Impact of transformational leadership on work performance, burnout and social loafing: a mediation model

The aim of this research was to study the effect of transformational leadership on employees’ work outcomes which include their work performances and working burnout, and their working behavior such as social loafing at workplace. Also, it studies the impact of intrinsic motivation as a mediator between transformational leadership and other stated variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data from 308 employees working in the telecommunication sector. To test the hypotheses, Model 4 of Process Hayes was used to test direct and mediating effects among transformational leadership and employees’ work outcomes and working behavior. The results showed that transformational leadership has a significant positive relationship with mediator intrinsic motivation. The results also concluded that work performance has positive significant relationship with transformational leadership. However, there is indirect and insignificant relationship of transformational leadership with working burnout and social loafing. Therefore, it can be stated that organizational leaders must have transformational attributes by getting informed of their employees well because transformational leader can inspire employees to achieve anticipated or significant outcomes. It gives employees self-confidence over specific jobs, as well as the power to make decisions once they have been trained

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Construction Project Team

The secret to a high-performance team is its capacity to formulate and agree on essential goals, objectives, and project plans while using the appropriate tools, techniques, and processes to carry out its work plan. One factor affecting team performance is each member's desire to work hard and be highly productive to achieve efficiency. This study uses a small-scale project in Denpasar City to investigate the relationship between team performance and motivation in building projects. The quantitative descriptive statistics study was carried out using partial least squares with SmartPLS 3.0. The analysis shows that extrinsic motivation, as opposed to self-actualization, communication, and other aspects, has a more substantial impact on increasing the motivation of the project team's workforce. Pay and fair compensation are necessary when handling projects for small contractors. Help increase employee motivation while enhancing team performanc

PENGARUH KOHESIVITAS TERHADAP SOCIAL LOAFING PADA MAHASISWA PENGURUS HIMA PRODI PSIKOLOGI KM FK UNAND

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya pengaruh kohesivitas terhadap social loafing pada mahasiswa pengurus organisasi Hima Prodi Psikologi KM FK Unand. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi linear sederhana. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 77 orang mahasiswa pengurus organisasi Hima Prodi Psikologi KM FK Unand. Partisipan didapatkan melalui teknik total population sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan adaptasi Social loafing Tendency Questionnaire (SLTQ) untuk mengukur variabel social loafing dan Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) untuk mengukur variabel kohesivitas. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa kohesivitas secara signifikan negatif berpengaruh terhadap social loafing pada mahasiswa pengurus organisasi Hima Prodi Psikologi KM FK Unand. Hasil tersebut dapat dilihat dari koefisien signifikansi yang bernilai .01 (p < .05). Koefisien R2 bernilai .086 yang berarti bahwa kohesivitas mempengaruhi social loafing mahasiswa pengurus organisasi Hima Prodi Psikologi KM FK Unand sebesar 8.6%. Sehingga apabila semakin tinggi tingkat kohesivitas pada suatu kelompok maka semakin rendah pula tingkat social loafing yang ada pada kelompok tersebut begitupun sebaliknya

How do tourism goal disclosure motivations drive Chinese tourists\u27 goal-directed behaviors? The influences of feedback valence, affective rumination, and emotional engagement

Based on self-determination theory and the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotion, this study investigated the motivations of disclosing tourism goals on social media and its impacts on Chinese tourists\u27 goal-directed behaviors (GDBs). We proposed and tested a mutual transformation model of tourism goal disclosure motivation under different conditions of feedback valence (positive vs. negative feedback) and examine the mediating role of tourists\u27 affective rumination and emotional engagement. The results revealed that tourists driven by extrinsic motivations develop a stronger emotional engagement in their tourism goals and exhibit more GDBs after receiving positive feedback on their disclosed tourism goals. However, negative feedback disclosed goals lowers GDBs and leads to affective rumination about tourism goals among those with intrinsic motivations. This study provides theoretical and practical implications for destination marketers to adopt marketing strategies based on the findings

The Compass, Issue 2

Issue 2 of The Compass, a scholarly journal edited and produced by students in the Arcadia University Honors Program

A Predictive Correlational Study of Collegiate Educational Leader\u27s Cultural Orientations and Their Cultural Intelligence Scores

A predictive correlational study was conducted to determine predictive capabilities between collegiate educational leader’s horizontal collectivism scores and their motivational cultural intelligence scores. While researchers have used cultural intelligence (CQ) and cultural orientations (CO) as theoretical frameworks in previous studies, this study relies heavily on Robert Bandura’s social learning theory (SLT). The differentiation in theoretical framework indicates that a group’s social norms, religious customs, and their cultural constructs are learned through direct experience within their communal upbringing or learned through observing others. Therefore, just as these cultural responses to external stimuli were learned, they can be unlearned, and relearned to fit appropriately to promote inclusivity in a setting that encompasses diversity. For this study, 62 participants were selected using judgement sampling through 22 different four-year colleges and universities within the Eastern region of the United States. Participants took part in one survey that contained two electronic instruments: Individualism and Collectivism Scale (INDCOL); and the Electronic Cultural Intelligence Scale (E-CQS). Following data collection, the researcher used a multiple linear regression to predict overall HC scores from intrinsic motivation (IM), extrinsic motivation (EM), and self-efficacy to adjust (SA) scores. Results revealed that overall EM was statistically significant to OHC scores. Further research is required with measuring CQ to CO within the context of higher education

An Examination of Enterprise Social Media and its Impact on Employees in a Global Corporate Organization

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore perceptions on the impact enterprise social media has on employees in a global corporate organization with a geographically diverse workforce. The 15 study participants were part of three select groups of a global corporate organization, each with differing levels of geographic distribution. There were three instruments used in this study to maximize the acquisition of information from the study participants: a written survey, one-on-one interviews with each study participant, and a focus group where multiple study participants were permitted to share their perceptions on the use and effectiveness of enterprise social media in the workplace. The findings from the research show that as the workplace becomes more geographically distributed and the number of employees working from home increases, enterprise social media is a tool that can help support the challenges of employee communication, collaboration, and connection. A geographically diverse workplace can leave employees with a sense of disconnectedness impacting their overall performance. When employees feel engaged by the organization they work for, they are more motivated to connect with others, share new ideas and innovations, collaborate with other employees, and participate more actively in the employee socialization process. The findings from this study could provide direction for corporate leadership to take advantage of enterprise social media’s impacts on collaboration, communication, and connectedness

Unravelling the Influence of Online Social Context on Consumer Health Information Technology (CHIT) Implementations

While health information technology research has examined a variety of topics (e.g., adoption and assimilation of technology within healthcare organizations, critical success factors), it has remained unclear how the uniqueness of the online context (e.g., users connecting with strangers for social and emotional support) influences consumer health information technology (CHIT) implementations. Towards this goal, this dissertation examines the influence of online social context on CHIT implementations and outcomes. Using theories from social psychology, this dissertation encompasses two empirical research essays. The first essay draws on the environmental enrichment concept to examine the influential role of the online social context of a gamified CHIT on its success. By surveying existing fitness technology users, we demonstrate the influence of the social context enabled by CHITs on behavioral adherence to exercise. The second essay draws on construal level theory to examine the influence of textual information (such as race, geographic location) in online patient communities on a user’s trust of the community and the system as well as their intentions to participate in them. Using randomized experiments, we identify some of the propinquity-related factors that influence a user’s trust in online patient communities. The key contribution of this dissertation is the advancement of our understanding of the important role played by the social context enabled by the CHITs

A multi-method inquiry on online communities

This dissertation studies the behavioral characteristics of participants engaged in information exchange in the context of online communities. Online communities are defined as collectives of individuals that use computer mediated communication to facilitate interaction over a shared purpose and/or objective. It is argued that this interaction creates externalities, for example, in the form of codified information that others can use through web search tools. These externalities assemble a virtual form of social capital, a commonly shared resource. The research objective of this thesis is to examine how the behavioral tendencies of the participants in online communities are affected by the way this common resource is formatted, administered and shared. The dissertation consists of two parts: a theoretical part where the empirical background and the object of research inquiry is highlighted, and an empirical part which consists of four empirical studies carried out in the context of three online communities, namely, Google Answers, Yahoo!Answers and Amazon Online Reviews. The empirical part of this dissertation starts with a controlled experiment emulating a well known social dilemma: the public goods game. It provides substance as to whether and when participants in online communities behave (un) cooperatively. The next two studies focus on a special case of online communities where participants ask questions and other participants post answers conditionally on social and monetary incentives. The results of these two studies confirm that community participants do care about the contributions of others and engage in incentive compatible behavior. Yahoo!Answers participants exercise effort in the community by posting answers to questions conditionally on benefits provided by other participants. The empirical findings show that contributing participants in an online community receive answers faster, while those that do not contribute much effort are sanctioned in the form of longer response-time to their questions. In Google Answers this thesis, interactions can be observed that are based on monetary rewards (rather than social rewards in the form of a reputation index as in Yahoo Answers). Participants make use of voluntarily awarded payoffs (tips) along with stated rewards, in order to motivate those that provide answers (answerers) to provide better quality in their responses. The findings of this study confirm the symmetric effect between monetary rewards and quality. However, this study also identifies cases where social norms have a significant effect on response behavior. When participants seek to get better service with less effort (in terms of total cost), a reputation index which is constructed by the history of their previous interactions supports such an attempt. In other words, reputation history influences information sharing behavior in online communities. The last chapter of the empirical part focuses on another crucial aspect of information as a shared resource: Clarity and understandability. The study examines online product reviews on Amazon.com. The results suggest that participants do care about the clarity of this codified form of experience which increases a helpfulness index accordingly. The thesis overall finds symmetric effects between participation in online communities and output of interaction, but also identifies the ability of the participants to interact strategically as they seek to minimize the effort they provide in order to find the information they seek. The results underline the importance of signaling and quality evaluation mechanisms as counter-balancing control that can enhance activity on online communities