Background auditory stimuli effect on memorizing tasks performance based on electroencephalography

Listening to music/sound during study can give positive and negative influence on human cognitive processing. Thus, it has attracted researchers to conduct studies using various types of sound stimuli. Some researchers believe that Mozart music and white noise are able to give positive influence on cognitive performance. However, most of the past studies gave more attention towards spatial task. Very little studies have been made on the effect of Mozart music and white noise towards memorizing task. Besides, the effect of these sounds on task difficulty has also not been studied deeply. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mozart music and white noise on memory performance with different task difficulty levels in order to propose an effective background stimuli condition for memorization. Experiments have been conducted involving 60 adults that required them to memorize the visual memory task with two difficulty levels; i.e. easy and difficult. Brain signal was recorded during memorization duration using 10-20 electrode placement system of electroencephalography (EEG) machine. EEG is a neurological test for measuring and recording the electrical activity of the brain. The effect of sound stimuli on memory performance was evaluated based on memorization test score and brain activity. The wavelet approach was used in processing the EEG data. Based on the memorizing test score result, the subjects are able to memorize better when listening to white noise (easy: mean = 8.561; difficult: mean = 4.228) compared to Mozart music (easy: mean = 8.070; difficult: mean = 3.632) at different difficulty levels. Listening to auditory background stimuli can influence the electroencephalography pattern and brain activity. The level of attention, thinking, alertness and input information processing increases when listening to white noise which cause the increase of relative gamma and beta power. Thus, in this study, it is found that listening to white noise is far more effective in memorizing process compared to Mozart music

Neuromarketing and Evaluation of Cognitive and Emotional Responses of Consumers to Marketing Stimuli.

AbstractThe effect that certain publicity campaigns, brands and products have upon us, from a cognitive and emotional point of view, is being assessed, by measuring the attention, the encoding and the emotional engagement. This article has investigated the literature regarding the neuromarketing tools, methods and specific techniques. Given that neuromarketing has borrowed a series of neuroscience-specific methods and techniques, the neuromarketing or consumer's neuroscience represents a passing from marketing specific instruments, such as the focus group, the observation, the direct enquiry, the interview to a series of instruments which record both the brain's electrical activity and the metabolic activity

Relations between cognitive ability and creative design quality

The study aims to identify the relations between creative design quality and content of the memorising precedents, association, and combination of information processes in a design context. 71 participants were recruited to finish a creative design task. Think aloud and interview were conducted during and after the creative design task to understand the content of the memorising precedents, association, and combination of information processes. The 71 creative designs were then assessed by five experts in creative design. The results from this study revealed that participants who generated high-creativity design tend to memorize various topic-related precedents, associate items based on topic-related information, and combine topic-related information with products. Participants who generated low-creativity design tend to memorize characteristics of a specific space of the design topic, associate items based on specific topic-related information, and add the topic-related pattern to a product

Minding the mind

How scientists study our changing brains

Advanced spike sorting approaches in implantable VLSI wireless brain computer interfaces: a survey

Brain Computer/Machine Interfaces (BCI/BMIs) have substantial potential for enhancing the lives of disabled individuals by restoring functionalities of missing body parts or allowing paralyzed individuals to regain speech and other motor capabilities. Due to severe health hazards arising from skull incisions required for wired BCI/BMIs, scientists are focusing on developing VLSI wireless BCI implants using biomaterials. However, significant challenges, like power efficiency and implant size, persist in creating reliable and efficient wireless BCI implants. With advanced spike sorting techniques, VLSI wireless BCI implants can function within the power and size constraints while maintaining neural spike classification accuracy. This study explores advanced spike sorting techniques to overcome these hurdles and enable VLSI wireless BCI/BMI implants to transmit data efficiently and achieve high accuracy.Comment: Submitted to 37th International Conference on VLSI Design 202

Effect of audiovisual stimulation on adult memory performance based electroencephalography wavelet analysis

Human memory stores various information and events that can be retrieved when needed. Many factors can influence memory performance which either provide positive or negative feedback. This research investigates the effect of audiovisual stimulation on adult memory based on electroencephalography (EEG) analysis. Sixty college students are participating in this experimental study. They must memorize visual assessment at two different levels in Mozart's Sonata music and white noise stimulation. During memorizing duration, the EEG machine records brain electrical activity based on 10–20 electrode placement. The collected raw brain signals are processed using the wavelet-based method. The stationary wavelet transform (SWT) is used for artifact elimination, whereas discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is applied to obtain alpha, beta, theta, and gamma rhythms. The time–frequency domain features are collected from the EEG signals to discover the influence of audiovisual stimulation. The findings showed a different increasing and decreasing trend of mean, standard deviation, and peak-to-peak EEG signal amplitude before and after audiovisual stimulation exposure. The theta and alpha rhythms showed the most influence with the highest relative power. Suppression of relative gamma and beta power is vital for improving visual information processing and attention level. Memorizing in audio stimulation has suppressed the relative alpha, beta, theta, and gamma power, leading to better visual memorizing ability. The white noise stimulation provides more influence on adult visual memory

Слияние микроэлектроники и нервной системы человека

The main theoretical aspects necessary for understanding the functioning of biological neural networks for the purpose of their subsequent reproduction in the form of equivalent electronic devices are considered in the article. The devices used for the last 4 years for direct interaction with neurons and their drawbacks are considered, as well as a model of a flexible and effective device, that does not face the problems discussed and allows interacting directly with the human nervous system at several levels.Рассмотрены основные теоретические аспекты, необходимые для понимания функционирования биологических нейронных сетей с целью их последующего воспроизводства в виде эквивалентных электронных устройств. Рассмотрены устройства, применяемые последние 4 года для прямого взаимодействия с нейронами, их недостатки, а также предложена модель гибкого и эффективного устройства, не сталкивающегося с рассмотренными проблемами и позволяющего на нескольких уровнях взаимодействовать напрямую с нервной системой человека

Study and experimentation of cognitive decline measurements in a virtual reality environment

À l’heure où le numérique s’est totalement imposé dans notre quotidien, nous pouvons nous demander comment évolue notre bien-être. La réalité virtuelle hautement immersive permet de développer des environnements propices à la relaxation qui peuvent améliorer les capacités cognitives et la qualité de vie de nombreuses personnes. Le premier objectif de cette étude est de réduire les émotions négatives et améliorer les capacités cognitives des personnes souffrant de déclin cognitif subjectif (DCS). À cette fin, nous avons développé un environnement de réalité virtuelle appelé Savannah VR, où les participants ont suivi un avatar à travers une savane. Nous avons recruté dix-neuf personnes atteintes de DCS pour participer à l’expérience virtuelle de la savane. Le casque Emotiv Epoc a capturé les émotions des participants pendant toute l’expérience virtuelle. Les résultats montrent que l’immersion dans la savane virtuelle a réduit les émotions négatives des participants et que les effets positifs ont continué par la suite. Les participants ont également amélioré leur performance cognitive. La confusion se manifeste souvent au cours de l’apprentissage lorsque les élèves ne comprennent pas de nouvelles connaissances. C’est un état qui est également très présent chez les personnes atteintes de démence à cause du déclin de leurs capacités cognitives. Détecter et surmonter la confusion pourrait ainsi améliorer le bien-être et les performances cognitives des personnes atteintes de troubles cognitifs. Le deuxième objectif de ce mémoire est donc de développer un outil pour détecter la confusion. Nous avons mené deux expérimentations et obtenu un modèle d’apprentissage automatique basé sur les signaux du cerveau pour reconnaître quatre niveaux de confusion (90% de précision). De plus, nous avons créé un autre modèle pour reconnaître la fonction cognitive liée à la confusion (82 % de précision).At a time when digital technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, we can ask ourselves how our well-being is evolving. Highly immersive virtual reality allows the development of environments that promote relaxation and can improve the cognitive abilities and quality of life of many people. The first aim of this study is to reduce the negative emotions and improve the cognitive abilities of people suffering from subjective cognitive decline (SCD). To this end, we have developed a virtual reality environment called Savannah VR, where participants followed an avatar across a savannah. We recruited nineteen people with SCD to participate in the virtual savannah experience. The Emotiv Epoc headset captured their emotions for the entire virtual experience. The results show that immersion in the virtual savannah reduced the negative emotions of the participants and that the positive effects continued afterward. Participants also improved their cognitive performance. Confusion often occurs during learning when students do not understand new knowledge. It is a state that is also very present in people with dementia because of the decline in their cognitive abilities. Detecting and overcoming confusion could thus improve the well-being and cognitive performance of people with cognitive impairment. The second objective of this paper is, therefore, to develop a tool to detect confusion. We conducted two experiments and obtained a machine learning model based on brain signals to recognize four levels of confusion (90% accuracy). In addition, we created another model to recognize the cognitive function related to the confusion (82% accuracy)