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Ensuring Access to Safe and Nutritious Food for All Through the Transformation of Food Systems
Comedians without a Cause: The Politics and Aesthetics of Humour in Dutch Cabaret (1966-2020)
Comedians play an important role in society and public debate. While comedians have been considered important cultural critics for quite some time, comedy has acquired a new social and political significance in recent years, with humour taking centre stage in political and social debates around issues of identity, social justice, and freedom of speech. To understand the shifting meanings and political implications of humour within a Dutch context, this PhD thesis examines the political and aesthetic workings of humour in the highly popular Dutch cabaret genre, focusing on cabaret performances from the 1960s to the present. The central questions of the thesis are: how do comedians use humour to deliver social critique, and how does their humour resonate with political ideologies? These questions are answered by adopting a cultural studies approach to humour, which is used to analyse Dutch cabaret performances, and by studying related materials such as reviews and media interviews with comedians. This thesis shows that, from the 1960s onwards, Dutch comedians have been considered ‘progressive rebels’ – politically engaged, subversive, and carrying a left-wing political agenda – but that this image is in need of correction. While we tend to look for progressive political messages in the work of comedians who present themselves as being anti-establishment rebels – such as Youp van ‘t Hek, Hans Teeuwen, and Theo Maassen – this thesis demonstrates that their transgressive and provocative humour tends to protect social hierarchies and relationships of power. Moreover, it shows that, paradoxically, both the deliberately moderate and nuanced humour of Wim Kan and Claudia de Breij, and the seemingly past-oriented nostalgia of Alex Klaasen, are more radical and progressive than the transgressive humour of van ‘t Hek, Teeuwen and Maassen. Finally, comedians who present absurdist or deconstructionist forms of humour, such as the early student cabarets, Freek de Jonge, and Micha Wertheim, tend to disassociate themselves from an explicit political engagement. By challenging the dominant image of the Dutch comedian as a ‘progressive rebel,’ this thesis contributes to a better understanding of humour in the present cultural moment, in which humour is often either not taken seriously, or one-sidedly celebrated as being merely pleasurable, innocent, or progressively liberating. In so doing, this thesis concludes, the ‘dark’ and more conservative sides of humour tend to get obscured
Examples of works to practice staccato technique in clarinet instrument
Klarnetin staccato tekniğini güçlendirme aşamaları eser çalışmalarıyla uygulanmıştır. Staccato
geçişlerini hızlandıracak ritim ve nüans çalışmalarına yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın en önemli amacı
sadece staccato çalışması değil parmak-dilin eş zamanlı uyumunun hassasiyeti üzerinde de
durulmasıdır. Staccato çalışmalarını daha verimli hale getirmek için eser çalışmasının içinde etüt
çalışmasına da yer verilmiştir. Çalışmaların üzerinde titizlikle durulması staccato çalışmasının ilham
verici etkisi ile müzikal kimliğe yeni bir boyut kazandırmıştır. Sekiz özgün eser çalışmasının her
aşaması anlatılmıştır. Her aşamanın bir sonraki performans ve tekniği güçlendirmesi esas alınmıştır.
Bu çalışmada staccato tekniğinin hangi alanlarda kullanıldığı, nasıl sonuçlar elde edildiği bilgisine
yer verilmiştir. Notaların parmak ve dil uyumu ile nasıl şekilleneceği ve nasıl bir çalışma disiplini
içinde gerçekleşeceği planlanmıştır. Kamış-nota-diyafram-parmak-dil-nüans ve disiplin
kavramlarının staccato tekniğinde ayrılmaz bir bütün olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmada literatür
taraması yapılarak staccato ile ilgili çalışmalar taranmıştır. Tarama sonucunda klarnet tekniğin de
kullanılan staccato eser çalışmasının az olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Metot taramasında da etüt
çalışmasının daha çok olduğu saptanmıştır. Böylelikle klarnetin staccato tekniğini hızlandırma ve
güçlendirme çalışmaları sunulmuştur. Staccato etüt çalışmaları yapılırken, araya eser çalışmasının
girmesi beyni rahatlattığı ve istekliliği daha arttırdığı gözlemlenmiştir. Staccato çalışmasını yaparken
doğru bir kamış seçimi üzerinde de durulmuştur. Staccato tekniğini doğru çalışmak için doğru bir
kamışın dil hızını arttırdığı saptanmıştır. Doğru bir kamış seçimi kamıştan rahat ses çıkmasına
bağlıdır. Kamış, dil atma gücünü vermiyorsa daha doğru bir kamış seçiminin yapılması gerekliliği
vurgulanmıştır. Staccato çalışmalarında baştan sona bir eseri yorumlamak zor olabilir. Bu açıdan
çalışma, verilen müzikal nüanslara uymanın, dil atış performansını rahatlattığını ortaya koymuştur.
Gelecek nesillere edinilen bilgi ve birikimlerin aktarılması ve geliştirici olması teşvik edilmiştir.
Çıkacak eserlerin nasıl çözüleceği, staccato tekniğinin nasıl üstesinden gelinebileceği anlatılmıştır.
Staccato tekniğinin daha kısa sürede çözüme kavuşturulması amaç edinilmiştir. Parmakların
yerlerini öğrettiğimiz kadar belleğimize de çalışmaların kaydedilmesi önemlidir. Gösterilen azmin ve
sabrın sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan yapıt başarıyı daha da yukarı seviyelere çıkaracaktır
Facteurs associés à la motivation au changement chez des adolescentes hébergées en centre de réadaptation
L’objectif général de cette thèse consiste à mieux comprendre le lien entre des caractéristiques personnelles de 175 adolescentes hébergées en centre de réadaptation, des éléments de leur contexte de placement et leur motivation au changement de comportements. La motivation au changement a été mesurée à deux reprises, à l’admission lors d’un nouveau placement et trois mois plus tard, à partir de la version francophone du Readiness Ruler (Miller et Rollnick, 1991). Les facteurs associés incluent des difficultés intériorisées et extériorisées, des comportements à risque ainsi que des éléments du contexte d’hébergement (relations avec le personnel éducateur et avec les pairs, pratiques éducatives des personnes intervenantes). Des analyses corrélationnelles et des équations structurelles ont permis d’établir que les adolescentes qui présentent des signes de détresse (ex. : symptômes de dépression, d’anxiété, stress post-traumatique) ont moins confiance en leur capacité de changer leurs comportements. Également, des analyses de classes latentes ont établi trois profils de la motivation au changement au cours des trois premiers moins du placement (détérioration, stabilité, consolidation de la motivation). Des analyses de type 3-step ont montré que lorsque les adolescentes considèrent que leurs relations avec les éducateurs sont difficiles ou que ces derniers déploient des pratiques éducatives qu’elles estiment injustes ou inéquitables, elles sont caractérisées davantage par un profil de détérioration de leur motivation au changement. En contrepartie, plus ces relations avec les éducateurs ou ces pratiques éducatives sont jugées satisfaisantes, plus les adolescentes affichent un profil de consolidation de leur motivation au changement. Ces résultats mettent d’abord en lumière que le profil clinique des adolescentes semble être un élément crucial pour comprendre leur motivation au changement, à cet égard, à l’entrée en centre de réadaptation une attention particulière devrait être portée aux adolescentes présentant des signes de détresse. Se dégage aussi de cette thèse, le rôle primordial du personnel éducateur et des pratiques éducatives pour favoriser la motivation au changement
Machine Learning Research Trends in Africa: A 30 Years Overview with Bibliometric Analysis Review
In this paper, a critical bibliometric analysis study is conducted, coupled
with an extensive literature survey on recent developments and associated
applications in machine learning research with a perspective on Africa. The
presented bibliometric analysis study consists of 2761 machine learning-related
documents, of which 98% were articles with at least 482 citations published in
903 journals during the past 30 years. Furthermore, the collated documents were
retrieved from the Science Citation Index EXPANDED, comprising research
publications from 54 African countries between 1993 and 2021. The bibliometric
study shows the visualization of the current landscape and future trends in
machine learning research and its application to facilitate future
collaborative research and knowledge exchange among authors from different
research institutions scattered across the African continent
Functional Representation of the Intentional Bounded Rationality of Decision-Makers: A Laboratory to Study the Decisions a Priori
This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, [ECO2013-48496-C4-3-R and MTM2016-77642-C2-2-P], the Diputacion General de Aragon (DGA) and the European Social Fund [CREVALOR], the Spanish State Research Agency Projects PID2019-10380RBI00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and the Andalusian Government Project P20_00673.The judgments of decision-makers are frequently the best way to process the information
on complex alternatives. However, the performances of the alternatives are often not observable in
their entirety, which prevents researchers from conducting controlled empirical studies. This paper
justifies a functional representation that, due to its good predictive results, has been widely used
ad hoc in studies in different branches of knowledge; it formalizes aspects of the human mental
structure that influence the ability of people to decide and the intentional bounded rationality, and
it subsequently analyzes how the reliability of decision-makers is affected by the difficulty of the
problem and the expertise and beliefs of the decision-maker. The main research objective of this
paper is to derive explicitly a general functional form that represents the behavior of a decision-maker
linked to their way of thinking. This functional form allows a laboratory to be created to study a priori
the performance of human decisions, i.e., the probability of choosing each of the alternatives, once the
returns of the alternatives, the level of expertise, and the initial beliefs of the decision-maker are known
exogenously. This laboratory will allow (1) the evaluation of decision support techniques; (2) the
creation of agent-based models that anticipate group performances due to individual interactions;
and (3) the development of other investigations based on statistical simulations.Spanish Government ECO2013-48496-C4-3-R
MTM2016-77642-C2-2-PGobierno de AragonEuropean Social Fund [CREVALOR]Spanish Government PID2019-10380RBI00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033Andalusian Government Project P20_0067
Early Sibling Play Interactions as a Source of Developmental Support for Toddlers: Observation of Young Children\u27s Developmental Support During Play with Toddler Siblings
The sibling relationship is a unique and important context for infant and early child development. Despite the important role of siblings and the unique aspects of the sibling relationship, sibling interactions are largely overlooked by scholars as a resource of potential developmental support. Identifying and fostering developmentally supportive interaction (DSI) behaviors in sibling relationships may expand available supports for children’s early development and may also support family well-being.
This study used a sample of 15 child-toddler sibling pairs to identify DSI behaviors in interactions between young children and their toddler-aged siblings, determine if and how well DSI behaviors could be observed, determine the similarities and differences between DSIs in child-toddler and caregiver-child interactions, and identify child factors that were associated with DSI behaviors. Caregivers completed a questionnaire online in Qualtrics, answering questions about their children and family, their children’s sibling relationship, and their children’s play skills. Caregivers then recorded and submitted 10-minute videos of their young children playing together, these videos were coded by research assistants who were trained to identify DSI behaviors using an established measure of caregiver-child interaction quality, the Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO). Older siblings across the 15 sibling pairs were observed engaging in each DSI behavior and research assistants were able to reliably code videos for behaviors in the Affection, Responsiveness, and Encouragement domains. When compared to an adult comparison sample, DSI behaviors in young sibling interactions were less frequent, less complex, and lower quality than in adult-child interactions. Younger brothers received more encouragement support from older siblings than younger sisters. Older children who were older siblings provided more developmental support than younger children who were older siblings. Older siblings interacted with more warmth when the age gap was larger than when it was smaller. Older siblings reported by their caregivers to have higher levels of empathy/concern engaged in fewer DSI behaviors and older siblings reported by their caregivers to have higher levels of conflict/aggression engaged in more DSI behaviors. These results may provide guidance for supporting developmentally supportive sibling interactions at home and in intervention
Building body identities - exploring the world of female bodybuilders
This thesis explores how female bodybuilders seek to develop and maintain a viable sense of self despite being stigmatized by the gendered foundations of what Erving Goffman (1983) refers to as the 'interaction order'; the unavoidable presentational context in which identities are forged during the course of social life. Placed in the context of an overview of the historical treatment of women's bodies, and a concern with the development of bodybuilding as a specific form of body modification, the research draws upon a unique two year ethnographic study based in the South of England, complemented by interviews with twenty-six female bodybuilders, all of whom live in the U.K. By mapping these extraordinary women's lives, the research illuminates the pivotal spaces and essential lived experiences that make up the female bodybuilder. Whilst the women appear to be embarking on an 'empowering' radical body project for themselves, the consequences of their activity remains culturally ambivalent. This research exposes the 'Janus-faced' nature of female bodybuilding, exploring the ways in which the women negotiate, accommodate and resist pressures to engage in more orthodox and feminine activities and appearances
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