44,189 research outputs found
Energy Losses and Voltage Stability Study in Distribution Network with Distributed Generation
With the distributed generation technology widely applied, some system problems
such as overvoltages and undervoltages are gradually remarkable, which are
caused by distributed generations like wind energy system (WES) and photovoltaic
system (PVS) because of their probabilistic output power which relied on natural conditions.
Since the impacts of WES and PVS are important in the distribution system
voltage quality, we study these in this paper using new models with the probability
density function of node voltage and the cumulative distribution function of
total losses. We apply these models to solve the IEEE33 distribution system to be
chosen in IEEE standard database. We compare our method with the Monte Carlo
simulation method in three different cases, respectively. In the three cases, these
results not only can provide the important reference information for the next stage
optimization design, system reliability, and safety analysis but also can reduce amount
of calculation
Optimization of DC - DC boost converter using fuzzy logic controller
DC-DC converters are electronic devices used to change DC electrical power efficiently
from one voltage level to another. Operation of the switching devices causes the
inherently nonlinear characteristic of the DC-DC converters including one known as the
Boost converter. Consequently, this converter requires a controller with a high degree of
dynamic response. Proportional-Integral- Differential (PID) controllers have been usually
applied to the converters because of their simplicity.
However, the main drawback of PID controller is unable to adapt and approach the best
performance when applied to nonlinear system. It will sufer from dynamic response,
produces overshoot, longer rise time and settling time which in turn will influenced the
output voltage regulation of the Boost converter. Therefore, the implementation of
practical Fuzzy Logic controller that will deal to the issue must be investigated.
Fuzzy logic controller using voltage output as feedback for significantly improving the
dynamic performance of boost dc-dc converter by using MATLAB@Simulink software.
The design and calculation of the components especially for the inductor has been done
to ensure the converter operates in continuous conduction mode. The evaluation of the
output has been carried out and compared by software simulation using MATLAB
software between the open loop and closed loop circuit between fuzzy logic control
(FLC) and PID control. The simulation results are shown that voltage output is able to be
control in steady state condition for DC-DC boost converter by using this methodology.
Scope of this project limited only one types that is Triangle membership function for
fuzzy logic control
Spring search algorithm for simultaneous placement of distributed generation and capacitors
Purpose. In this paper, for simultaneous placement of distributed generation (DG) and capacitors, a new approach based on Spring Search Algorithm (SSA), is presented. This method is contained two stages using two sensitive index Sv and Ss. Sv and Ss are calculated according to nominal voltageand network losses. In the first stage, candidate buses are determined for installation DG and capacitors according to Sv and Ss. Then in the second stage, placement and sizing of distributed generation and capacitors are specified using SSA. The spring search algorithm is among the optimization algorithms developed by the idea of laws of nature and the search factors are a set of objects. The proposed algorithm is tested on 33-bus and 69-bus radial distribution networks. The test results indicate good performance of the proposed methodЦель. В статье для одновременного размещения распределенной генерации и конденсаторов представлен новый подход, основанный на "пружинном" алгоритме поиска (Spring Search Algorithm, SSA). Данный метод состоит из двух этапов с использованием двух показателей чувствительности Sv и Ss. Показатели чувствительности Sv и Ss рассчитываются в соответствии с номинальным напряжением и потерями в сети. На первом этапе определяются шины-кандидаты для установки распределенной генерации и конденсаторов согласно Sv и Ss. Затем, на втором этапе размещение и калибровка распределенной генерации и конденсаторов выполняются с использованием алгоритма SSA. "Пружинный" алгоритм поиска входит в число алгоритмов оптимизации, разработанных на основе идей законов природы, а факторы поиска представляют собой набор объектов. Предлагаемый алгоритм тестируется на радиальных распределительных сетях с 33 и 69 шинами. Результаты тестирования показывают хорошую эффективность предложенного метода
Smart Grid for the Smart City
Modern cities are embracing cutting-edge technologies to improve the services they offer to the citizens from traffic control to the reduction of greenhouse gases and energy provisioning. In this chapter, we look at the energy sector advocating how Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and signal processing techniques can be integrated into next generation power grids for an increased effectiveness in terms of: electrical stability, distribution, improved communication security, energy production, and utilization. In particular, we deliberate about the use of these techniques within new demand response paradigms, where communities of prosumers (e.g., households, generating part of their electricity consumption) contribute to the satisfaction of the energy demand through load balancing and peak shaving. Our discussion also covers the use of big data analytics for demand response and serious games as a tool to promote energy-efficient behaviors from end users
A simplified analytical approach for optimal planning of distributed generation in electrical distribution networks
DG-integrated distribution system planning is an imperative issue since the installing of distributed generations (DGs) has many effects on the network operation characteristics, which might cause significant impacts on the system performance. One of the most important characteristics that mostly varies because of the installation of DG units is the power losses. The parameters affecting the value of the power losses are number, location, capacity, and power factor of the DG units. In this paper, a new analytical approach is proposed for optimally installing DGs to minimize power loss in distribution networks. Different parameters of DG are considered and evaluated in order to achieve a high loss reduction in the electrical distribution networks. The algorithm of the proposed approach has been implemented using MATLAB software and has been tested and investigated on 12-bus, 33-bus, and 69-bus IEEE distribution test systems. The results show that the proposed approach can provide an accurate solution via simple algorithm without using exhaustive process of power flow computations
Studi Penempatan Lokasi Optimal Distributed Generation Pada Weakly Meshed Distribution Network Untuk Efisiensi Operasi Energi
Perkembangan sistem distribusi semakin besar dan kompleks saat ini menyebabkan rugi-rugi daya yang timbul lebih tinggi, hampir 10-13% dari total daya yang dihasilkan hilang sebagai kerugian saluran yang menyebabkan peningkatan biaya energi dan profil tegangan yang buruk sepanjang saluran distribusi. Salah satunya untuk menanggulangi hal tersebut adalah dengan pemasangan Distributed Generation. Pada penelitian ini akan dibahas mengenai penempatan lokasi optimal DG pada jaringan distribusi IEEE 33-bus weakly meshed yang didapatkan melalui metode Voltage Stability Index (VSI). DG ditempatkan pada bus yang memiliki indeks tegangan terendah sehingga akan mengurangi nilai kerugian daya. Dengan deminikian akan mengurangi biaya kerugian daya pada sistem. setelah dilakukan penempatan DG berdasarkan indeks tegangan terendah yaitu pada bus 32 dan 14 dengan kapasitas DG masing-masing 20% dari total beban maka didapatkan nilai kerugian daya sebesar 31.3 kW dengan biaya kerugian daya sebesar 1651.28. Dengan demikian penempatan DG pada bus 32 dan 14 pada jaringan distribusi weakly meshed mampu mengurangi biaya kerugian daya sebesar 90035.28 compared the IEEE 33
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bus radial network without DG placement
Voltage Multistability and Pulse Emergency Control for Distribution System with Power Flow Reversal
High levels of penetration of distributed generation and aggressive reactive
power compensation may result in the reversal of power flows in future
distribution grids. The voltage stability of these operating conditions may be
very different from the more traditional power consumption regime. This paper
focused on demonstration of multistability phenomenon in radial distribution
systems with reversed power flow, where multiple stable equilibria co-exist at
the given set of parameters. The system may experience transitions between
different equilibria after being subjected to disturbances such as short-term
losses of distributed generation or transient faults. Convergence to an
undesirable equilibrium places the system in an emergency or \textit{in
extremis} state. Traditional emergency control schemes are not capable of
restoring the system if it gets entrapped in one of the low voltage equilibria.
Moreover, undervoltage load shedding may have a reverse action on the system
and can induce voltage collapse. We propose a novel pulse emergency control
strategy that restores the system to the normal state without any interruption
of power delivery. The results are validated with dynamic simulations of IEEE
-bus feeder performed with SystemModeler software. The dynamic models can
be also used for characterization of the solution branches via a novel approach
so-called the admittance homotopy power flow method.Comment: 13 pages, 22 figures. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 2015, in pres
Optimized Solar Photovoltaic Generation in a Real Local Distribution Network
Remarkable penetration of renewable energy in electric networks, despite its
valuable opportunities, such as power loss reduction and loadability
improvements, has raised concerns for system operators. Such huge penetration
can lead to a violation of the grid requirements, such as voltage and current
limits and reverse power flow. Optimal placement and sizing of Distributed
Generation (DG) are one of the best ways to strengthen the efficiency of the
power systems. This paper builds a simulation model for the local distribution
network based on obtained load profiles, GIS information, solar insolation,
feeder and voltage settings, and define the optimization problem of solar PVDG
installation to determine the optimal siting and sizing for different
penetration levels with different objective functions. The objective functions
include voltage profile improvement and energy loss minimization and the
considered constraints include the physical distribution network constraints
(AC power flow), the PV capacity constraint, and the voltage and reverse power
flow constraints.Comment: To be published (Accepted) in: Proceedings of the IEEE PES Innovative
Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), Washington D.C., USA, 201
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