FROM THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) TO SMART CITIES (SC)

IoT represents a network of Internet-enabled, real-world objects, such as nanotechnology, consumer electronics, home appliances, sensors of all kinds, embedded systems, and personal mobile devices. It includes enabling network and communication technologies, such as IPv6, web services, RFID, and 4G networks. We are already applying IoT solutions in practical ways by using mobile devices. A keyaspect of SC is the efficient management of utilities, enabled by smart metering of the residential consumption ofelectricity, water or gas

Cloud-based implementation of a SON radio resources planning system for mobile networks and integration in SaaS metric

In mobile network deployments of growing size, the optimum and fast planning of radio resources are a key task. Cloud services enable efficient and scalable implementation of procedures and algorithms. In this paper, a proof of concept implementation of a cloud-based network planning work pattern using Amazon Web Services (AWS) is presented, containing new and efficient radio resource planning algorithms for 3G, 4G and 5G systems. It extracts configuration and performance data from the network, enabling to accurately estimate cells coverage, identify neighboring cells and optimally plan scrambling codes (SCs) and physical cell identity (PCI) in 3G and 4G/5G networks, respectively. This implementation was integrated and is available in the commercial Metric Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) monitoring and planning tool. The cloud-based planning system is demonstrated in various canonical and realistic Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) scenarios, and compared to an algorithm previously used by Metric. For a small LTE realistic scenario consisting of 9 sites and 23 cells, it takes less than 0.6 seconds to perform the planning. For an UMTS realistic scenario with 12 484 unplanned cells, the planning is efficiently achieved, taking less than 8 seconds, and guaranteeing no collisions between first order neighboring cells. The proposed concept is proved, as this system, capable of automatically planning 3/4/5G realistic networks of multi-vendor equipment, makes Metric more attractive to the market.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

On Providing Energy-efficient Data Transmission to Mobile Devices

The transformation from telephony to mobile Internet has fundamentally changed the way we interact with the world by delivering ubiquitous Internet access and reasonable cost of connectivity. The mobile networks and Internet services are supportive of each other and together drive a fast development of new services and the whole ecosystem. As a result, the number of mobile subscribers has skyrocketed to a magnitude of billions, and the volume of mobile traffic has boomed up to a scale no-one has seen before with exponential growth predictions. However, the opportunities and problems are both rising. Therefore, to enable sustainable growth of the mobile Internet and continued mobile service adaption, this thesis proposes solutions to ensure that the reduction of overall environmental presence and the level of QoE are mutually addressed by providing energy-efficient data transmission to mobile devices. It is important to understand the characteristics of power consumption of mobile data transmission to find opportunities to balance the energy consumption and the growth of mobile services and the data volumes. This research started with power consumption measurements of various radio interfaces and investigations of the trade-off between computation and communication of modern mobile devices. Power consumption models, state machines and the conditions for energy-efficient mobile data transmission were proposed to guide the development of energy-saving solutions. This research has then employed the defined guideline to optimise data transmission for energy-efficient mobile web access. Proxy-based solutions are presented in this thesis, utilising several strategies: bundling-enabled traffic shaping to optimise TCP behaviour over congested wireless links and keep the radio interface in low power consumption states as much as possible, offloading HTTP-object fetching to shorten the time of DNS lookups and web content downloading, and applying selective compression on HTTP payload to further reduce energy consumption of mobile data transmission. As a result, the solutions dramatically reduce the energy consumption of mobile web access and download time, yet maintain or even increase user experience

Software-Defined Cloud Computing: Architectural Elements and Open Challenges

The variety of existing cloud services creates a challenge for service providers to enforce reasonable Software Level Agreements (SLA) stating the Quality of Service (QoS) and penalties in case QoS is not achieved. To avoid such penalties at the same time that the infrastructure operates with minimum energy and resource wastage, constant monitoring and adaptation of the infrastructure is needed. We refer to Software-Defined Cloud Computing, or simply Software-Defined Clouds (SDC), as an approach for automating the process of optimal cloud configuration by extending virtualization concept to all resources in a data center. An SDC enables easy reconfiguration and adaptation of physical resources in a cloud infrastructure, to better accommodate the demand on QoS through a software that can describe and manage various aspects comprising the cloud environment. In this paper, we present an architecture for SDCs on data centers with emphasis on mobile cloud applications. We present an evaluation, showcasing the potential of SDC in two use cases-QoS-aware bandwidth allocation and bandwidth-aware, energy-efficient VM placement-and discuss the research challenges and opportunities in this emerging area.Comment: Keynote Paper, 3rd International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI 2014), September 24-27, 2014, Delhi, Indi

MADServer: An Architecture for Opportunistic Mobile Advanced Delivery

Rapid increases in cellular data traffic demand creative alternative delivery vectors for data. Despite the conceptual attractiveness of mobile data offloading, no concrete web server architectures integrate intelligent offloading in a production-ready and easily deployable manner without relying on vast infrastructural changes to carriers’ networks. Delay-tolerant networking technology offers the means to do just this. We introduce MADServer, a novel DTN-based architecture for mobile data offloading that splits web con- tent among multiple independent delivery vectors based on user and data context. It enables intelligent data offload- ing, caching, and querying solutions which can be incorporated in a manner that still satisfies user expectations for timely delivery. At the same time, it allows for users who have poor or expensive connections to the cellular network to leverage multi-hop opportunistic routing to send and receive data. We also present a preliminary implementation of MADServer and provide real-world performance evaluations

When Things Matter: A Data-Centric View of the Internet of Things

With the recent advances in radio-frequency identification (RFID), low-cost wireless sensor devices, and Web technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) approach has gained momentum in connecting everyday objects to the Internet and facilitating machine-to-human and machine-to-machine communication with the physical world. While IoT offers the capability to connect and integrate both digital and physical entities, enabling a whole new class of applications and services, several significant challenges need to be addressed before these applications and services can be fully realized. A fundamental challenge centers around managing IoT data, typically produced in dynamic and volatile environments, which is not only extremely large in scale and volume, but also noisy, and continuous. This article surveys the main techniques and state-of-the-art research efforts in IoT from data-centric perspectives, including data stream processing, data storage models, complex event processing, and searching in IoT. Open research issues for IoT data management are also discussed

Establishing Peer-to-Peer Distributed File Sharing System With Mobile Host

Viimase kümne aasta jooksul on mobiilsed seadmed nagu näiteks nutitelefonid, sülearvutid, pihuarvutid jne saanud lahutamatuks osaks igapäeva elust. See aga on tekitanud nõudluse võimsamate, kiiremate ja energiasäästlikumate seadmete järgi. Lisaks on iOSi ja Androidi operatsioonisüsteemide väljalaske tõttu suurenenud nii mobiilirakenduste arv kui ka keerukus. Sarnane areng on toimunud ka veebiteenuste valdkonnas ja nutitelefonides on ligi-pääs veebiteenustele muutunud elementaarseks. See aga on viinud järgmise sammuni – veebiteenuste pakkumine otse nutitelefonidest. See kontseptsioon pole uus ja seda on põh-jalikult uurinud S. N. Srirama, kes pakkus välja Mobile Host (Mobiilne Veebiteenuse Pak-kuja) lahenduse 2006. aastal, ning mida on C. Paniagua uuendanud Android OS’ile aastal 2012 kasutades REST arhitektuuri ja OSGi’t. P2P (Peer-to-Peer ehk partnervõrk) põhinevad programmid nagu näiteks failide jagamine ja sõnumite saatmine on tänapäeval arvutikasutajate seas laialdaselt levinud. Ar-vutid üle maailma on ühendatud omavahel ja jagavad ressursse selles süsteemis ilma keskse serverita. Iga arvuti selles võrgus on võrdne sel moel, et on võimeline ligi pääsema ja alla laadima ressursse teistest masinatest selles süsteemis. Töö kirjeldab põgusalt Mobile Hosti, P2P arhitektuuri, valitud P2P BitTorrenti pro-tokolli ja kuidas neid tehnoloogiaid kasutati P2P hajusa failide jagamise süsteemi loomi-seks. Uurimuse käigus arendati välja hajus failide jagamise süsteem Mobile Hosti lisana kasutades BitTorrenti protokollil põhinevat C++ keeles kirjutatud Libtorrenti teeki. Valmi-nud programm on võimeline looma torrent faili, avama ja laadima ning jagama vastavaid faile. Lisaks on võimalik muuta failide hoiustamise asukohta ja määrata mõningaid ses-siooni seadeid nagu näiteks alla ja üles laadimise kiirust piirata ning porti määrata. Failide jagamise teenust pakkuvate seadmete otsingu lihtsustamiseks seati üles Apache SOLR 4.2.0 veebiteenus mcrlabs.net serverisse millega suhtlus käib automaatselt.Mobile devices such as tablets, PDAs, mobile phones etc. have developed rapidly during last decade and become inseparable part of people’s everyday life. These devices are equipped with embedded sensors, camera, touchscreen, more memory, powerful processor, mobile 3G and 4G networks and Wi-Fi capability as well as efficient power consumption mechanisms. These improvements have led to mobile devices being able to perform tasks that usually personal computers are capable of. What is more due to release of Android OS and iOS applications for such mobile devices have increased as well as their complexity. Being online has become ubiquitous as Wi-Fi and mobile data networks are available in most of the places. For example over 45% of world’s population is covered by 3G mobile network [2]. Needlessly to say that makes using web services form mobile devices a com-mon thing. Such improvements lead to next generation of services which can be provided not only from dedicated servers but also from mobile phones. The concept of mobile web services provisioning is not new and has been in the ground for some time. Srirama et al. proposed the concept of Mobile Host [3] in 2006 where the mobile device acts as service provider. Mobile Host enables seamless integration of user specific services to the enterprise by following web service standards, also on the radio link and via resources constrained smart phones. Moreover Mobile Host fosters the new generation of ubiquitous and context-aware applications enabling the consumption of web services anywhere at any time from the handset. Mobile Host has been updated to latest technologies like for example REST archi-tecture which replaced SOAP so web services would be focused on systems resources. Early versions of Mobile Host were developed in PersonalJava and J2ME and meant for Symbian devices but as now the biggest share in smart phones market is held by Android then Mobile Host was upgraded for that platform by Paniagua [4] in 2012. Contribution of this thesis was to develop Peer-to-Peer (P2P) distributed file shar-ing system to Mobile Host for Android. This feature comes in handy when we talk about services that enables file sharing. As Mobile Host by its nature can join or leave network at any moment then accessing files that client is interested in becomes critical as file to be downloaded would be offered only by one provider as in regular client-server architecture. P2P distributed file sharing capability for Mobile Host provides users more reliable file sharing environment in distributed manner as files are downloaded as pieces from all the online peers who have pieces of desired file. What is more, small metadata torrent files are hosted by Mobile Hosts and published as a service. This setup assures the independency from other platforms and hosts