The Paroxetine 352 Bipolar Study Revisited: Deconstruction of Corporate and Academic Misconduct

Medical ghostwriting is the practice in which pharmaceutical companies engage an outside writer to draft a manuscript submitted for publication in the names of “honorary authors,” typically academic key opinion leaders. Using newly-posted documents from paroxetine litigation, we show how the use of ghostwriters and key opinion leaders contributed to the publication of a medical journal article containing manipulated outcome data to favor the proprietary medication. The article was ghostwritten and managed by SmithKline Beecham, now GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and Scientific Therapeutics Information, Inc. without acknowledging their contribution in the published article. The named authors with financial ties to GSK, had little or no direct involvement in the paroxetine 352 bipolar trial results and most had not reviewed any of the manuscript drafts. The manuscript was originally rejected by peer review; however, its ultimate acceptance to the American Journal of Psychiatry was facilitated by the journal editor who also had financial ties to GSK. Thus, GSK was able to take an under-powered and non-informative trial with negative results and present it as a positive marketing vehicle for off-label promotion of paroxetine for bipolar depression. In addition to the commercial spin of paroxetine efficacy, important protocol-designated safety data were unreported that may have shown paroxetine to produce potentially harmful adverse events

Brandright

Trademark law is guilty of overprotection. This overprotection pits both a company’s in-house attorneys against its own marketing professionals and the company itself against its most loyal customers. The result appears illogical, at best, to consumers witnessing the effects of this clash between a company’s marketing needs and perceived legal requirements

The Papal Encyclical \u3cem\u3eLaudato Si’\u3c/em\u3e: A Focus on Sustainability Attentive to the Poor

This article seeks to reflect upon Laudato Si’, the papal encyclical on ecology and sustainable development, and uncover its apparent philosophical and practical approach to the environment. It begins with a discussion of paradigms of thought that outline the new ecological paradigm (NEP) suggested in the ecological literature, thereby helping to situate the ecosophy of Laudato Si’ within current thought. As we will show, Laudato Si’ differs from the NEP by linking the poor to our approach to sustainability and in its consideration of integral ecology. Specific principles for sustainability in business are then identified and strategic approaches are recommended, as are guidelines for an eco-justice approach to business and business education

SUPER: Towards the Use of Social Sensors for Security Assessments and Proactive Management of Emergencies

Social media statistics during recent disasters (e.g. the 20 million tweets relating to 'Sandy' storm and the sharing of related photos in Instagram at a rate of 10/sec) suggest that the understanding and management of real-world events by civil protection and law enforcement agencies could benefit from the effective blending of social media information into their resilience processes. In this paper, we argue that despite the widespread use of social media in various domains (e.g. marketing/branding/finance), there is still no easy, standardized and effective way to leverage different social media streams -- also referred to as social sensors -- in security/emergency management applications. We also describe the EU FP7 project SUPER (Social sensors for secUrity assessments and Proactive EmeRgencies management), started in 2014, which aims to tackle this technology gap

Social networks and international relations in the tourism sector

Dossiê temático Relações Internacionais e Redes SociaisEl turismo es un fenómeno social y científico. A partir de aquí, su conocimiento debe enfocarse desde una visión integral y no limitarlo a una sola disciplina o conjunto de ellas por separado, ya que es multidisciplinar. El papel de las Relaciones internacionales en el turismo es un fenómeno de grandes consecuencias económicas, sociales, culturales y ambientales, que puede condicionar el comportamiento del turista y del sector turístico en su conjunto. La pandemia provocada por la covid-19 ha afectado a toda la población mundial, a los principales motores económicos de todos y cada uno de los países y a las Relaciones internacionales derivadas del sector turístico. El coronavirus no solo ha afectado a las personas que se encuentran bajo sus efectos, sino que ha cambiado la percepción global de la realidad al igual que los medios de información se han visto forzados a crear una nueva manera de comunicar. Por su parte, las redes sociales han supuesto la vía más rápida y sencilla en la difusión de todo tipo de información y desinformación, adoptando nuevos formatos y nuevas medidas anti bulos (fake news). Han sido eficaces y se identifica que gracias a las diferentes plataformas los ciudadanos se han encontrado algo más arropados, comprendidos y han recibido información sobre lo que ocurre alrededor de sus vidas. Debido al cierre de fronteras y a la disminución de vuelos, el turismo mundial sufre graves consecuencias y por todo ello, la incidencia del coronavirus en la economía y las Relaciones internacionales son protagonistas de una difícil realidad y una pronta y esperada recuperación.Tourism is a social and scientific phenomenon. From here, its knowledge must be approached from a complete vision and not limited to a single discipline or set of them separately, since it is multidisciplinary. The role of international relations in tourism is a phenomenon with great economic, social, cultural, and environmental consequences, which can condition the behavior of tourists and the tourism sector as a whole. The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has affected the entire world population, the main economic engines of each and every one of the countries and international relations derived from the tourism sector. The coronavirus has not only affected the people who are under its effects, but it has also changed the global perception of reality just as the media have been forced to create a new way of communicating. Meanwhile, social networks have been the fastest and easiest way to disseminate all kinds of information and misinformation, adopting new formats and new anti-hoax measures (fake news). They have been effective and it is identified that thanks to the different platforms, citizens have found themselves somewhat more sheltered, understood and have received information about what is happening around their lives. Due to the closure of borders and the decrease in flights, worldwide tourism suffers serious consequences and for all this, the incidence of the coronavirus in the economy and international relations are protagonists of a difficult reality and a prompt and expected recovery

Editorial: research methods and management

This article introduces a virtual special issue comprising a selection of innovative and highly-cited articles recently published on methodological questions in the British Journal of Management (BJM). In an initial context section, it is argued that while management research has drawn on methods from the core social sciences, it has cast its net wider to adopt methods from subjects and fields on the edge of the social sciences as they are normally conceived. These have also been important. It has in turn made significant methodological contributions both to those subjects and fields, and indeed more widely. The contributions of the articles selected for inclusion in the special issue are delineated within this broad context

Confronting the Ghost: Legal Strategies to Oust Medical Ghostwriters

Articles published in medical journals contribute significantly to public health by disseminating medical information to physicians, thereby influencing prescribing practices. However, the information guiding treatment decisions becomes distorted by selective publishing and medical ghostwriting, which negatively affects overall patient care. Although there is general consensus in the medical community that these practices of publication bias represent a moral failing, the issue is rarely framed as a wrong that necessitates legal consequences. This Note takes the stance that medical ghostwriting constitutes an act prohibited under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) and argues that physicians fraudulently named as authors should be held civilly liable under RICO. This Note explores civil RICO, its origin, its legislative and judicial history, and the evolution of RICO to areas beyond traditional organized crime. By applying the elements of civil RICO to medical ghostwriting, this Note argues that physicians named as authors who knowingly fail to fulfill journal authorship criteria should be held accountable for their role in disseminating misleading medical information. This Note argues that, at the very least, current regulations governing the medical publication framework should be better enforced and revised to mandate authorship disclosure

Beyond Conventional Strategies: The Untapped Potential of Entrepreneurial Marketing for Moroccan Companies

The study of entrepreneurial marketing (EM) has gained prominence in exploring the relationship between entrepreneurship and marketing. The purpose of this paper is to delve into the field of entrepreneurial marketing (EM) and present the foundational concepts that have led to the emergence of EM as an independent research field. The paper explores the intersection between entrepreneurship and marketing while shedding light on key theories and perspectives of entrepreneurial marketing such as the effectuation theory, and the S-D logic. Moreover, the paper investigates the role of EM in mitigating uncertainty, particularly within the context of post-disaster recovery scenarios. Overall, this paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge on entrepreneurial marketing. Future research opportunities are highlighted, particularly within the realm of Moroccan SMEs, to further advance the understanding and application of entrepreneurial marketing strategies.   Keywords: Entrepreneurial marketing, uncertainty, crisis, literature review, marketing, entrepreneurship JEL Classification: L26; M31 Paper type: Theoretical ResearchL'objectif de cet article consiste à approfondir la sphère du marketing entrepreneurial (ME) et à présenter les concepts fondamentaux qui ont conduit à l'émergence du ME en tant que domaine de recherche autonome. Cette étude explore le point de convergence entre l’entrepreneuriat et le marketing tout en éclairant les principales théories et perspectives du marketing entrepreneurial, notamment la théorie de l'effectuation et la logique S-D. Par ailleurs, cette étude se penche sur le rôle du ME dans la gestion de l'incertitude, particulièrement dans le contexte de scénarios de reprise post-catastrophe. Dans son ensemble, cet article contribue à l'enrichissement du corpus de connaissances en matière de marketing entrepreneurial. Des perspectives de recherche à venir sont mises en exergue, notamment dans le contexte des petites et moyennes entreprises marocaines, afin de favoriser une meilleure compréhension et application des stratégies du marketing entrepreneurial.   Mots clés : Marketing Entrepreneurial, Incertitude, Crise, Revue de la littérature, marketing, entrepreneuriat JEL Classification : L26 ; M31Type du papier : Recherche théoriqu

New challenges for business actors and positive heuristics

Purpose: The purpose of this guest editorial is to present an overview of the contributions in this special issue and proposes a positive approach to heuristics deriving from the growing interest in the decision-making topic with respect to the new challenges emerging in uncertain environments in management and marketing research. Design/methodology/approach: The authors explore the reasons for a positive view of business actors' judgments and choices based on heuristics, not only in terms of effectiveness in practice, but their fit with human cognition and behavior, and the potential distinctiveness in contexts where technological devices and algorithms are more widespread, but not necessarily more appropriate. Findings: The authors present and discuss the emergence and evolution of heuristics as a topic in the management literature, and the themes and insights proposed in the papers published in this special issue contributing to research aimed at systemizing a managerial perspective of the concepts and tools that may be useful for practitioners and researchers in this field. Originality/value: The paper discusses the positive role that heuristics can play, offering some propositions for future research by framing heuristics as a set of tools (toolbox) for business actors in uncertain contexts, without constituting a cognitive limitation for effective solutions

IMPACT: The Journal of the Center for Interdisciplinary Teaching and Learning. Volume 5, Issue 2, Summer 2016

Impact: The Journal of the Center for Interdisciplinary Teaching & Learning is a peer-reviewed, biannual online journal that publishes scholarly and creative non-fiction essays about the theory, practice and assessment of interdisciplinary education. Impact is produced by the Center for Interdisciplinary Teaching & Learning at the College of General Studies, Boston University (www.bu.edu/cgs/citl)