Sharing a conceptual model of grid resources and services

Grid technologies aim at enabling a coordinated resource-sharing and problem-solving capabilities over local and wide area networks and span locations, organizations, machine architectures and software boundaries. The heterogeneity of involved resources and the need for interoperability among different grid middlewares require the sharing of a common information model. Abstractions of different flavors of resources and services and conceptual schemas of domain specific entities require a collaboration effort in order to enable a coherent information services cooperation. With this paper, we present the result of our experience in grid resources and services modelling carried out within the Grid Laboratory Uniform Environment (GLUE) effort, a joint US and EU High Energy Physics projects collaboration towards grid interoperability. The first implementation-neutral agreement on services such as batch computing and storage manager, resources such as the hierarchy cluster, sub-cluster, host and the storage library are presented. Design guidelines and operational results are depicted together with open issues and future evolutions.Comment: 4 pages, 0 figures, CHEP 200

The Sharing Economy and the Transformative Roles of IS: An Australian Study

Over the last decade, the Sharing Economy has developed rapidly to become a significant source of market disruption. However, multi-disciplinary research into the phenomenon is constrained by uncertainties about its focus, scope and even its name. This paper’s research aims are to address those constraints by clarifying concepts and terminology to afford meaningful discourse and impactful activities and to develop a Sharing Economy Diagnostic (ShED) for categorising companies and organizations who participate in platform-based sharing. Within the Sharing economy, Information Systems occupy the sweet spot, being located at the intersection of demand for different types of market behaviours and enabling those demands through transformative roles for the technology platform

A Relational View of Accounting Information Sharing

Today’s organizations are characterized by a network of relationships with various customers and suppliers. As such, the critical resources leading to competitive advantage may no longer reside within a firm’s own boundaries and instead be a part of the network of relationships. This perspective, known as the relational view of the firm, suggests that a firm’s critical resources may be embedded in the routines and processes associated with inter-firm relationships. One such inter-firm process is the sharing of accounting information. Using the relational view of the firm, this study develops a research model with three antecedent factors of accounting information-sharing (electronic integration systems, trust, and knowledge-sharing routines) which can lead to benefits associated with inter-organizational competitive advantage. We find that the factors of trust and knowledge-sharing have direct effects on accounting information-sharing, while the factor of electronic integration has an indirect effect through the enabling of knowledge-sharing routines

PalProtect: A Collaborative Security Approach to Comment Spam

Collaborative security is a promising solution to many types of security problems. Organizations and individuals often have a limited amount of resources to detect and respond to the threat of automated attacks. Enabling them to take advantage of the resources of their peers by sharing information related to such threats is a major step towards automating defense systems. In particular, comment spam posted on blogs as a way for attackers to do Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is a major annoyance. Many measures have been proposed to thwart such spam, but all such measures are currently enacted and operate within one administrative domain. We propose and implement a system for cross-domain information sharing to improve the quality and speed of defense against such spam

Scaling Success: Lessons from Adaptation Pilots in the Rainfed Regions of India

"Scaling Success" examines how agricultural communities are adapting to the challenges posed by climate change through the lens of India's rainfed agriculture regions. Rainfed agriculture currently occupies 58 percent of India's cultivated land and accounts for up to 40 percent of its total food production. However, these regions face potential production losses of more than $200 billion USD in rice, wheat, and maize by 2050 due to the effects of climate change. Unless action is taken soon at a large scale, farmers will see sharp decreases in revenue and yields.Rainfed regions across the globe have been an important focus for the first generation of adaptation projects, but to date, few have achieved a scale that can be truly transformational. Drawing on lessons learnt from 21 case studies of rainfed agriculture interventions, the report provides guidance on how to design, fund and support adaptation projects that can achieve scale

Enhancing collaboration through idea-level granularity: from information sharing across security levels to collaborative learning

This paper proposes that idea-level granularity is an innovative design construct that has the potential to extend the boundaries of a range of human and organizational capabilities. Two examples are provided of how technology based on idea-level granularity versus document-level granularity can broadly transform collaborative work. Organizational success will depend on enabling sufficient information sharing across teams and organizations while preserving essential confidentiality and integrity. This paper explores the problems of producing and consuming information at different levels of classification and presents how technology based on idea-level granularity can overcome these problems. Collaborative learning works; but, instructors are frustrated in assessing individual contributions, students complain about freeloading, and worst, freeloaders may fail to learn. Over two years, technology based on idea-level granularity was used to mitigate these flaws by allowing individual contributions within collaborative work to be identified, tracked, and analyzed. Students liked the ability of the instructor to monitor contributions; do not like overwriting other’s work, nor other’s overwriting their work; and most importantly, enjoyed a more positive group experience than in prior classes

Electronic Medical Record Adoption in New Zealand Primary Care Physician Offices

Describes EMR adoption in New Zealand's primary healthcare system, including how government investment was secured and data protection laws, unique patient identifiers, and standards and certification were established, with lessons for the United States

Uganda: Data Strategy and Capacity Building

As part of Uganda's commitment to the Sustainable Development Agenda, the country has made substantial progress toward improved national development data—including the launch of a Development Data Hub supported by Development Initiatives and a review of open data readiness jointly undertaken by the government and the World Bank. Uganda however, lacks an organized framework for collecting and sharing reliable and comparable data on philanthropy. As such, the newly established Uganda National Philanthropy Forum (UPF) represents a key mechanism for the sector to consolidate its e orts and hone its contributions to national development. The forum was established in October 2015, facilitated by the East Africa Association of Grantmakers (EAAG), in partnership with Independent Development Fund (IDF), Development Network of Indigenous Voluntary Associations (DENIVA) and GoBig Hub. Its objective is to explore strategies for consolidating and organizing the philanthropy sector in Uganda.As a follow up to the UPF agenda on advancing philanthropy data in Uganda, EAAG and the Foundation Center in partnership with IDF and DENIVA hosted a Data Scoping Meeting on October 25th 2016. The objective of the meeting was to explore opportunities to strengthen data sharing and management to enhance the sector's coordination and in uence on national development policy. The meeting brought together 35 foundations, trusts and other local philanthropy organizations

The COVID-19 pandemic: resilient organisational response to a low-chance, high-impact event

The global healthcare sector is currently in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, a ‘low-chance, high-impact’ event which will require healthcare systems, and the organisations within them, to maintain organisational resilience in order to respond effectively. However, contrary to the instinctive reaction to tighten control, the quality of response depends on healthcare systems’ capacity to loosen control and, subsequently, enhance improvisation. Three factors critical to enhancing an organisation’s capacity for improvisation are highlighted; increasing autonomy, maintaining structure and creating a shared understanding. By drawing on the case of Christchurch Hospital’s response to a major earthquake, this paper demonstrates the vital role that improvisation can play within a clinical setting, when responding to a low-chance, high-impact event. This article is made freely available for use in accordance with BMJ's website terms and conditions for the duration of the covid-19 pandemic or until otherwise determined by BMJ. You may use, download and print the article for any lawful, non-commercial purpose (including text and data mining) provided that all copyright notices and trade marks are retained