84,991 research outputs found
Enabling Green Networking with a Power Down Approach
The most straightforward way to reduce network power consumption is to turn off idle links and nodes (switches/routers), which we call the power down approach. In a wired network, especially in a backbone network, many links are actually “bundles” of multiple physical cables and line cards that can be shut down independently. In this paper, we study the following routing problem for green networking in wired networks: Given a set of end-to-end communication sessions, determine how to route data traffic through the network such that total power consumption is minimized by turning off unused cables in bundled links and nodes, subject to the constraint that the traffic demand of each session is satisfied. We present an integer linear programming to provide optimal solutions. We also present two fast and effective heuristic algorithms to solve the problem in polynomial time. It has been shown by simulation results based on the Abilene network and the NSF network that the proposed heuristic algorithms consistently provide close-tooptimal solutions
SymbioCity: Smart Cities for Smarter Networks
The "Smart City" (SC) concept revolves around the idea of embodying
cutting-edge ICT solutions in the very fabric of future cities, in order to
offer new and better services to citizens while lowering the city management
costs, both in monetary, social, and environmental terms. In this framework,
communication technologies are perceived as subservient to the SC services,
providing the means to collect and process the data needed to make the services
function. In this paper, we propose a new vision in which technology and SC
services are designed to take advantage of each other in a symbiotic manner.
According to this new paradigm, which we call "SymbioCity", SC services can
indeed be exploited to improve the performance of the same communication
systems that provide them with data. Suggestive examples of this symbiotic
ecosystem are discussed in the paper. The dissertation is then substantiated in
a proof-of-concept case study, where we show how the traffic monitoring service
provided by the London Smart City initiative can be used to predict the density
of users in a certain zone and optimize the cellular service in that area.Comment: 14 pages, submitted for publication to ETT Transactions on Emerging
Telecommunications Technologie
A Survey of Green Networking Research
Reduction of unnecessary energy consumption is becoming a major concern in
wired networking, because of the potential economical benefits and of its
expected environmental impact. These issues, usually referred to as "green
networking", relate to embedding energy-awareness in the design, in the devices
and in the protocols of networks. In this work, we first formulate a more
precise definition of the "green" attribute. We furthermore identify a few
paradigms that are the key enablers of energy-aware networking research. We
then overview the current state of the art and provide a taxonomy of the
relevant work, with a special focus on wired networking. At a high level, we
identify four branches of green networking research that stem from different
observations on the root causes of energy waste, namely (i) Adaptive Link Rate,
(ii) Interface proxying, (iii) Energy-aware infrastructures and (iv)
Energy-aware applications. In this work, we do not only explore specific
proposals pertaining to each of the above branches, but also offer a
perspective for research.Comment: Index Terms: Green Networking; Wired Networks; Adaptive Link Rate;
Interface Proxying; Energy-aware Infrastructures; Energy-aware Applications.
18 pages, 6 figures, 2 table
Software-Defined Cloud Computing: Architectural Elements and Open Challenges
The variety of existing cloud services creates a challenge for service
providers to enforce reasonable Software Level Agreements (SLA) stating the
Quality of Service (QoS) and penalties in case QoS is not achieved. To avoid
such penalties at the same time that the infrastructure operates with minimum
energy and resource wastage, constant monitoring and adaptation of the
infrastructure is needed. We refer to Software-Defined Cloud Computing, or
simply Software-Defined Clouds (SDC), as an approach for automating the process
of optimal cloud configuration by extending virtualization concept to all
resources in a data center. An SDC enables easy reconfiguration and adaptation
of physical resources in a cloud infrastructure, to better accommodate the
demand on QoS through a software that can describe and manage various aspects
comprising the cloud environment. In this paper, we present an architecture for
SDCs on data centers with emphasis on mobile cloud applications. We present an
evaluation, showcasing the potential of SDC in two use cases-QoS-aware
bandwidth allocation and bandwidth-aware, energy-efficient VM placement-and
discuss the research challenges and opportunities in this emerging area.Comment: Keynote Paper, 3rd International Conference on Advances in Computing,
Communications and Informatics (ICACCI 2014), September 24-27, 2014, Delhi,
Indi
Green Cellular Networks: A Survey, Some Research Issues and Challenges
Energy efficiency in cellular networks is a growing concern for cellular
operators to not only maintain profitability, but also to reduce the overall
environment effects. This emerging trend of achieving energy efficiency in
cellular networks is motivating the standardization authorities and network
operators to continuously explore future technologies in order to bring
improvements in the entire network infrastructure. In this article, we present
a brief survey of methods to improve the power efficiency of cellular networks,
explore some research issues and challenges and suggest some techniques to
enable an energy efficient or "green" cellular network. Since base stations
consume a maximum portion of the total energy used in a cellular system, we
will first provide a comprehensive survey on techniques to obtain energy
savings in base stations. Next, we discuss how heterogeneous network deployment
based on micro, pico and femto-cells can be used to achieve this goal. Since
cognitive radio and cooperative relaying are undisputed future technologies in
this regard, we propose a research vision to make these technologies more
energy efficient. Lastly, we explore some broader perspectives in realizing a
"green" cellular network technologyComment: 16 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
ADN: An Information-Centric Networking Architecture for the Internet of Things
Forwarding data by name has been assumed to be a necessary aspect of an
information-centric redesign of the current Internet architecture that makes
content access, dissemination, and storage more efficient. The Named Data
Networking (NDN) and Content-Centric Networking (CCNx) architectures are the
leading examples of such an approach. However, forwarding data by name incurs
storage and communication complexities that are orders of magnitude larger than
solutions based on forwarding data using addresses. Furthermore, the specific
algorithms used in NDN and CCNx have been shown to have a number of
limitations. The Addressable Data Networking (ADN) architecture is introduced
as an alternative to NDN and CCNx. ADN is particularly attractive for
large-scale deployments of the Internet of Things (IoT), because it requires
far less storage and processing in relaying nodes than NDN. ADN allows things
and data to be denoted by names, just like NDN and CCNx do. However, instead of
replacing the waist of the Internet with named-data forwarding, ADN uses an
address-based forwarding plane and introduces an information plane that
seamlessly maps names to addresses without the involvement of end-user
applications. Simulation results illustrate the order of magnitude savings in
complexity that can be attained with ADN compared to NDN.Comment: 10 page
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