or the air quality in indoor or outdoor settings

    Internet of things for measuring human activities in ambient assisted living and e-health

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    Internet of things (IoT) is a new paradigm that combines several technologies such as computers, Internet, sensor networks, radio frequency identification (RFID), communication technology and embedded systems to form a system that links the real world with digital world. Currently, a large number of smart objects and different type of devices are interconnected and more and more they are being used in Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) scenarios for improving the daily tasks of elderly and disabled people. This paper presents an IoT architecture and protocol for Ambient Assisted Living and e-health. It is designed for heterogeneous AAL and e-health scenarios where an IoT network is the most suitable option to interconnect all elements. Finally, we simulate a medium-size network with four protocols especially designed for networks with important energy constraints in order to show their performance.Rghioui, A.; Sendra, S.; Lloret, J.; Oumnad, A. (2016). Internet of things for measuring human activities in ambient assisted living and e-health. Network Protocols and Algorithms. 8(3):15-28. doi:10.5296/npa.v8i3.10146S15288

    Continuous athlete monitoring in challenging cycling environments using IoT technologiesis

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    Internet of Things (IoT)-based solutions for sport analytics aim to improve performance, coaching, and strategic insights. These factors are especially relevant in cycling, where real-time data should be available anytime, anywhere, even in remote areas where there are no infrastructure-based communication technologies (e.g., LTE and Wi-Fi). In this article, we present an experience report on the use of state-of-the-art IoT technologies in cycling, where a group of cyclists can form a reliable and energy efficient mesh network to collect and process sensor data in real-time, such as heart rate, speed, and location. This data is analyzed in real-time to estimate the performance of each rider and derive instantaneous feedback. Our solution is the first to combine a local body area network to gather the sensor data from the cyclist and a 6TiSCH network to form a multihop long-range wireless sensor network in order to provide each bicycle with connectivity to the sink (e.g., a moving car following the cyclists). In this article, we present a detailed technical description of this solution, describing its requirements, options, and technical challenges. In order to assess such a deployment, we present a large publicly available data-set from different real-world cycling scenarios (mountain road cycle racing and cyclo-cross) which characterizes the performance of the approach, demonstrating its feasibility and evidencing its relevance and promising possibilities in a cycling context for providing low-power communication with reliable performance

    Wireless Technologies for IoT in Smart Cities

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    [EN] As cities continue to grow, numerous initiatives for Smart Cities are being conducted. The concept of Smart City encompasses several concepts being governance, economy, management, infrastructure, technology and people. This means that a Smart City can have different communication needs. Wireless technologies such as WiFi, ZigBee, Bluetooth, WiMax, 4G or LTE (Long Term Evolution) have presented themselves as solutions to the communication needs of Smart City initiatives. However, as most of them employ unlicensed bands, interference and coexistence problems are increasing. In this paper, the wireless technologies available nowadays for IoT (Internet of Things) in Smart Cities are presented. Our contribution is a review of wireless technologies, their comparison and the problems that difficult coexistence among them. In order to do so, the characteristics and adequacy of wireless technologies to each domain are considered. The problems derived of over-crowded unlicensed spectrum and coexistence difficulties among each technology are discussed as well. Finally, power consumption concerns are addressed.García-García, L.; Jimenez, JM.; Abdullah, MTA.; Lloret, J. (2018). Wireless Technologies for IoT in Smart Cities. Network Protocols and Algorithms. 10(1):23-64. doi:10.5296/npa.v10i1.12798S236410
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