22,686 research outputs found
Efficient Analysis of Complex Diagrams using Constraint-Based Parsing
This paper describes substantial advances in the analysis (parsing) of
diagrams using constraint grammars. The addition of set types to the grammar
and spatial indexing of the data make it possible to efficiently parse real
diagrams of substantial complexity. The system is probably the first to
demonstrate efficient diagram parsing using grammars that easily be retargeted
to other domains. The work assumes that the diagrams are available as a flat
collection of graphics primitives: lines, polygons, circles, Bezier curves and
text. This is appropriate for future electronic documents or for vectorized
diagrams converted from scanned images. The classes of diagrams that we have
analyzed include x,y data graphs and genetic diagrams drawn from the biological
literature, as well as finite state automata diagrams (states and arcs). As an
example, parsing a four-part data graph composed of 133 primitives required 35
sec using Macintosh Common Lisp on a Macintosh Quadra 700.Comment: 9 pages, Postscript, no fonts, compressed, uuencoded. Composed in
MSWord 5.1a for the Mac. To appear in ICDAR '95. Other versions at
ftp://ftp.ccs.neu.edu/pub/people/futrell
Issues on topics
The present volume contains papers that bear mainly on issues concerning the topic concept. This concept is of course very broad and diverse. Also, different views are expressed in this volume. Some authors concentrate on the status of topics and non-topics in so-called topic prominent languages (i.e. Chinese), others focus on the syntactic behavior of topical constituents in specific European languages (German, Greek, Romance languages). The last contribution tries to bring together the concept of discourse topic (a non-syntactic notion) and the concept of sentence topic, i.e. that type of topic that all the preceding papers are concerned with
On past participle agreement in transitive clauses in French
This paper provides a Minimalist analysis of past participle agreement in French in transitive
clauses. Our account posits that the head v of vP in such structures carries an (accusativeassigning) structural case feature which may apply (with or without concomitant agreement)
to case-mark a clause-mate object, the subject of a defective complement clause, or an
intermediate copy of a preposed subject in spec-CP. In structures where a goal is extracted
from vP (e.g. via wh-movement) v also carries an edge feature, and may also carry a
specificity feature and a set of (number and gender) agreement features. We show how these
assumptions account for agreement of a participle with a preposed specific clausemate object
or defective-clause subject, and for the absence of agreement with an embedded object, with
the complement of an impersonal verb, and with the subject of an embedded (finite or nonfinite) CP complement. We also argue that the absence of agreement marking (in expected
contexts) on the participles faitmade and laissélet in infinitive structures is essentially viral in
nature. Finally, we claim that obligatory participle agreement with reflexive and reciprocal
objects arises because the derivation of reflexives involves A-movement and concomitant
agreement
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