29,759 research outputs found

    Elite perceptions of the Victorian and Edwardian past in inter-war England

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    It is often argued by historians that members of the cultivated Elite after 1918 rejected the pre-war past. or at least subjected it to severe denigration. This thesis sets out to challenge such a view. Above all, it argues that inter-war critics of the Victorian and Edwardian past were unable to reject it even if that was what they felt inclined to do. This was because they were tied to those periods by the affective links of memory, family, and the continually unfolding consequences of the past in the present. Even the severest critics of the pre-war world, such as Lytton Strachey, were less frequently dismissive of history than ambivalent towards it. This ambivalence, it is argued, helped to keep the past alive and often to humanise it. The thesis also explores more positive estimation of Victorian and Edwardian history between the wars. It examines nostalgia for the past, as well as instances of continuity of practice and attitude. It explores the way in which inter-war society drew upon aspects of Victorian and Edwardian history both as illuminating parallels to contemporary affairs and to understand directly why the present was shaped as it was. Again, this testifies to the enduring power of the past after 1918. There are three parts to this thesis. Part One outlines the cultural context in which writers contemplated the Victorian and Edwardian past. Part Two explores some of the ways in which history was written about and used by inter-war society. Part Three examines the ways in which biographical depictions of eminent Victorians after 1918 encouraged emotional negotiation with the pas

    Message Journal, Issue 5: COVID-19 SPECIAL ISSUE Capturing visual insights, thoughts and reflections on 2020/21 and beyond...

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    If there is a theme running through the Message Covid-19 special issue, it is one of caring. Of our own and others’ resilience and wellbeing, of friendship and community, of students, practitioners and their futures, of social justice, equality and of doing the right thing. The veins of designing with care run through the edition, wide and deep. It captures, not designers as heroes, but those with humble views, exposing the need to understand a diversity of perspectives when trying to comprehend the complexity that Covid-19 continues to generate. As graphic designers, illustrators and visual communicators, contributors have created, documented, written, visualised, reflected, shared, connected and co-created, designed for good causes and re-defined what it is to be a student, an academic and a designer during the pandemic. This poignant period in time has driven us, through isolation, towards new rules of living, and new ways of working; to see and map the world in a different light. A light that is uncertain, disjointed, and constantly being redefined. This Message issue captures responses from the graphic communication design community in their raw state, to allow contributors to communicate their experiences through both their written and visual voice. Thus, the reader can discern as much from the words as the design and visualisations. Through this issue a substantial number of contributions have focused on personal reflection, isolation, fear, anxiety and wellbeing, as well as reaching out to community, making connections and collaborating. This was not surprising in a world in which connection with others has often been remote, and where ‘normal’ social structures of support and care have been broken down. We also gain insight into those who are using graphic communication design to inspire and capture new ways of teaching and learning, developing themselves as designers, educators, and activists, responding to social justice and to do good; gaining greater insight into society, government actions and conspiracy. Introduction: Victoria Squire - Coping with Covid: Community, connection and collaboration: James Alexander & Carole Evans, Meg Davies, Matthew Frame, Chae Ho Lee, Alma Hoffmann, Holly K. Kaufman-Hill, Joshua Korenblat, Warren Lehrer, Christine Lhowe, Sara Nesteruk, Cat Normoyle & Jessica Teague, Kyuha Shim. - Coping with Covid: Isolation, wellbeing and hope: Sadia Abdisalam, Tom Ayling, Jessica Barness, Megan Culliford, Stephanie Cunningham, Sofija Gvozdeva, Hedzlynn Kamaruzzaman, Merle Karp, Erica V. P. Lewis, Kelly Salchow Macarthur, Steven McCarthy, Shelly Mayers, Elizabeth Shefrin, Angelica Sibrian, David Smart, Ane Thon Knutsen, Isobel Thomas, Darryl Westley. - Coping with Covid: Pedagogy, teaching and learning: Bernard J Canniffe, Subir Dey, Aaron Ganci, Elizabeth Herrmann, John Kilburn, Paul Nini, Emily Osborne, Gianni Sinni & Irene Sgarro, Dave Wood, Helena Gregory, Colin Raeburn & Jackie Malcolm. - Coping with Covid: Social justice, activism and doing good: Class Action Collective, Xinyi Li, Matt Soar, Junie Tang, Lisa Winstanley. - Coping with Covid: Society, control and conspiracy: Diana Bîrhală, Maria Borțoi, Patti Capaldi, Tânia A. Cardoso, Peter Gibbons, Bianca Milea, Rebecca Tegtmeyer, Danne Wo

    The interpretation of Islam and nationalism by the elite through the English language media in Pakistan.

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    The media is constructed and interpreted through what people 'know'. That knowledge is, forthe most part, created through day to day experiences. In Pakistan, Islam and nationalism aretwo components of this social knowledge which are intrinsically tied to the experiences of thePakistani people. Censorship and selection are means through which this knowledge isarticulated and interpreted.General conceptions of partially shared large scale bodies of knowledge and ideas reinforce,and are reinforced by, general medium of mass communication: the print and electronic media.Focusing on the govermnent, media institutions and Pakistani elites, I describe and analyse thedifferent, sometimes conflicting, interpretations of Islam and Pakistani nationalism manifest inand through media productions presented in Pakistan.The media means many things, not least of which is power. It is the media as a source ofpower that is so frequently controlled, directed and manipulated. The terminology may beslightly different according to the context within which one is talking - propaganda, selection,etc. - but ultimately it comes down to the same thing - censorship. Each of the three groups:government, media institutions and Pakistani elites - have the power to interpret and censormedia content and consideration must be taken of each of the other power holders consequentlyrestricting the power of each group in relation to the other two. The processes of thismanipulation and their consequences form the major themes of this thesis

    Photography and Aesthetics: a critical study on visual and textual narratives in the lifework of Sergio Larraín and its impact in 20th century Europe and Latin America

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    The main focus of this study is a theoretical exploration of critical approaches applicable to the work of the Chilean photographer Sergio Larraín (1931-2012). It presents analytical tools to contextualise and understand the importance and impact of his work in photographic studies and his portrayal of twentieth-century Latin American and European culture. It inspects in depth a large portion of his photo work, which is still only partially published and mostly reduced to his "active" period as a photojournalist, aside from the personal photographic exploration of his early and late career (C. Mena). This extended material creates a broader scope for understanding his photographs and him as a canonical photographer. This study analyses the photographer's trajectory as discourses of recollection of historical memory in time (Mauad) to trace Larraín's collective memory associated with his visual production. Such analysis helps decode his visual imagery and his projection and impact on the European and Latin American culture. This strategy helps solve a two fold problem: firstly, it generates an interpretive consistency to understand the Chilean's photographic practice; secondly, it explores the power of images as an aesthetic experience in the installation of nationalist ideologies and the creation of imaginaries (B. Anderson 163)

    Executive Board Editor\u27s Note

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    Theorising Christian Anarchism A Political Commentary on the Gospel

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    This thesis argues that there is a tradition in political theology and in political theory that deserves to be called "Christian anarchism." The various thinkers that contribute to this tradition have never before been considered to be part of a theoretical movement or tradition, and the originality of this thesis is to weave these thinkers together and present a generic theory of Christian anarchism. . Taken together, thinkers like Tolstoy, Ellul, Elliott and Andrews put forward a comprehensive exegesis of Jesus' teaching and example as implying a critique of the state and a vision of a stateless society. Based on this understanding of the Gospel, they accuse both the state and the church of contradicting, betraying and corrupting the essence of Christianity. Some Christian anarchists - Eller in particular - even see Romans 13 and the "render unto Caesar" passage as not discrediting but indeed confirming their interpretation, and although more activist Christian anarchists sometimes disagree on the potential role of civil disobedience, they do all stress that what matters above all is obedience to God Moreover, they all call for the "true" church to lead the Christian anarchist revolution by example, despite the very demanding sacrifices which this involves. They point to numerous examples of similar witness ever since the early church, and themselves strive to emulate such examples in their own lives - the Catholic Worker movement being perhaps the most notable example in this regard Thus, Christian anarchist thinkers' critique of the current order and appeal to follow God's radical commandments echoes the voices of the prophets of old, calling society to return to God's covenant. By weaving their scattered voices together - by theorising Christian anarchism - this thesis provides a political commentary on the Gospel which contributes as much to political theory as it does to political theology

    Development of Evidence Based Factors to Enhance Safety Behaviour in Oil and Gas Industry in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

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    The Nigeria’s economy has benefited enormously from its oil and gas sector. However, despite the economic impact accrued to the nation from the sector, there are still safety and health concerns among its employees. Unsafe behaviour mainly influenced by poor safety culture escalates the risk of injuries and accidents at workplaces and requires proper management. This study aimed to evaluate safety behaviour and its impact on safety performance among Nigeria oil and gas workers. To achieve this aim, both quantitative and qualitative research methods were adopted. Validated questionnaires used in studies 1 and 2 were distributed via JISC Survey (Bristol online survey) platform and self-administration. For the first study, 462 frontline employees participated in the survey. Structural equation modelling was perform using the data set and, the out from the analysis found safety management practices had a significant relationship with both safety participation (p 0.109). Quantitative survey was undertaken to achieve the second study objectives. At the end of the survey, 1004 frontline workers drawn from 14 oil and gas companies took part in the survey. Data were analysed by performing structural equation modelling and findings revealed that management commitment, safety communication, safety motivation, and employee involvement were found to have a significant relationship (p = <0.005) to both safety compliance and safety participation, except for only safety training and safety participation where no relationship was established. A qualitative face to face interview was conducted among twelve different employees (both management and frontline employees) drawn from the industries. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data based on the interview reveal gaps around the different elements of safety culture in the industry and how it impacts safety performance of employees. Based on the paucity of data within the study area, the work has advanced up to date data around the impact of safety culture on workers behaviour in oil and gas industry in Nigeria. In addition, the study is considered timely and relevant. Based on internet research, it has covered the research gap within the region and advanced tangible recommendation around the establishment of safety leading indicators for employee’s safety performance in Nigeria oil and gas industry. The study concludes that timely strengthening of workplace safety culture and visible management approach to safety is important for occupational safety improvement in the industry. In addition to this, there is the need for policy realignment to aid in the promotion of safety culture and adherence to safety standards within the industry as practiced in other countries

    Cultural scripts of parenting and state institutions in the context of post-socialist migrations: Russian-speaking migrant parents in Finland

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    This thesis provides an in-depth, qualitative study of Russian-speaking migrant parents’ experiences of parenting and state institutions in Finland. The fieldwork for this study was conducted from June 2018 to May 2019, focusing on the capital area and the city of Tampere in southern Finland. This study contributes to migration studies through a transnational framework. Analysing how migrant parents understand and conceptualise parenting in a transnational environment, this study provides new insights to the formation of transnational identities. Moreover, this study investigates the roles of state institutions as a part of this transnational environment, giving the study practical and political implications. The framework of cultural scripts of parenting takes centre stage in this study. Echoing existing research on socio-cultural identities, cultural scripts are understood as flexible models of behaviour, a ‘tool kit’ from which identities are constructed. Significantly, as a framework cultural script presumes an interaction between the individual, community, and social norms. Rather than straight-forward socialisation from above to a role such as that of a mother or a father, the process is more complex. Individuals become mothers and fathers by taking part in available practices and discourses that define them as such in the eyes of others and themselves. By analysing data from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with Russian-speaking migrant parents, the research investigates what kind of elements migrant parents draw on to construct their cultural scripts of parenting, including how a good parent interacts with state institutions and uses public services. This study frames parenting as a historically and socially situated cultural product. Russian-speaking migration in Finland is placed into the context of postsocialist migrations. This study particularly analyses how historical legacies are present in the ways in which Russian-speaking parents in Finland describe their relationship. Through the framework of cultural scripts, this study offers an innovative way of analysing transnational identities and practices
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